Satto
| Satto 察度 sattu | |
|---|---|
| King of Ryūkyū Bunei | |
| Born | 1321 |
| Died | November 17, 1395 (aged 73–74) |
| Divine name | Oho-mamono (大真物 ufumamun)[2] |
| Father | Okuma Ufuya (奥間大親) |
| Mother | A swan maiden |
Satto (察度) (1321 – November 17, 1395) was King of Chūzan. He is the first ruler of Okinawa Island who was recorded by contemporary sources. His reign was marked by expansion and development of Chūzan's trade relations with other states, and the beginning of Okinawa's tributary relations with Ming dynasty China, a relationship that continued for roughly five hundred years, almost until the fall of the Qing dynasty.
Satto was Governor of the
Chinese envoys arrived in Chūzan in 1372, requesting admission of Chinese cultural supremacy and that Okinawa send representatives to
Diplomatic and trade relations were also established with a number of other states during Satto's reign, including the kingdoms of Korea
Satto also established the Chinese immigrant community of Kumemura in 1392, a short distance from the capital at Shuri. These Chinese would, over the ensuing decades and centuries, intermarry with the local Okinawans; Kumemura grew into a center of Chinese studies, and its Chinese inhabitants and their descendants served the kingdom as diplomats, interpreters, and related roles.
Another important development introduced by Satto was the creation of the post of Ō-shō (王相), or King's Assistant. Though direct monarchical rule remained important and powerful in Okinawa for at least a few generations, this marked the beginnings of a bureaucracy that gradually replaced the chief's direct rule, drafting and implementing policy in his name.
Satto died in 1395, and was succeeded by his son Bunei. Missions sent to Nanjing announced the chief's death, and formally requested investiture for his successor. The "
See also
Notes
- ^ a b Veritable Record of the Ming Taizu (in Chinese). Vol. 151.
遣使勑中山王察度...邇者琉球國王察度堅事大之誠遣使來報而山南王承察度亦遣人随使者入覲鑒其至誠深用嘉納
- ^ 琉球国王の神号と『おもろさうし』 (PDF) (in Japanese).
- ^ Shimaziri District Elementary School Social Studies Research (島尻地区小学校社会科研究会, Shimajiri Chiku Shōgakkō Shakaika Kenkyūkai) (2002). Okinawa History Biographical Dictionary (沖縄歴史人名事典, Okinawa rekishi jinmei jiten), p. 85.
- ^ Relations are believed to have been first established with Goryeo in 1389, which fell three years later and was replaced by Joseon, though relations were for the most part undisrupted.
- ^ This represents the Okinawan language reading of the characters; the same term is read as tendō in Japanese language, and as tian-dao in Chinese pinyin.
References
- Kerr, George H. (1965). Okinawa, the History of an Island People. Rutland, Vermont: C.E. Tuttle Co. OCLC 39242121
- Smits, Gregory. (1999). Visions of Ryukyu: Identity and Ideology in Early-Modern Thought and Politics, Honolulu:
- Shimaziri District Elementary School Social Studies Research (島尻地区小学校社会科研究会, Shimajiri Chiku Shōgakkō Shakaika Kenkyūkai) (2002). Okinawa History Biographical Dictionary (沖縄歴史人名事典, Okinawa rekishi jinmei jiten). Naha: Okinawa Bunka-sha. OCLC 170411659 (1997 ed.)
- ISBN 9780824824938; OCLC 170955369