Raymond Marcellin

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Raymond Marcellin (French pronunciation: [ʁɛmɔ̃ maʁsəlɛ̃]; 19 August 1914 in Sézanne, Marne – 8 September 2004) was a French politician.

Raymond Marcellin in 1950

Biography

The son of a banker, he studied law at the

Vichy regime. His job was to diffuse the ideas of the Révolution nationale among youth and professional associations. He also taught at the University Jeune-France, a Vichy organization. For these services, he received the Order of the Francisque. Later, he joined the Résistance network Alliance of Marie-Madeleine Fourcade and Georges Loustaunau-Lacau. After the Libération, he was a gaullist candidate to the 1946 election in the Morbihan. However, he did not join De Gaulle's RPF, and caucused with the independents.[1]

He initially supported the socialist governments of

Communist Party
.

In 1951, during his reelection campaign, he was allied with the

Indochina
, and did not vote for the
Pierre Mendès-France
government.

After being reelected in 1956, Raymond Marcellin did not support the socialist government of Guy Mollet. However, he approved Mollet's policies in Algeria, and voted for giving special powers to the Army in the fight against Front de Libération Nationale on 12 March 1956. He regularly voted for the renewal of these special powers. He also supported the Suez intervention. However, he voted against the fiscal package of the Mollet government that was supposed to finance the war in Algeria. This led to the fall of the Mollet government. Raymond Marcellin continued to support the engagement of French troops in Algeria, and voted against

Charles De Gaulle
, the last government of the fourth republic.

During the fifth republic, he was a member of the National Center of Independents and Peasants (CNIP) and then of the Center of Social Democrats (CDS). On 15 May 1962 Raymond Marcellin entered the government as Minister of Health. In 1965, he was elected mayor of

Interior minister of France on 30 May 1968 replacing Christian Fouchet. De Gaulle said on this occasion that with Marcellin he now had the real Fouché. To Marcellin, the demonstrators were either traitors or dupes of an operation of the Cuban secret services.[3] He increased the police budget, and pledged to have all the necessary police force in Paris to establish order. He dissolved in 1968 the right-wing organization Occident
, along with various Maoist groups.

After De Gaulle resignation, in 1969, Raymond Marcellin was maintained at the ministry of Interior by the new president

Charles De Gaulle.[4] In 1971, Raymond Marcellin tried to introduce a modification of the law of 1901 on freedom of association, which would have made preliminary administrative authorization necessary before being able to create an association. This modification was rejected by the constitutional council, after intense lobbying by former president Vincent Auriol. In the same year, Raymond Marcellin introduced an anti-wreckers bill (Loi Anti-Casseurs), that made a crime of attendance at a meeting where violence occurs. In 1973, the Trotskyite Ligue Communiste and right-wing Ordre Nouveau
were banned on the same day after a violent confrontation between the two groups.

Raymond Marcellin was forced to resign on 27 February 1974, after policemen of the

Le Canard Enchaîné, an investigating newspaper. He was replaced by Jacques Chirac as minister of the interior, and became minister of Agriculture. He was then elected to the Senate on 22 September 1974. He remained a senator until 21 June 1981.[5]

He served as president of the Regional Council of Brittany from 1978 to 1986.

Writings

  • L'orientation professionnelle et le placement des jeunes (Paris: Recueil Sirey, 1941) (Thesis, University of Strasbourg)
  • with Maurice Bouvier-Ajam Les Principaux Problèmes de l'orientation professionnelle (Clermont-Ferrand: É. Chiron, 1942)
  • L'Ordre public et les Groupes révolutionnaires (Paris : Plon, 1969)
  • L'Importune Vérité. Dix ans après Mai 68, un ministre de l'Intérieur parle (Paris: Plon, 1978) (a book on the events of May 1968).
  • La Guerre politique (Paris : Plon, 1985)
  • L' Expérience du pouvoir (Paris : la Table ronde, 1990)

References

  1. ^ Assemblée nationale - Les députés de la IVe République : Raymond MARCELLIN
  2. ^ http://www.comite-histoire.minefi.gouv.fr/industrie/industrie_les_hommes/ministres_de_l_indus/downloadFile/attachedFile/Minindustrie.pdf [dead link]
  3. ^ Obituary: Raymond Marcellin | World news | The Guardian
  4. ^ Article in Charlie-Hebdo, the successor of Hara-Kiri
  5. ^ Anciens sénateurs Vème République : Raymond MARCELLIN
Preceded by Minister of the Interior
1968–1974 		Succeeded by
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