Proximal Centriole-Like

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The proximal centriole-like or PCL is an atypical type of

microtubule-organizing center (MTOC).[3] The PCL also serves as a platform to form a typical centriole in the zygote, as expected from a centriole. Also, the PCL is essential to form one of the two spindle poles of the dividing zygote.[2]

The PCL was discovered in flies. However, it is also found in beetles, suggesting it is a common form of atypical centriole in insects.[4]

Another type of atypical type of

spindle pole during mitosis.[5][citation needed
]

During sperm swimming, the atypical distal centriole attached to the sperm tail helps couple the tail movement with head movement. The atypical distal centriole forms a dynamic basal complex (DBC) together with other structures in the sperm neck (the proximal centriole and surrounding atypical pericentriolar matrix). The dynamic basal complex facilitates a cascade of internal sliding, coupling tail beating with head kinking. Altogether, the atypical distal centriole's properties suggest that it evolved into a transmission system that couples the sperm tail motors to the whole sperm, thereby enhancing sperm function.[6]

References

  1. ^
    PMID 19293139
    .
  2. ^
    PMID 28094036
    .
  3. PMID 24532732
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  4. PMID 28298310
    .
  5. ^
    PMID 29880810
    .
  6. ^ Khanal, S., M.R. Leung, A. Royfman, E.L. Fishman, B. Saltzman, H. Bloomfield-Gadelha, T. Zeev-Ben-Mordehai, and T. Avidor-Reiss. 2021. A dynamic basal complex modulates mammalian sperm movement. Nat Commun. 12:3808.. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24011-0
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