René Le Fort

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René Le Fort
René Le Fort
Born30 March 1869
Died30 March 1951
NationalityFrench
Known forClassification of fractures of the face

René Le Fort (30 March 1869 – 30 March 1951) was a French surgeon from Lille known for creating a classification for fractures of the face.[1][2]

Early life

René Le Fort was born in 1869, in Lille. His father was a physician and his uncle a renowned surgeon, Léon Clément Le Fort.[3]

When he was 19 and a military student, he was awarded first place into the Internat des Hôpitaux de Lille. Two years later, he was the youngest in France to receive an MD.[3]

Career

After earning his medical degree with a treatise titled Topographie cranio-cérébrale avec applications chirurgicales, he served as a

heart disease issues.[3]

In 1919 he worked at the Hôpital des Invalides prior to returning to Lille the following year. Here he became a professor at the surgical department for

University of Lille to replace former colleagues who were part of the war effort.[3]

Le Fort Fractures of skull

Main article: Le Fort fracture of skull

In 1901 René Le Fort published a treatise called Étude expérimentale sur les fractures de la mâchoire supérieure involving his experiments with

skull. To perform these experiments, Le Fort caused trauma to either attached or decapitated cadaver heads, and delivered blunt forces of varying degrees of magnitude and from different directions. Although a common story holds that Le Fort used cannonballs to induce blunt trauma, he actually used a combination of wooden club, cast iron rod, squeezing in a vice, kicks, or simply throwing the heads against a table.[4][5] From these tests, he determined that predictable patterns of fractures are the result of certain types of injuries, and concluded that there are three predominant types of mid-face fractures.[5]

In some instances, maxillary fractures are a combination of two or three

Le Fort types. Although this system of classification is considered somewhat simplistic today, it is still widely used in medicine.[citation needed
]

Selected writings

  • Étude expérimentale sur les fractures de la mâchoire supérieure (1901)
  • Les Projectiles inclus dans le mediastin (1918)

References

  1. ^ "Maxillary and Le Fort Fractures: Background, Epidemiology, Etiology". Medscape. 31 July 2018.(subscription required)
  2. PMID 19850380
    .
  3. ^ a b c d e "Biographical Sketch of René Le Fort: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery". LWW. Retrieved 14 September 2018.(subscription required)
  4. PMID 19586647
    .
  5. ^
    PMID 2025808
    .(subscription required)
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