Robert Laurent
Robert Laurent (June 29, 1890 – April 20, 1970) was a French-American
Background
Laurent was born the son of French peasants in Concarneau, Brittany, France in 1890. His skill in art was recognized by Brooklyn Eagle art critic, painter and collector Hamilton Easter Field who mentored him, taught him to paint and served as Laurent's surrogate father for the rest of his life.[1]
In 1908, Field took Laurent to Rome, where he trained with Maurice Sterne and wood carver Giuseppe Doratori,[5] before formally studying at the British Academy. Upon graduation, Laurent moved permanently to the U.S. at age twenty, only to quickly return to Europe as a member of the navy during the First World War.[6][7] In Europe, Laurent traveled to his native Brittany where he met Mimi Caraes, who became his wife.[8]
Field died in 1922, leaving Laurent his Brooklyn home, the Ogunquit school they had co-founded[9] and an art collection, which Laurent later used to establish as the Hamilton Easter Field Foundation with the help of other New York artists.[6][10]
The Ogunquit Summer School of Graphic Arts
In the summer of 1902, Field and 12-year-old Laurent traveled to Ogunquit, Maine, a popular destination for artists, drawn by the landscape.[11] During their stay, Field "bought a row of shacks that he started renting out cheap to artists."[11] In 1911, Field and Laurent built a studio there and co-founded the Ogunquit Summer School of Graphic Arts. Field taught drawing and painting until his death, and Laurent taught sculpture and wood carving there for the next 50 years.[3][12]
There was, however, another art school in Ogunquit. Founded by Field's former teacher, Charles Woodbury's Ogunquit Summer School of Drawing and Painting was heavily influenced by the "regional impressionist" style of painting also known as the Boston School.[11] One of the school's more famous students was Edward Hopper.[11] Field and Laurent were, conversely, committed modernists, and appealed to more experimental students and colleagues, such as Marsden Hartley, Yasuo Kuniyoshi, Niles Spencer, gallery owner Edith Gregor Halpert and curator Holger Cahill, among others.[9] Together, the two schools transformed a town of fewer than 1,000 into Maine's largest art colony, an achievement that resulted, in 1953, in the opening of the Ogunquit Museum of American Art.[11]
Public collections
Public collections across the United States hold Laurent's work, including the Art Institute of Chicago, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, MOMA, the Whitney Museum of American Art, the National Gallery of Art, the Smithsonian Art Museum, the Brooklyn Museum, the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, the Addison Gallery, Indiana University and the Terra Foundation for Art, among others.[13]
Awards and honors
In 1938, Laurent won the second of two Logan Prizes at the Art Institute of Chicago's annual American art exhibition.[3] In 1945, he won the Audubon Sculpture Award in New York, several first prizes in Hoosier salons, and in exhibits at the John Herron Museum, Indianapolis. He received high distinction in 1954 when was named sculptor in residence at the American Academy in Rome for a year.
Laurent was also one of 23 American sculptors whose works were selected for the controversial American National Exhibition in Moscow, in 1959.[8] The exhibit, which included such celebrated artists as sculptors Ibram Lassaw and Isamu Noguchi and painters Hyman Bloom, Jackson Pollock and Edward Hopper was coordinated by the United States Information Agency (USIA), and liberal critics subsequently characterized it as a Cold War American "propaganda strategy."[14] Prior to the exhibition, the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) threatened to remove many of the artists who had been accused of links to communist activities. After President Eisenhower intervened, however, the exhibition went on as planned.[15]
Laurent was a fellow of the
Academic career
Laurent taught at the Art Students League in New York City, the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., Vassar College, and Goucher College.[17] In addition to teaching seasonally at the Ogunquit School until 1961, Laurent accepted a position as Professor of Fine Arts at Indiana University, a position he held from 1942 to 1960.[6] He had notable students including Margit Varga.[18]
Family
Laurent's son, John, was a prominent painter in Maine, known for his landscapes and seascapes.[19]
References
- ^ a b c "Robert Laurent, Sculptor, Dies; Pioneer of an Abstract Trend". The New York Times. April 22, 1970. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Smithsonian American Art Museum Collections". Retrieved February 24, 2015.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b c d "Terra Foundation: Robert Laurent". Terra Foundation for American Art. May 7, 2020.
- ^ Laurent, Robert. "Robert Laurent Archives - Living New Deal". The Living New Deal.
- ^ Proske, Beatrice Gilman, Brookgreen Gardens Sculpture, Brookgreen Gardens, SC, 1943 p413
- ^ a b c Schwier, Carrie (May 3, 2011). ""The One That Got Away": The History Behind the Showalter Fountain Fish". Indiana University Archives. Office of Archives and Records Management at Indiana University Bloomington. Archived from the original on December 14, 2012. Retrieved January 7, 2012.
- ^ Armstrong, Craven et al, ‘’200 Years of American Sculpture’’, David R. Godine, Publisher in association with the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, 1976, p 286
- ^ a b "Robert Laurent, Art & Artist File, Smithsonian American Art Museum/National Portrait Gallery Library, Smithsonian Libraries, Washington D.C. 9/29/2017". Courier-Journal. July 24, 1960.
- ^ a b "Modern Sculptors and American Folk Art". Antiques: The Magazine. January 6, 2010.
- ^ "Robert Laurent, Art & Artist File, Smithsonian American Art Museum/National Portrait Gallery Library, Smithsonian Libraries, Washington D.C. 9/29/2017". Courier-Journal, Louisville, KY. July 24, 1960.
- ^ a b c d e De Feo, Anthony (April 18, 2017). "Ogunquit Artist Colony: The Painter's Paradise". Daily Art Magazine.
- ^ "Hamilton Easter Field". Ogunquit Museum of Modern Art. May 7, 2020.
- ^ "Robert Laurent Online". Artcyclopedia: The Ultimate Guide to Art Online. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- S2CID 57560840.
- ^ Schwartz, L.H., "Cultural Infiltration: A New Propaganda Strategy for a New Era of Soviet—West Relations.", Political Warfare against the Kremlin. Global Conflict and Security since 1945., London: Palgrave Macmillan
- ^ "Robert Laurent Art & Artist File, Smithsonian American Art Museum/National Portrait Gallery Library, Smithsonian Libraries, Washington D.C. 9/29/2017".
- ^ "Robert Laurent, Art & Artist File, Smithsonian American Art Museum/National Portrait Gallery Library, Smithsonian Libraries, Washington D.C. 9/29/2017". Louisville, KY. Courier-Journal. July 24, 1960.
- S2CID 222434640.
- ^ "Prominent Maine artist John Laurent dies at 83".