Robert de Vere, 3rd Earl of Oxford
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Robert de Vere | |
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3rd Earl of Oxford | |
Aubrey de Vere, 1st Earl of Oxford | |
Mother | Agnes of Essex |
Robert de Vere (after c. 1165 – before 25 October 1221), hereditary Master Chamberlain of England,
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Coat_of_arms_of_Robert_de_Vere%2C_heir_to_the_earldom_of_Oxford.png/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Robert_de_Vere%2C_heir_to_the_earldom_of_Oxford.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Church_of_St_Mary_Hatfield_Broad_Oak_Essex_England_-_Robert_de_Vere%2C_3rd_Earl_of_Oxford_effigy_2.jpg/150px-Church_of_St_Mary_Hatfield_Broad_Oak_Essex_England_-_Robert_de_Vere%2C_3rd_Earl_of_Oxford_effigy_2.jpg)
Robert de Vere was the second surviving son of
In 1206-07, Isabel and her sister Constance were co-heiresses of their niece, another Isabel de Bolebec, the countess of Oxford by her marriage to Robert's brother, Aubrey de Vere, 2nd Earl of Oxford. They divided the barony of Whitchurch.[2]
The fact that aunt and niece had identical names, Isabel de Bolbec, and were successively countesses of Oxford and heiresses of Whitchurch has led to confusion between the two women.[citation needed]
When Robert's brother,
Robert joined the disaffected barons who met at Stamford and forced King John to issue Magna Carta at Runnymede on 15 June 1215. The earl was elected one of the barons who were to guarantee the King's adherence to its terms. Together with other Magna Carta barons, he was excommunicated as a rebel by Pope Innocent III on 16 December 1215, and joined them in offering the crown to Prince Louis of France.[5]
Robert took up arms against King John, but pledged loyalty to him after the King had taken Castle Hedingham in March 1216. Later in the same year, however, he did homage to Prince Louis at Rochester.[6] Louis entered London and was proclaimed King. On 14 June 1216, he captured Winchester and soon controlled over half of England.[7]
In the midst of this crisis, King John died, prompting many of the barons to desert Louis in favour of John's nine-year-old son, Henry III. In 1217, Prince Louis retook Castle Hedingham and restored it to Robert, but despite this Robert transferred his allegiance to the new King in October 1217. Although he did homage to Henry, he was not fully restored in his offices and lands until February 1218.
Earl Robert served as a king's justice in 1220-21, and died shortly before 25 October 1221.
He was buried at Hatfield Regis Priory, where either his son, Hugh de Vere, 4th Earl of Oxford, or his grandson, Robert de Vere, 5th Earl of Oxford had an effigy erected in which he is depicted in chain mail, cross-legged, pulling his sword from its scabbard and holding a shield displaying his de Vere arms.[8]
Issue
Robert de Vere and Isabel de Bolebec had a son, Hugh de Vere, 4th Earl of Oxford.[9]
Ancestry
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Footnotes
- ^ Richardson IV 2011, p. 261.
- ^ De Aragon, R. "Isabel de Bolebec, Countess of Oxford," Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 56:278-9.
- ^ Cokayne 1945, p. 210.
- ^ Cokayne 1945, p. 210.
- ^ Cokayne 1945, p. 211; Richardson IV 2011, p. 261
- ^ Cokayne 1945, pp. 211–212.
- ^ Alan Harding (1993), England in the Thirteenth Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), p. 10.
- ^ "Royal Commission Historical Monuments", Essex, II, 119 & plate 122.
- ^ Cokayne 1945, p. 210.
References
- Cokayne, George Edward (1945). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday. Vol. X. London: St. Catherine Press.
- Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Vol. IV (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City.
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ISBN 1460992709