Salina, Oklahoma
Salina, Oklahoma | ||
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FIPS code 40-64950[3] | | |
GNIS feature ID | 2413250[2] |
Salina (
History
For thousands of years indigenous peoples had lived along the rivers in this area, with varying cultures. By the time of European encounter, the Osage was a major tribe in the area. Their territory started at the Missouri River and extended west, including to parts of present-day Arkansas.
In 1541 the Spanish explorer
In 1796
By 1817,
In 1820, the
The Indians boiled salt from the water rising from limestone rock about a mile south of the trading post.[5] Springs included one hot water geyser that shot boiling water 8 to 10 feet (3.0 m) into the air. Chouteau obtained the springs in a treaty in 1825 and sold them to Sam Houston in 1830. A Cherokee, Captain John Rogers, began making salt from the springs and named them Grand Saline. He built his home nearby. Washington Irving visited on October 6, 1832, accompanied by Sam Houston.[6] In 1838 the government began moving Cherokee to the area in implementation of the Indian Removal Act.
By 1839, Rogers was operating 115 salt kettles. He lost the salt works in 1844 to the
In 1862 during the American Civil War, Union soldiers came down unopposed on the Grand River to Salina and set all slaves free. The soldiers ransacked the Ross home, had the slaves load everything on wagons, and hauled the goods across the border to the free state of Kansas.[7] In 1872 the Cherokee Nation purchased the Ross home for $26,000 and used it for years as the Cherokee Orphan Asylum. It was destroyed by fire in 1899. Reconstructed, the structure is now used as a gym.
The Cherokee chief Samuel Houston Mayes established a ferry and mercantile business on the Grand River in 1906.
The establishment of the Old Chouteau Trading Post at Salina was commemorated on October 10–11, 1938 and has become an annual celebration. Among those speaking at the inaugural event were Governor-Elect Leon C. Phillips, Dr. M. L. Wardell of the University of Oklahoma, Mr. Thomas J. Harrison of Pryor, and Yvonne Chouteau, a descendant of Jean Pierre Chouteau.
Geography
The town is situated on the eastern shore of Lake Hudson, formed by the impoundment of the Grand River.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.1 square miles (2.8 km2), of which 1.0 square mile (2.6 km2) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km2) (8.04%) is water.
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
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1920 | 411 | — | |
1930 | 582 | 41.6% | |
1940 | 687 | 18.0% | |
1950 | 905 | 31.7% | |
1960 | 972 | 7.4% | |
1970 | 1,024 | 5.3% | |
1980 | 1,115 | 8.9% | |
1990 | 1,153 | 3.4% | |
2000 | 1,422 | 23.3% | |
2010 | 1,396 | −1.8% | |
2020 | 1,085 | −22.3% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[8] |
As of 2010 Salina had a population of 1,396. The racial and ethnic composition of the population was 52.0% white, 0.1% African American, 37.5% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% from some other race and 10.2% reporting two or more races. 1.0% of the population was Hispanic or Latino.[9]
As of the
There were 562 households, out of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.4% were non-families. 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.10.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.6 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $23,519, and the median income for a family was $31,000. Males had a median income of $26,552 versus $17,292 for females. The
Historic Site
The Spring House, off Oklahoma State Highway 20, is an NRHP-listed location, being one of the oldest existing properties in the state, and also being important for its association with Lewis Ross, brother of Cherokee chief John Ross.[10] Lewis Ross settled in the area around 1838, building both a home and, in 1844, an octagonally-shaped spring house.[10] The home later became an orphanage and was destroyed by fire in 1903, but the spring house survived.[10]
Notable people
- Carl Belew, country music singer-songwriter
- U.S. Representative
References
- ^ "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 20, 2022.
- ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Salina, Oklahoma
- ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ Pryor Daily Times. "Mayes County grows by 3,000. April 4, 2011. Retrieved September 14, 2011.[1]
- ^ U. S. House Report No. 87, pp. 28, 29, 20th Congress, second session: Foreman, ibid., 70
- ^ Trent, William P., and George S. Hellman: The Journals of Washington Irving, III, p. 133
- ^ University of Oklahoma Digital Collections
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ 2010 general profile of population and housing characteristics of Salina
- ^ a b c "LEWIS ROSS / CHEROKEE ORPHAN ASYLUM SPRINGHOUSE". Oklahoma's National Register of Historic Places. Retrieved March 26, 2020.