Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park: Difference between revisions
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[[File:12-cub on tree.jpg|thumb|[[Himalayan Black bear]] cub]] |
[[File:12-cub on tree.jpg|thumb|[[Himalayan Black bear]] cub]] |
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Since 2002 several surveys were carried out to determine the faunal diversity of the protected area. In a field study carried out from July 2003 to July 2004 [[Indian leopard]], [[Jungle cat]], [[Large Indian Civet|Large Indian civet]], [[Golden Jackal|Golden jackal]], [[Himalayan black bear]], [[Yellow-throated Marten|Yellow-throated marten]], [[Small Asian Mongoose|Small Asian mongoose]], [[Himalayan goral]], [[Barking deer]], [[Wild boar]], [[Rhesus monkey]], [[Hanuman langur]], [[Chinese pangolin]], [[Indian Crested Porcupine|Indian Crested porcupine]], [[Royle's Pika|Himalayan pika]], [[Indian Hare|Black-naped hare]], [[Dremomys lokriah|Himalayan squirrel]], [[Mus cervicolor|Fawn-colored mouse]], [[Hodgsons's Brown-toothed Shrew|Brown-toothed shrew]] and [[Rattus rattus|Black rat]] were identified. Signs of [[Clouded leopard]] and [[Leopard cat]], thought to be present, were not observed.<ref>Shrestha, B., Basnet K. (2005) ''Indirect methods of identifying mammals: a case study from Shivapuri National Park, Nepal.'' Ecoprint, Vol.12: 43-58 [http://journals.sfu.ca/nepal/index.php/ECO/article/viewFile/3196/2778 pdf online]</ref> In 2008, [[Intermediate Horseshoe Bat|Intermediate Horseshoe]], [[Greater Horseshoe Bat|Greater Horseshoe]] and [[Big-eared Horseshoe Bat|Big-eared Horseshoe bats]] were [[Mist net|mist netted]] at the entrance of Nagarjuna cave inside the park.<ref>Thapa, S. (2010) ''Detailed monitoring survey of bats and their conservation through radio awareness programme and outreach programme to school children in Kathmandu Valley.'' A First Phase report submitted to The Rufford Small Grants, UK. Small Mammals Conservation and Research Foundation, Kathmandu Nepal</ref> |
Since 2002 several surveys were carried out to determine the faunal diversity of the protected area. In a field study carried out from July 2003 to July 2004 [[Indian leopard]], [[Jungle cat]], [[Large Indian Civet|Large Indian civet]], [[Golden Jackal|Golden jackal]], [[Himalayan black bear]], [[Yellow-throated Marten|Yellow-throated marten]], [[Small Asian Mongoose|Small Asian mongoose]], [[Himalayan goral]], [[Barking deer]], [[Wild boar]], [[Rhesus monkey]], [[Hanuman langur]], [[Chinese pangolin]], [[Indian Crested Porcupine|Indian Crested porcupine]], [[Royle's Pika|Himalayan pika]], [[Indian Hare|Black-naped hare]], [[Dremomys lokriah|Himalayan squirrel]], [[Mus cervicolor|Fawn-colored mouse]], [[Hodgsons's Brown-toothed Shrew|Brown-toothed shrew]] and [[Rattus rattus|Black rat]] were identified. Signs of [[Clouded leopard]] and [[Leopard cat]], thought to be present, were not observed.<ref>Shrestha, B., Basnet K. (2005) ''Indirect methods of identifying mammals: a case study from Shivapuri National Park, Nepal.'' Ecoprint, Vol.12: 43-58 [http://journals.sfu.ca/nepal/index.php/ECO/article/viewFile/3196/2778 pdf online]</ref> In 2008, [[Intermediate Horseshoe Bat|Intermediate Horseshoe]], [[Greater Horseshoe Bat|Greater Horseshoe]] and [[Big-eared Horseshoe Bat|Big-eared Horseshoe bats]] were [[Mist net|mist netted]] at the entrance of Nagarjuna cave inside the park.<ref>Thapa, S. (2010) ''Detailed monitoring survey of bats and their conservation through radio awareness programme and outreach programme to school children in Kathmandu Valley.'' A First Phase report submitted to The Rufford Small Grants, UK. Small Mammals Conservation and Research Foundation, Kathmandu Nepal</ref> |
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In the western part of the park, [[Herpetology|herpetologists]] encountered [[Monocled Cobra|Monocled cobra]], [[Amphiesma platyceps|Himalayan keelback]], [[Trachischium laeve|Olive Oriental Slender snake]], [[Trachischium tenuiceps|Yellow-bellied Worm-eating snake]], [[Japalura variegata|Variegated Mountain lizard]], [[Oriental garden lizard]], [[Eutropis carinata|Many-keeled Grass skink]], [[Asymblepharus|Sikkim skink]], [[Duttaphrynus melanostictus|Black-spined toad]], [[Fanged frog]] and [[Megophrys|Horned frog]] in the summer of 2009.<ref>Aryal, P.C., Pokhrel, G.K., Shah, K.B., Rijal, B., Kharel, S.C., Paudel, E., Suwal, M.K., Dhamala, M.K., Bhurtel, B.P. (2010) ''Inventory of Herpetofaunal Diversity In Nagarjun Forest of Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park''. Companions for Amphibians and Reptiles of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal [http://www.caron.org.np/brochoure/nastreport.pdf pdf online]</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 17:28, 31 July 2010
| Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Location | Nepal |
| Nearest city | Kathmandu |
| Area | 159 km2 (61 sq mi) |
| Established | 2002 |
| Governing body | Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Ministry of Forests |
Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park is the ninth national park in
Sindhupalchowk, adjoining 23 Village Development Committees. [1]
History
The area has always been an important water catchment area, supplying the Kathmandu Valley daily with several hundred thousands cubic liter of water. In 1976, the area was established as a protected watershed and wildlife reserve. [1] In 2002, it was gazetted as Shivapuri National Park, initially covering 144 km2, and extended by the Nagarjun Forest Reserve in early 2009 to its present size.
Climate
The park is located in a transition zone between subtropical and temperate climate. The annual precipitation of about 1,400 mm falls mostly from May to September, with 80% during monsoon. Temperatures vary from 2-17°C (36-63° F) during the winter season, rising to 19-30°C (66-86° F) during the summer season.
Vegetation
The typical vegetation of the park is middle hill forest from 1,000 to 1,800 metres (3,300 to 5,900 ft) of altitude, comprising of:
- chir pine stands on southern dry ridges and associations of alder, Wild Himalayan cherry, Engelhardia and ring-cupped oakalong streams;
- Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests in the lower temperate bioclimatic zone with predominantly broadleaf evergreen species of Oak and Laurel families mixed with rhododendron on northern slopes.[2][3]
On higher elevation a variety of medicinal
Fauna
Himalayan Black bear
cubSince 2002 several surveys were carried out to determine the faunal diversity of the protected area. In a field study carried out from July 2003 to July 2004
Big-eared Horseshoe bats were mist netted at the entrance of Nagarjuna cave inside the park.[6]
In the western part of the park,
Fanged frog and Horned frog in the summer of 2009.[7]
References
- ^ a b c Bhuju, U.R., Shakya, P.R., Basnet, T.B., Shrestha, S. (2007) Nepal Biodiversity Resource Book. Protected Areas, Ramsar Sites, and World Heritage Sites. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, in cooperation with United Nations Environment Programme, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. Kathmandu, ISBN 978-92-9115-033-5 download pdf
- ^ a b Majupuria, T.C., Kumar, R. (1998) Wildlife, National Parks and Reserves of Nepal. S. Devi, Saharanpur and Tecpress Books, Bangkok. isbn 974-89833-5-8
- ^ Sigdel, S.R. (2009) Altitudinally coordinated pattern of plant community structure in the Shivapuri National Park, Nepal. Banko Janakari, Vol. 18, No. 1: 11-17 download pdf
- ^ Maskey, N. (2008) Investing in Ecosystem Services: Opportunities and Challenges for Shivapuri National Park, Nepal. Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies, Sweden
- ^ Shrestha, B., Basnet K. (2005) Indirect methods of identifying mammals: a case study from Shivapuri National Park, Nepal. Ecoprint, Vol.12: 43-58 pdf online
- ^ Thapa, S. (2010) Detailed monitoring survey of bats and their conservation through radio awareness programme and outreach programme to school children in Kathmandu Valley. A First Phase report submitted to The Rufford Small Grants, UK. Small Mammals Conservation and Research Foundation, Kathmandu Nepal
- ^ Aryal, P.C., Pokhrel, G.K., Shah, K.B., Rijal, B., Kharel, S.C., Paudel, E., Suwal, M.K., Dhamala, M.K., Bhurtel, B.P. (2010) Inventory of Herpetofaunal Diversity In Nagarjun Forest of Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park. Companions for Amphibians and Reptiles of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal pdf online
Further reading
- Bird Conservation Nepal (2006) Birds of Shivapuri. Checklist of 318 reported species. Published in cooperation with Shivapuri National Park, Kathmandu.
External links
- Information of Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Nepal
- Information of ICIMOD's Conservation Portal: Shivapuri National Park
- BirdLife IBA factsheet about Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park
- Nepal Tourism directory: Shivapuri National Park
| National parks | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Conservation areas | ||
| Hunting reserves | ||
| Ramsar sites | ||
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