Radiosynoviorthesis

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Radiosynoviorthesis

Radiosynoviorthesis (RSO) is a

radioactive isotopes to specifically treat the inflamed synovial membrane. Synovitis, a hallmark of various joint disorders, including osteoarthritis, manifests as inflammation within the synovial membrane lining the joints. RSO aims to suppress overactive macrophage and synovial cells responsible for the inflammatory response, providing relief from pain and improving joint functionality.[1]

Synovitis is implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, the most prevalent form of arthritis.[2] Mechanical stress, injury, or biochemical factors trigger an inflammatory response within the synovial membrane, perpetuating chronic inflammation. This inflammatory environment contributes to the breakdown of cartilage, exacerbating joint pain and dysfunction in osteoarthritis patients.[3]

Macrophages are immune cells found within the synovial tissue which play a significant role in the development and progression of synovitis and osteoarthritis.[4] Inflamed synovial tissue attracts macrophages, which release pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes. These molecules perpetuate synovial inflammation, leading to cartilage degradation and further joint damage. RSO, by targeting the inflamed synovium, aims to reduce the number and activity of macrophages, thereby relieving joint inflammation and slowing down osteoarthritis progression.[5] Long-term results have been observed in human knee [6] and finger osteoarthritis.[7]

In addition to Yttrium-90 (Y-90) and Rhenium-186 (Re-186), another radioisotope used in radiosynoviorthesis is

Tin-117m (Sn-117m). Tin-117m is radioisotope that is used to treat synovitis and osteoarthritis in canines with elbow dysplasia.[8][9][10][11]

References

  1. PMID 34671820
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  2. PMID 22387238
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  3. PMID 24876674
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  4. PMID 20187160
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  5. S2CID 211213340
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  6. S2CID 164217251
    .
  7. S2CID 250218877
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  8. PMID 34113552
    .
  9. PMID 34280212
    .
  10. S2CID 254620186
    .
  11. PMID 34950571
    .
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