List of Olympic medalists in bobsleigh: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Accident de bosleigh.jpg|thumb|alt=2010 Vancouver|Pilot [[John James Jackson|John Jackson]] and brakeman [[Dan Money]] slide upside down through Turn 16 aboard Great Britain-1 in the Olympic two-man bobsled event 20 February at the Whistler Sliding Centre.]]
[[File:Accident de bosleigh.jpg|thumb|alt=2010 Vancouver|Pilot [[John James Jackson|John Jackson]] and brakeman [[Dan Money]] slide upside down through Turn 16 aboard Great Britain-1 in the Olympic two-man bobsled event 20 February at the Whistler Sliding Centre.]]
[[File:Bakken Flowers 2002 Winter Olympics win.jpg|thumb|alt=2002 Salt Lake City|[[Jill Bakken]] holds flowers aloft and enjoys her moment of triumph after winning the gold in the first-ever women's Olympic bobsled race 19 February. Her brakeman [[Vonetta Flowers]] is also being lifted by teammates on the left.]]
[[File:Bakken Flowers 2002 Winter Olympics win.jpg|thumb|alt=2002 Salt Lake City|[[Jill Bakken]] holds flowers aloft and enjoys her moment of triumph after winning the gold in the first-ever women's Olympic bobsled race 19 February. Her brakeman [[Vonetta Flowers]] is also being lifted by teammates on the left.]]
[[Bobsleigh]] is an [[Olympic sports|Olympic sport]] that is contested at the [[Winter Olympic Games]]. The sport was included in the first [[1924 Winter Olympics|Winter Olympics in 1924]] and has been held at every Olympics since, except [[1960 Winter Olympics|1960]]. The four-man event, which was first held in 1924, was switched to a five-man event in [[1928 Winter Olympics|1928]]. The two-man event was added to the programme in [[1932 Winter Olympics|1932]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fieldday.com/cbc/olympics/sports/bobsleigh/history/index.html|title=Bobsleigh History|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC Sports]]|accessdate=5 September 2009}}</ref>
[[Bobsleigh]] is an [[Olympic sports|Olympic sport]] that is contested at the [[Winter Olympic Games]]. The sport was included in the first [[1924 Winter Olympics|Winter Olympics in 1924]] and has been held at every Olympics since, except [[1960 Winter Olympics|1960]]. The four-man event, which was first held in 1924, was switched to a five-man event in [[1928 Winter Olympics|1928]]. The two-man event was added to the programme in [[1932 Winter Olympics|1932]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fieldday.com/cbc/olympics/sports/bobsleigh/history/index.html|title=Bobsleigh History|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC Sports]]|accessdate=5 September 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711001230/http://www.fieldday.com/cbc/olympics/sports/bobsleigh/history/index.html|archivedate=11 July 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


==Four man==
==Four man==

Revision as of 19:29, 26 December 2017

2002 Salt Lake City
Bobsled team members from Germany-2 (orange and white), USA-1, (center row in blue) and USA-2 wave to the crowd after receiving their newly awarded medals during a ceremony in Salt Lake City for the men's four-man bobsled event in the 2002 Winter Olympics.
2010 Vancouver
Army National Guard Outstanding Athlete Program bobsled pilot Sgt. Mike Kohn drives USA-3 through Turn 11 at Whistler Sliding Centre during the first heat of the Olympic two-man bobsled event on Saturday during the 2010 Winter Olympics.
2010 Vancouver
Pilot John Jackson and brakeman Dan Money slide upside down through Turn 16 aboard Great Britain-1 in the Olympic two-man bobsled event 20 February at the Whistler Sliding Centre.
2002 Salt Lake City
Jill Bakken holds flowers aloft and enjoys her moment of triumph after winning the gold in the first-ever women's Olympic bobsled race 19 February. Her brakeman Vonetta Flowers is also being lifted by teammates on the left.

Bobsleigh is an Olympic sport that is contested at the Winter Olympic Games. The sport was included in the first Winter Olympics in 1924 and has been held at every Olympics since, except 1960. The four-man event, which was first held in 1924, was switched to a five-man event in 1928. The two-man event was added to the programme in 1932.[1]

Four man

2010 Vancouver
Former Army World Class Athlete Program bobsledder Steven Holcomb, front right, leads USA-1, AKA "The Night Train", team of Justin Olsen, Steve Mesler and Curtis Tomasevicz to a start time of 4.77 seconds in the third heat of the Olympic four-man bobsled event in Whistler, British Columbia at the 2010 Winter Olympics. The quartet won the first U.S. Olympic gold medal in the sport in 62 years.
Games Gold Silver Bronze
1924 Chamonix
details
 Switzerland (SUI)
Eduard Scherrer
Alfred Neveu
Alfred Schläppi
Heinrich Schläppi[2]
 Great Britain (GBR)
Ralph Broome
Thomas Arnold
Alexander Richardson
Rodney Soher [3]
 Belgium (BEL)
Charles Mulder
René Mortiaux
Paul Van den Broeck
Victor Verschueren
Henri Willems[4]
1928 St. Moritz
details
 United States (USA)
William Fiske
Nion Tocker
Geoffrey Mason
Clifford Gray
Richard Parke[5]
 United States (USA)
Jennison Heaton
David Granger
Lyman Hine
Thomas Doe
Jay O'Brien[5]
 
1932 Lake Placid
details
 United States (USA)
William Fiske
Eddie Eagan
Clifford Gray
Jay O'Brien[7]
 
Francis Stevens
Edmund Horton[7]
 Germany (GER)
Hans Mehlhorn
Max Ludwig
Hanns Kilian
Sebastian Huber[8]
1936 Garmisch-
Partenkirchen

details
 Switzerland (SUI)
Pierre Musy
Arnold Gartmann
Charles Bouvier
Joseph Beerli[9]
 Switzerland (SUI)
Reto Capadrutt
Hans Aichele
Fritz Feierabend
Hans Bütikofer[9]
 
Charles Green[10]
1948 St. Moritz
details
 United States (USA)
Francis Tyler
Patrick Martin
Edward Rimkus
William D'Amico[11]
 Belgium (BEL)
Max Houben
Freddy Mansveld
Louis-Georges Niels
Jacques Mouvet[12]
 
William Dupree[11]
1952 Oslo
details
 Germany (GER)
Andreas Ostler
Friedrich Kuhn
Lorenz Nieberl
Franz Kemser[13]
 United States (USA)
Stanley Benham
Patrick Martin
Howard Crossett
James Atkinson[14]
 Switzerland (SUI)
Fritz Feierabend
Albert Madörin
André Filippini
Stephan Waser[15]
1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo
details
 Switzerland (SUI)
Franz Kapus
Gottfried Diener
Robert Alt
Heinrich Angst[16]
 Italy (ITA)
Eugenio Monti
Ulrico Girardi
Renzo Alverà
Renato Mocellini[17]
 
Charles Butler
James Lamy[18]
1960 Squaw Valley not competed at these Games
1964 Innsbruck
details
 
Douglas Anakin
John Emery
 Austria (AUT)[20]
Erwin Thaler
Adolf Koxeder
Josef Nairz
Reinhold Durnthaler
 Italy (ITA)[21]
Eugenio Monti
Sergio Siorpaes
Benito Rigoni
Gildo Siorpaes
1968 Grenoble
details
 Italy (ITA)[22]
Eugenio Monti
Luciano de Paolis
Roberto Zandonella
Mario Armano
 Austria (AUT)[23]
Erwin Thaler
Reinhold Durnthaler
Herbert Gruber
Josef Eder
 Switzerland (SUI)[24]
Jean Wicki
Hans Candrian
Willi Hofmann
Walter Graf
1972 Sapporo
details
 
Werner Carmichel
 Italy (ITA)[26]
Nevio de Zordo
Gianni Bonichon
Adriano Frassinelli
Corrado dal Fabbro
 West Germany (FRG)[27]
Wolfgang Zimmerer
Peter Utzschneider
Stefan Gaisreiter
Walter Steinbauer
1976 Innsbruck
details
 East Germany (GDR)[28]
Meinhard Nehmer
Jochen Babock
Bernhard Germeshausen
Bernhard Lehmann
 Switzerland (SUI)[29]
Erich Schärer
Ulrich Bächli
Rudolf Marti
Joseph Benz
 West Germany (FRG)[30]
Wolfgang Zimmerer
Peter Utzschneider
Bodo Bittner
Manfred Schumann
1980 Lake Placid
details
   Switzerland (SUI)[32]
Erich Schärer
Ulrich Bächli
Rudolf Marti
Joseph Benz
 East Germany (GDR)[31]
Horst Schönau
Roland Wetzig
Detlef Richter
Andreas Kirchner
1984 Sarajevo
details
 East Germany (GDR)[33]
Wolfgang Hoppe
Roland Wetzig
Dietmar Schauerhammer
Andreas Kirchner
   Switzerland (SUI)[34]
Silvio Giobellina
Heinz Stettler
Urs Salzmann
Rico Freiermuth
1988 Calgary
details
 
Werner Stocker
 
Bogdan Musiol
Ingo Voge
 
Vladimir Koslov
1992 Albertville
details
 Austria (AUT)[38]
Ingo Appelt
Harald Winkler
Gerhard Haidacher
Thomas Schroll
   Switzerland (SUI)[40]
Gustav Weder
Donat Acklin
Lorenz Schindelholz
Curdin Morell
1994 Lillehammer
details
 Germany (GER)[41]
Harald Czudaj
Karsten Brannasch
Olaf Hampel
Alexander Szelig
 Switzerland (SUI)[42]
Gustav Weder
Donat Acklin
Kurt Meier
Domenico Semeraro
 Germany (GER)[41]
Wolfgang Hoppe
Ulf Hielscher
René Hannemann
Carsten Embach
1998 Nagano
details
 Germany (GER)
Christoph Langen
Markus Zimmermann
Marco Jakobs
Olaf Hampel[43]
   France (FRA)
Bruno Mingeon
Emmanuel Hostache
Éric Le Chanony
Max Robert[45]
 Great Britain (GBR)
Sean Olsson
Dean Ward
Courtney Rumbolt
Paul Attwood[46]
2002 Salt Lake City
details
 Germany (GER)
André Lange
Enrico Kühn
Kevin Kuske
Carsten Embach[47]
   United States (USA)
Brian Shimer
Mike Kohn
Doug Sharp
Dan Steele[48]
2006 Turin
details
 Germany (GER)
André Lange
René Hoppe
Kevin Kuske
Martin Putze[49]
 Russia (RUS)
Alexey Voyevoda
Alexei Seliverstov
Filipp Yegorov
Alexandr Zubkov[50]
 
2010 Vancouver
details
 
Curt Tomasevicz
Justin Olsen[52]
 Germany (GER)
André Lange
Kevin Kuske
Alexander Rödiger
Martin Putze[53]
 Canada (CAN)
Lyndon Rush
David Bissett
Lascelles Brown
Chris le Bihan[54]
2014 Sochi
details
vacant  Latvia (LAT)
Oskars Melbārdis
Arvis Vilkaste
Daumants Dreiškens
Jānis Strenga
 United States (USA)
Steven Holcomb
Steven Langton
Curtis Tomasevicz
Christopher Fogt
2018 Pyeongchang
details

Two man

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1932 Lake Placid
details
 Hubert Stevens
and Curtis Stevens (USA)[7]
 Reto Capadrutt
and Oscar Geier (SUI)[55]
 John Heaton
and Robert Minton (USA)[7]
1936 Garmisch-
Partenkirchen

details
 Ivan Brown
and Alan Washbond (USA)[56]
 Fritz Feierabend
and Joseph Beerli (SUI)[9]
 Gilbert Colgate
and Richard Lawrence (USA)[56]
1948 St. Moritz
details
 Felix Endrich
and Friedrich Waller (SUI)[57]
 Fritz Feierabend
and Paul Eberhard (SUI)[57]
 Frederick Fortune
and Schuyler Carron (USA)[11]
1952 Oslo
details
 Andreas Ostler
and Lorenz Nieberl (GER)[13]
 Stanley Benham
and Patrick Martin (USA)[14]
 Fritz Feierabend
and Stephan Waser (SUI)[15]
1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo
details
 
Giacomo Conti (ITA)[17]
 Eugenio Monti
and Renzo Alverà (ITA)[17]
 Max Angst
and Harry Warburton (SUI)[16]
1960 Squaw Valley not competed at these Games
1964 Innsbruck
details
 
Anthony Nash
and Robin Dixon (GBR
)
 Sergio Zardini
and Romano Bonagura (ITA)
 Eugenio Monti
and Sergio Siorpaes (ITA)
1968 Grenoble
details
 Eugenio Monti
and Luciano de Paolis (ITA)
 Horst Floth
and Pepi Bader (FRG)
 
Ion Panţuru
and Nicolae Neagoe (ROU
)
1972 Sapporo
details
 Wolfgang Zimmerer
and Peter Utzschneider (FRG)
 Horst Floth
and Pepi Bader (FRG)
 Jean Wicki
and Edy Hubacher (SUI)
1976 Innsbruck
details
 Meinhard Nehmer
and Bernhard Germeshausen (GDR)
 Wolfgang Zimmerer
and Manfred Schumann (FRG)
 Erich Schärer
and Joseph Benz (SUI)
1980 Lake Placid
details
 Erich Schärer
and Joseph Benz (SUI)
 Bernhard Germeshausen
and Hans-Jürgen Gerhardt (GDR)
 
Bogdan Musiol (GDR
)
1984 Sarajevo
details
 Wolfgang Hoppe
and Dietmar Schauerhammer (GDR)
 
Bogdan Musiol (GDR
)
 Zintis Ekmanis
and Vladimir Aleksandrov (URS)
1988 Calgary
details
 
Vladimir Koslov (URS
)
 
Bogdan Musiol (GDR
)
 Bernhard Lehmann
and Mario Hoyer (GDR)
1992 Albertville
details
 Gustav Weder
and Donat Acklin (SUI)
 Rudolf Lochner
and Markus Zimmermann (GER)
 Christoph Langen
and Günther Eger (GER)
1994 Lillehammer
details
 Gustav Weder
and Donat Acklin (SUI)
 Reto Götschi
and Guido Acklin (SUI)
 Günther Huber
and Stefano Ticci (ITA)
1998 Nagano
details
 Pierre Lueders
and David MacEachern (CAN)
 Günther Huber
and Antonio Tartaglia (ITA)
None awarded  Christoph Langen
and Markus Zimmermann (GER)
2002 Salt Lake City
details
 Christoph Langen
and Markus Zimmermann (GER)
 Christian Reich
and Steve Anderhub (SUI)
 Martin Annen
and Beat Hefti (SUI)
2006 Turin
details
 Kevin Kuske
and André Lange (GER)
 Pierre Lueders
and Lascelles Brown (CAN)
 Martin Annen
and Beat Hefti (SUI)
2010 Vancouver
details
 Kevin Kuske
and André Lange (GER)
 Richard Adjei
and Thomas Florschütz (GER)
 Alexey Voyevoda
and Alexandr Zubkov (RUS)
2014 Sochi
details
vacant  
Alex Baumann
and Beat Hefti (SUI
)
 Steven Holcomb
and Steven Langton (USA)
2018 Pyeongchang
details

Two woman

Games Gold Silver Bronze
2002 Salt Lake City
details
 Jill Bakken
and Vonetta Flowers (USA)
 Sandra Prokoff
and Ulrike Holzner (GER)
 Susi Erdmann
and Nicole Herschmann (GER)
2006 Turin
details
 
Anja Schneiderheinze (GER
)
 Shauna Rohbock
and Valerie Fleming (USA)
 Gerda Weissensteiner
and Jennifer Isacco (ITA)
2010 Vancouver
details
 Kaillie Humphries
and Heather Moyse (CAN)
 Helen Upperton
and Shelley-Ann Brown (CAN)
 
Elana Meyers (USA
)
2014 Sochi
details
 Kaillie Humphries
and Heather Moyse (CAN)
 
Elana Meyers
and Lauryn Williams (USA
)
 Jamie Greubel
and Aja Evans (USA)
2018 Pyeongchang
details

Medals per year

× NOC did not exist or did not participate # Number of medals won by the NOC NOC did not win any medals
NOC 24 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 94 98 02 06 10 14 Total
 Austria (AUT) × 1 1 1 3
 Belgium (BEL) 1 1 × × 2
 Canada (CAN) × 1 1 1 3 1 7
 France (FRA) × 1 1
 East Germany (GDR) × × × × × × × × × × 2 4 4 3 × × × × × × × 13
 West Germany (FRG) × × × × × × × × × 1 3 2 × × × × × × × 6
 Germany (GER) × 1 1 × 2 × × × × × × × × × 3 2 2 4 3 3 21
 Great Britain (GBR) 1 1 × 1 1 4
 Italy (ITA) 3 × 3 2 1 1 1 1 12
 Latvia (LAT) × × × × × × × × × × × × 1 1
 Romania (ROU) × × 1 1
 Russia (RUS) × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × × 1 1 2 4
 Soviet Union (URS) × × × × × × × 1 2 × × × × × × × 3
 Switzerland (SUI) 1 1 3 2 2 2 × 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 31
 United States (USA) 2 4 2 3 2 1 × 3 1 2 4 24

See also

  • FIBT World Championships
  • List of Bobsleigh World Cup champions

References

General
  • "Results database". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  • "Bobsleigh: 2-Man Bobsled". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  • "Bobsleigh: Four-Man Bobsled". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  • "Bobsleigh: 2-Woman Bobsled". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  • "Olympic Review and Revue Olympique". LA84 Foundation. Archived from the original on 1 May 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
Specific
  1. ^ "Bobsleigh History". CBC Sports. Archived from the original on 11 July 2011. Retrieved 5 September 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1924 Chamonix Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  3. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Great Britain Bobsleigh at the 1924 Chamonix Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  4. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Belgium Bobsleigh at the 1924 Chamonix Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  5. ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "United States Bobsleigh at the 1928 Sankt Moritz Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  6. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Germany Bobsleigh at the 1928 Sankt Moritz Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  7. ^ a b c d Kubatko, Justin. "United States Bobsleigh at the 1932 Lake Placid Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  8. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Germany Bobsleigh at the 1932 Lake Placid Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  9. ^ a b c Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  10. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Great Britain Bobsleigh at the 1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  11. ^ a b c Kubatko, Justin. "United States Bobsleigh at the 1948 Sankt Moritz Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  12. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Belgium Bobsleigh at the 1948 Sankt Moritz Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  13. ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "Germany Bobsleigh at the 1952 Oslo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  14. ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "United States Bobsleigh at the 1952 Oslo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  15. ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1952 Oslo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  16. ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  17. ^ a b c Kubatko, Justin. "Italy Bobsleigh at the 1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  18. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "United States Bobsleigh at the 1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  19. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Canada Bobsleigh at the 1964 Innsbruck Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  20. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Austria Bobsleigh at the 1964 Innsbruck Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  21. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Italy Bobsleigh at the 1964 Innsbruck Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  22. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Italy Bobsleigh at the 1968 Grenoble Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  23. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Austria Bobsleigh at the 1968 Grenoble Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  24. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1968 Grenoble Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  25. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1972 Sapporo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  26. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Italy Bobsleigh at the 1972 Sapporo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  27. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "West Germany Bobsleigh at the 1972 Sapporo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  28. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "East Germany Bobsleigh at the 1976 Innsbruck Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  29. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1976 Innsbruck Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  30. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "West Germany Bobsleigh at the 1976 Innsbruck Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  31. ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "East Germany Bobsleigh at the 1980 Lake Placid Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  32. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1980 Lake Placid Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  33. ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "East Germany Bobsleigh at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  34. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  35. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1988 Calgary Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  36. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "East Germany Bobsleigh at the 1988 Calgary Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  37. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Soviet Union Bobsleigh at the 1988 Calgary Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  38. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Austria Bobsleigh at the 1992 Albertville Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  39. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Germany Bobsleigh at the 1992 Albertville Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  40. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1992 Albertville Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  41. ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "Germany Bobsleigh at the 1994 Lillehammer Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  42. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1994 Lillehammer Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  43. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Germany Bobsleigh at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  44. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  45. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "France Bobsleigh at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  46. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Great Britain Bobsleigh at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  47. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Germany Bobsleigh at the 2002 Salt Lake City Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  48. ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "United States Bobsleigh at the 2002 Salt Lake City Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  49. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Germany Bobsleigh at the 2006 Torino Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  50. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Russia Bobsleigh at the 2006 Torino Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  51. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 2006 Torino Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  52. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "United States Bobsleigh at the 2010 Vancouver Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  53. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Germany Bobsleigh at the 2010 Vancouver Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  54. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Canada Bobsleigh at the 2010 Vancouver Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  55. ^ Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1932 Lake Placid Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  56. ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "United States Bobsleigh at the 1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  57. ^ a b Kubatko, Justin. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1948 Sankt Moritz Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 5 August 2011.