Reforestation in Costa Rica
Reforestation efforts are being made in Costa Rica to recondition its biodiversity and ecosystems that were affected by heavy deforestation in the 1900s.
History
Costa Rica has six different ecosystems, and is considered a biodiversity hotspot– having 5% of the world's total biodiversity within 0.1% of its landmass.[1] The decline of the Costa Rican rainforest was due to unplanned logging in the mid-1900s. Loggers cleared much of the tropical rainforest for profit.[2] By the 1990s, Costa Rica had the world's highest global deforestation rates.[3] As a result, the Costa Rican government began its efforts to repair the damage inflicted on their landscape during this time and to develop in a sustainable manner.
Deforestation
In the 1940s, agriculture and unchecked logging were the main catalyst of the rapid decline of Costa Rica's indigenous woodlands. By the 1980s, two-thirds of the tropical rainforest were lost to these deforestation practices.[2] Such rapid and forceful deforestation was due to the country's inappropriate policies like: cheap credit for cattle, land-titling laws which rewarded deforestation and rapid or imprudent expansion of road systems.[4]
Purpose
A vast amount of the Costa Rican natural landscape was lost, therefore the government introduced two measures to protect and revive it. Firstly, the government made it illegal to clear forest without permission. Secondly, the government introduced
These measures were so successful that, in 2021, the country won the first-ever Earthshot prize for their conservation efforts.[6]
In an attempt to reverse the harmful effects caused by the inappropriate policies which drove reforestion, Costa Rica started using the PES program (Payment for Environental Services). The PES program gave financial incentives to owners of lands and forest planations for forest protection, reforestation and sustainable landscaping.[4]
The PES program led to several social benefits, improving quality of life and economic stanses. Between 1997 and 2019, more than 18,000 families benefited from the financial contributions.[4]
Projects
Several initiatives and projects have been created to protect and restore nature including the Guanacaste Conservation Area (ACG) and BaumInvest.
Guanacaste Conservation Area (ACG)
The
BaumInvest
The BaumInvest reforestation project in Costa Rica began in 2007. This projects seeks to establish
This project was the first reforestation project awarded the Gold Standard Certification for its positive impact on the environment.
See also
References
- ^ Guardian Staff (26 May 2007). "Leo Hickman examines Costa Rica's ecotourism industry". the Guardian. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
- ^ a b "Costa Rica has doubled its tropical rainforests in just a few decades. Here's how". World Economic Forum. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
- ^ "From the Field: Costa Rica points the way to a sustainable world". UN News. 23 October 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
- ^ a b c "Payments for Environmental Services Program". United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Archived from the original on 26 February 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
- ^ Lewis, Nell (27 July 2020). "This country regrew its lost forest. Can the world learn from it?". CNN. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
- ^ "Earthshot Prize: Costa Rica wins £1m from William's Earthshot prize". BBC News. 18 October 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2022.
- ^ ACG (16 February 2012). "¿Qué es el Área de Conservación Guanacaste?". Área de Conservación Guanacaste (in European Spanish). Retrieved 7 November 2022.
- ^ a b "BaumInvest Mixed Reforestation in Costa Rica | The Gold Standard". www.goldstandard.org. Retrieved 7 November 2022.