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'''José da Cruz Policarpo''', <small>[[Order of Christ (Portugal)|GCC]]</small> ({{IPA-pt|ʒuˈzɛ dɐ kɾujʃ poliˈkaɾpu|lang}}; 26 February 1936 – 12 March 2014), officially referred to as '''José IV, Patriarch of Lisbon''', though commonly just referred to as "D. José Policarpo", was [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] and Patriarch Emeritus of Lisbon. Policarpo held a doctorate in theology from the [[Pontifical Gregorian University]] in Rome. He served from 24 March 1998 to 18 May 2013, and upon his resignation being accepted by [[Pope Francis]], he was succeeded as Patriarch of Lisbon by the Bishop of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Porto]] in [[Porto, Portugal]], [[Manuel Clemente]].<ref>http://attualita.vatican.va/sala-stampa/bollettino/2013/05/18/news/31008.html</ref> |
'''José da Cruz Policarpo''', <small>[[Order of Christ (Portugal)|GCC]]</small> ({{IPA-pt|ʒuˈzɛ dɐ kɾujʃ poliˈkaɾpu|lang}}; 26 February 1936 – 12 March 2014), officially referred to as '''José IV, Patriarch of Lisbon''', though commonly just referred to as "D. José Policarpo", was [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] and Patriarch Emeritus of Lisbon. Policarpo held a doctorate in theology from the [[Pontifical Gregorian University]] in Rome. He served from 24 March 1998 to 18 May 2013, and upon his resignation being accepted by [[Pope Francis]], he was succeeded as Patriarch of Lisbon by the Bishop of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Porto]] in [[Porto, Portugal]], [[Manuel Clemente]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://attualita.vatican.va/sala-stampa/bollettino/2013/05/18/news/31008.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-06-15 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607062112/http://attualita.vatican.va/sala-stampa/bollettino/2013/05/18/news/31008.html |archivedate=7 June 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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Revision as of 13:14, 1 December 2017
His Eminence José IV Auxiliary Bishop of Lisbon (1978–1997) | |
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| Motto | per obedientiam ad libertatem (By Obeidence to Freedom) |
| Coat of arms |  |
| Styles of José da Cruz Policarpo | ||
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Reference style His Eminence | | |
| Spoken style | Your Eminence | |
| Informal style | Cardinal | |
| See | Lisbon | |
José da Cruz Policarpo, Porto, Portugal, Manuel Clemente.[1]
Early life
He was born on 26 February 1936 in
Alcobaça, Benedita, 17 October 1909 – Caldas da Rainha, Alvorninha, 6 September 1994), and ordained a priest on 15 August 1961 in Lisbon by Manuel Cardinal Cerejeira
. José da Cruz' eight siblings were: Maria do Céu (b. 1939), Maria Adélia (b. 1942), Aníbal, Joaquim, António, Maria da Graça, Maria Edite (b. 1947) and Fernando (b. 1952).
Early career
Policarpo was director of the
Portuguese Catholic University
. He later served two terms as rector of the same university (1988–96) and is the author of a number of books and scholarly articles.
Appointed bishop
On 26 May 1978 Policarpo was appointed titular bishop of Caliabria and auxiliary bishop of Lisbon, receiving episcopal consecration on 29 June. On 5 March 1997 he was appointed Coadjuctor Archbishop of Lisbon and succeeded Cardinal António Ribeiro as Patriarch on 24 March 1998. Cardinal Policarpo is also President of the Portuguese Episcopal Conference and Grand Chancellor of the Portuguese Catholic University.
Cardinal
He was created a
Sant'Antonio in Campo Marzio. He was a member of the Congregation for Catholic Education, Pontifical Council for the Laity, and Pontifical Council for Culture in the Roman Curia
.
Policarpo was one of about a dozen like-minded prelates, all European cardinals or bishops, who met annually from 1995 to 2006 in
Joseph Ratzinger was not the sort of candidate they hoped to see elected at the next conclave.[2][3]
Upon the death of
conclave of 2013 which elected Pope Francis.[4][5][6] As a result of his position in the seniority among cardinals, when Cardinal Policarpo took the oath of secrecy in the Sistine Chapel at the start of the conclave, he took the oath immediately after Cardinal Jorge Bergoglio, the cardinal ultimately elected as Pope Francis.[6]
His resignation because of his age was accepted in May 2013 and Manuel Clemente, formerly bishop of Porto was named in his place.[7]
Controversies
Pro-choice politicians
His refusal to
pro-life Catholics for being one of the main reasons for the legalisation of abortion in Portugal, in 2007. However, he did not openly deny the right to the Portuguese Roman Catholic priests to refuse them communion, which many in fact did.[8] Portuguese President Aníbal Cavaco Silva
, who chose not to veto the law that legalised abortion in Portugal, is a Roman Catholic, but he was never openly criticised by Cardinal Policarpo for his attitude.
Marriages with Muslim men
On 14 January 2009, the cardinal directed a warning to young women to "think twice" before
Muslim community in Portugal said they were hurt and surprised by his words, but remarked that his words could be interpreted as a call to respect differences and get to know the other religion.[12] A spokesman for the Portuguese Episcopal Conference said the cardinal had offered "realistic advice" rather than "discrimination" or "contempt for another culture or religion".[10]
Ordination of women
Cardinal da Cruz Policarpo in June 2011 stated in a magazine interview that, while there is no fundamental theological obstacle to
Ordinatio Sacerdotalis.[15]
Honours
See also
- College of Cardinals
- List of Cardinals from Portugal
References
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Pentin, Edward (24 September 2015). "Cardinal Danneels Admits to Being Part of 'Mafia' Club Opposed to Benedict XVI". National Catholic Register. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
- ^ Pentin, Edward (26 September 2015). "Cardinal Danneels' Biographers Retract Comments on St. Gallen Group". National Catholic Register. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
- ^ "Cardinal electors – Conclave of March 2013 – Arranged in alphabetical order". Salvador Miranda. Retrieved 11 September 2014.
- ^ "Conclave of March 2013". Salvador Miranda. Retrieved 11 September 2014.
- ^ Centro Televisivo Vaticano. 12 March 2013. Retrieved 11 September 2014.
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ a b "Portugal cardinal warns of marriage with Muslims". Reuters. 14 January 2009.
- ^ a b "Portuguese Catholic Leader: 'Think Twice about Marrying a Muslim'". Der Spiegel. 15 January 2009.
- ^ Portuguese Church: 'Think twice about marrying Muslims' (Daily Mail, 15 January 2009)
- ^ Controversy over Christian-Muslim marriages in Portugal[permanent dead link] (Trend, Azerbaijan, 15 January 2009)
- ^ "Não foi por acaso que Jesus escolheu para apóstolos homens e deu às mulheres outro tipo de atenção [...] teológicamente não há nenhum obstáculo fundamental [...] O problema põe-se noutra ótica, numa forte tradição, que vem desde Jesus [...] Não é com certeza para a nossa vida, hoje então, no momento que estamos a viver, é um daqueles problemas que é melhor não levantar...suscita uma série de reações" (Text of the interview, in Portuguese). Archived 9 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ The Patriarch of Lisbon: "There are no theological reasons for excluding women from the priesthood" Archived 29 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine (La Stampa, 25 June 2011)
- ^ Statement from the Patriarchate of Lisbon
- ^ "CIDADÃOS NACIONAIS AGRACIADOS COM ORDENS PORTUGUESAS - Página Oficial das Ordens Honoríficas Portuguesas". www.ordens.presidencia.pt (in Portuguese). Retrieved 6 August 2017.
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