Prime Minister of Zimbabwe
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Prime Minister of the Republic of Zimbabwe | |
---|---|
Residence | Zimbabwe House, Harare |
Appointer | President of Zimbabwe |
Formation | 18 April 1980 11 February 2009 |
First holder | Robert Mugabe |
Final holder | Morgan Tsvangirai |
Abolished | 31 December 1987 11 September 2013 |
The prime minister of Zimbabwe was a political office in the government of Zimbabwe that existed on two occasions. The first person to hold the position was Robert Mugabe from 1980 to 1987 following independence from the United Kingdom. He took office when Southern Rhodesia became the Republic of Zimbabwe on 18 April 1980. This position was abolished when the constitution was amended in 1987 and Mugabe became president of Zimbabwe, replacing Canaan Banana as the head of state while also remaining the head of government. The office of prime minister was restored in 2009 and held by Morgan Tsvangirai until the position was again abolished by the 2013 Constitution of Zimbabwe.[1]
History of the office
Original office
Zimbabwe's prime ministerial office owes its origins to the country's predecessor states. The position began with
The
However, in 1987 the government revised the constitution and made the presidency an executive post. The prime minister's post was abolished, and its functions were effectively merged with those of the president. Mugabe ascended to the presidency.
Restored office
The restoration of the office of prime minister in 2009 was a result of a power-sharing agreement made in September 2008 between Mugabe's ZANU–PF and rival candidate Morgan Tsvangirai's
List
Southern Rhodesia (1923–1970)
- Political Parties
Rhodesia Party
United Party / United Rhodesia Party / United Federal Party
Rhodesian Front
# | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | Legislature (Election) |
Monarch (Reign) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sir Charles Coghlan † (1863–1927) |
• | 1 October 1923 | 28 August 1927 | Rhodesia Party | 1st ( 1924 )
|
George V (1926–1936) | ||
2 | Howard Unwin Moffat (1869–1951) |
• | 2 September 1927 | 5 July 1933 | Rhodesia Party | 2nd ( 1928 )
| |||
3 | George Mitchell (1867–1937) |
• | 5 July 1933 | 12 September 1933 | Rhodesia Party | ||||
4 | Godfrey Huggins (1883–1971) |
1 | 12 September 1933 | 7 September 1953 | United Party | 3rd ( 1933 )
| |||
2 | 4th ( 1934 )
| ||||||||
3 | 5th ( 1939 )
|
George VI (1936–1952) | |||||||
4 | 6th ( 1946 )
| ||||||||
5 | 7th ( 1948 )
| ||||||||
5 | Sir Garfield Todd (1908–2002) |
• | 7 September 1953 | 17 February 1958 | United Rhodesia Party | 8th ( 1954 )
|
Elizabeth II (1952–1970) | ||
6 | Sir Edgar Whitehead (1905–1971) |
• | 17 February 1958 | 17 December 1962 | United Federal Party | 9th ( 1958 )
| |||
7 | Winston Field (1904–1969) |
• | 17 December 1962 | 13 April 1964 | Rhodesian Front | 10th ( 1962 )
| |||
8 | Ian Smith (1919–2007) |
1 | 13 April 1964 | 2 March 1970[4] | Rhodesian Front | 11th ( 1965 )
|
- Notes
- † Died in office
Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia (1979)
- Parties
United African National Council
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Election | Cabinet | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
1 | Abel Muzorewa (1925–2010) MP for Mashonaland East | 1 June 1979 | 12 December 1979 | 194 days | UANC | 1979 | Government |
Prime ministers of Zimbabwe (1980–1987; 2009–2013)
No. | Portrait | Prime Minister | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Party | Election | President(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Robert Mugabe (1924–2019) | 18 April 1980 | 31 December 1987 | 7 years, 257 days | ZANU | 1980 1985 | Canaan Banana | |
Post abolished (31 December 1987 – 11 February 2009) | ||||||||
2 | Morgan Tsvangirai (1952–2018) | 11 February 2009 | 11 September 2013 | 4 years, 212 days | MDC–T | 2008[a] | Robert Mugabe | |
Post abolished (11 September 2013 – present) |
Rank by time in office
Rank | President | Time in office |
---|---|---|
1 | Robert Mugabe | 7 years, 257 days |
2 | Morgan Tsvangirai | 4 years, 212 days |
Living former prime ministers
Following the death of Robert Mugabe on 6 September 2019, there are no living former prime ministers of Zimbabwe.
See also
- President of Zimbabwe
- Deputy Prime Minister of Zimbabwe
- Prime Minister of Rhodesia
- Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia
Notes
- ^ Appointed to the post of prime minister following the 2008–2009 political negotiations.
References
- ^ Chinaka, Cris (10 September 2013). "Mugabe appoints ZANU-PF lawyer as Zimbabwe Finance Minister". Reuters. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
- ^ Green, Adam Robert (5 March 2012). "Morgan Tsvangirai, Prime Minister of Zimbabwe". This Is Africa Online. Archived from the original on 24 February 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2014.
- ^ Wood 2008, p. 471.
- ^ Smith's government continued to affirm allegiance to Elizabeth II as "Queen of Rhodesia" following its declaration of independence until 1970, but this was not acknowledged.[3]