Sir Henry Thompson, 1st Baronet

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For other people named Henry Thompson, see Henry Thompson (disambiguation).

Sir Henry Thompson, 1st Baronet
Born6 August 1820
Framlingham, Suffolk
Died18 April 1904
London
Occupation(s)Surgeon, polymath

Sir Henry Thompson, 1st Baronet,

FRCS (6 August 1820 – 18 April 1904) was a British surgeon and polymath. His interest was particularly in the surgery of the genito-urinary tract
.

Medical career

Thompson was born at Framlingham, Suffolk. His father wished him to enter business, but he was eventually (by 1848) able to enrol in the Medical School of University College London. He obtained his medical degree in 1851 with the highest honours in anatomy and surgery[1] and set up a practice at 35 Wimpole Street in London, where he lived and worked until his death in 1904.

In 1853 he was appointed assistant surgeon at

minimally invasive
surgery.

After his return from Paris, Thompson soon acquired a reputation as a skilful surgeon in that class of disease.[2]

Thompson in a portrait painted by John Everett Millais

In 1863, when King

Napoléon III; however, the Emperor died four days after, not from the surgical procedure, as was proved by the post-mortem examination, but from uremia.[4]

In 1874 Thompson helped in founding the Cremation Society of Great Britain, of which he was the first president; he also did much toward the removal of the legal restrictions on cremation. He denounced the prevailing methods of death certification in Great Britain; and in 1892 a select committee was appointed to inquire into the matter; its report, published the following year, was generally in line with his thinking.[4] Woking Crematorium finally became the first of its kind in the UK. Thompson's last public duty for the society, in 1903, was to open Birmingham Crematorium,[5] the country's ninth.[6] He died in April 1904 aged 83; his body was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium,[7] the first in London, which he had opened in 1902.[8]

Personal life

Thompson's portrait of Carlo Pellegrini

Thompson was also an artist, producing sketches and paintings, some of which were hung at the

James Whistler, was published in 1878.[4]

He was also interested in

Royal Greenwich Observatory several instruments, including a photographic heliograph of 9-inch aperture; a 30-inch reflecting telescope, and a large refracting telescope with a 26-inch object glass (of 22 feet focal length). The offer of the last instrument was made in 1894. Its manufacture was undertaken by Sir Howard Grubb of Dublin, and its erection was completed in 1897.[4]

Sir Henry Thompson, knighted in 1867, received a baronetcy in 1899, in connection with his telescope gifts to the National Observatory.[4]

In 1851 he married

Henry Lawe Corry Vully de Candole. They had two sons, the youngest was the World War I poet Alec de Candole[9]

Thompson believed in an impersonal God. In his 1903 essay "The Unknown God?", he promoted the idea that an eternal source of energy exists in the universe that is beneficent and intelligent but not personal.[10] He argued that all the major religions which are regarded as "divinely" inspired are unsubstantiated and unsupported by evidence.[11]

Debate over vegetarianism

Thompson was incorrectly cited and misquoted by vegetarians as being a supporter of vegetarianism.[12] For example, he is cited as supporting a vegetarian diet in Gandhi's essay The Superiority of Vegetarianism. Thompson rejected excessive meat consumption and promoted a "lighter" diet but was not a vegetarian. He was involved in a debate over vegetarianism which led to controversy in the Nineteenth Century magazine.[13]

Thompson authored two articles on vegetarianism, in 1898. Thompson stated that those that consume only from the vegetable kingdom can be called "vegetarians", not those that consume animal products such as dairy and eggs. Josiah Oldfield responded to this by stating that eggs and milk "may rightly form an integral part of a vegetarian dietary" and vegetarianism does not equate to only vegetable eating.[14]

Bibliography

The Royal College of Surgeons in 1852 awarded Thompson the Jacksonian Prize for an essay on the Pathology and Treatment of Stricture of the Urethra (on

medical speciality.[1] Besides devising operative improvements, he wrote books and papers dealing with them, including:[4]

He produced two successful novels, Charley Kingston's Aunt (1885) and All But (1886).

Notes

  1. ^ a b c Chisholm 1911, p. 869.
  2. ^ Chisholm 1911, pp. 869–870.
  3. ^ "Obituary: Sir Henry Thompson". Medical Press and Circular. 77: 463. 1904. Retrieved 28 June 2008.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Chisholm 1911, p. 870.
  5. ^ "History of the Society". Cremation Society of Great Britain. 1 January 1999. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  6. ^ "Birmingham Crematorium commemorates 110th anniversary". Dignity plc. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  7. ^ "History of the Society: Death of Sir Henry Thompson". Cremation Society of Great Britain. 1 January 1999. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
  8. ^ Historic England. "Golders Green Crematorium (1001575)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
  9. ^ "Alec de Candole | Home".
  10. ^ McCabe, Joseph. (1913). The Existence of God. Watts & Co. p. 120
  11. S2CID 220034701
    .
  12. ^ "The Anti-Kreophagists". The British Medical Journal. 1 (1953): 1475–1476. 1898.
  13. ISBN 978-1-84511-379-7
  14. ^ Oldfield, Josiah. (1898). Vegetarian Still: A Reply to Sir Henry Thompson. Nineteenth Century 44: 246-252.

Sources

External links

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Baronetage of the United Kingdom
New creation
Baronet

(of Wimpole Street) 
1899–1904 		Succeeded by
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