International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation
Sport | Bobsleigh and skeleton |
---|---|
Jurisdiction | International |
Founded | 23 November 1923 |
Headquarters | Lausanne, Switzerland |
President | Ivo Ferriani (2010–present) |
Replaced | Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing (FIBT) |
Official website | |
www |
The International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation (IBSF) is the international sports federation for the sliding sports of Bobsleigh and Skeleton. It was founded on 23 November 1923 by the delegates of Great Britain, France, Switzerland, Canada, and the United States at the meeting of their first International Congress in Paris, France. In June 2015, it announced a name change from FIBT to IBSF. The federation's headquarters are in Lausanne, Switzerland.[1]
The IBSF works closely with the IOC to conduct Winter Olympics every four years. Along with the Winter Olympics, the IBSF hosts World Championships the other three years. The races are hosted on tracks in North America, Europe, and Asia. The tracks are shared with the sport of Luge, although that is managed under a different governing body, the International Luge Federation.
History of Bobsleigh
The world's first bobsleigh club was founded in
Because of the growing weight issue at the
History of Skeleton
Skeleton was also founded in Switzerland in 1884 as part of the
At the 1954 IOC meeting in Athens, Greece, skeleton was replaced by luge on the official Olympic program. This caused skeleton to fall into obscurity until the development of a "bobsleigh skeleton" which could be used on any bobsleigh track in 1970. The development of artificial tracks would also help the rebirth of skeleton as a sport.
The first European Championship was held in 1982 at
IBSF Competitions and Disciplines
The IBSF governs competitions on all bobsleigh and skeleton events at the European Cup, North American Cup, World Cup, and Winter Olympic levels.
Men compete in 2-man and 4-man bobsled, while women compete in 2-man and mono-bob. In each discipline there is an athlete that sits up front and controls the bobsled using the rings and ropes the steer the runners. This athlete is referred to as the Pilot or Driver. In 2-man and 4-man, any athlete other than the driver assists in the acceleration of the bobsled at the start and then does not contribute to the steering once they hop in. The rear-most athlete is referred to as the Brakeman and pulls the brakes in the bobsled once the run is complete and the sled has crossed the finish line. In mono-bob, the Driver and the Brakeman are the same person.
In skeleton there is just one athlete that pushes the sled before riding the sled face down through the same track as bobsleds. Similar to bobsled, there are weight minimums and also weight maximums placed on athletes. This weight is the sum of the athlete and their sled.
IBSF Tracks
Tracks are located in three continents; Europe, North America, and Asia. Annually, there are three different racing circuits athletes can compete on, with two of them (The North American Cup and the European Cup) being development level, while the World Cup is the top level of competition. Below is a current list of IBSF Tracks:
Country | Track | Length (m) | Vertical Drop (m) | Average Grade (%) | Maximum Grade (%) | Number of Curves | Winter Olympics | Year Completed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | Igls[3] | 1,228 | 124 | 9.0 | 18.0 | 14 | 1964, 1976 | 1963 |
Imst[4] | 1,000.9 | 124.8 | 12.48 | 1958 | ||||
Canada | Whistler[5] | 1,450 | 148 | 9.0 | 20.0 | 16 | 2010 | 2007 |
China | Yanqing[6]
|
1975 | 121 | 6.0 | 18.0 | 16 | 2022 | 2020[7] |
France | La Plagne[8] | 1507.5 | 124 | 8.0 | 14.0 | 19 | 1992 | 1990 |
Germany | Altenberg[9][10] | 1,413 | 122.22 | 8.66 | 15.0 | 17 | 1983 | |
Königssee[11] | 1,251.2 | 120 | 9.0 | 10.35 | 13 / 12 | 1968 | ||
Oberhof[12] | 1,069.70 | 96.37 | 9.2 | 36.4 | 15 | 1971 | ||
Winterberg[13] | 1,330 | 110 | 9.8 | 15.0 | 14 | 1977 | ||
Japan | Nagano | 1,360 | 113 | 8.64 | 14 | 1998 | 1997 | |
Korea, Rep. | Pyeongchang[14] | 1,376.38 | 116.32 | 9.48 | 25.0 | 16 | 2018 | 2016 |
Latvia | Sigulda[15] | 1,200 | 99 | 8.0 | 9.3 | 16 | 1986 | |
Norway | Lillehammer[16] | 1,365 | 114.3 | 8.0 | 15.0 | 16 | 1994 | 1992 |
Russia | Sochi[17] | 1,500 | 124 | 20.0 | 22.0 | 19 | 2014 | 2013 |
Switzerland | St. Moritz[18] | 1,722 | 130 | 8.14 | 15.0 | 19 | 1928, 1948 | 1903 |
United States | Lake Placid[19] | 1,455 | 128 | 9.8 | 20.0 | 20 | 1932, 1980 | 1930 |
Park City[20] | 1,335 | 103.9 | 8.1 | 15.0 | 15 | 2002 | 1997 |
Presidents
The following persons have served as president of IBSF:
- Count Renaud de la Frégeolière (1886–1981) of France; served 1923–1960
- Almicare Rotta(1911–1981) of Italy; served 1960–1980
- Klaus Kotter (1934–2010) from West Germany/Germany; served 1980–1994
- Robert H. Storey (born 1942) from Canada; served 1994–2010
- Ivo Ferriani (born 1960) from Italy; served since 2010
Championships
- IBSF World Championships
- IBSF Para Sport World Championship
- IBSF European Championships
- IBSF Junior World Championships
- Bobsleigh World Cup
- North American Cup
- Skeleton World Cup
- European Cup
- Bobsleigh at the Winter Olympics
- Skeleton at the Winter Olympics
References
- ^ "Organization". IBSF.org. International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation. Archived from the original on 2015-06-14.
- ^ a b c "IBSF | IBSF History". www.ibsf.org. Retrieved 2023-09-29.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-04-11. Archived from the original on 2021-04-11. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "F.I.L. 2015-2016 Events Schedule, Artificial Track Luge, National Competitions with International Participation" (PDF). FÉDÉRATION INTERNATIONALE DE LUGE DE COURSE. Retrieved 2016-01-22.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-01-16. Archived from the original on 2021-01-16. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-02-09. Archived from the original on 2021-02-09. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "Pre-homologation test runs at YanQing Olympic Sliding Center successfully finished". 2021-06-28. Archived from the original on 2021-06-28. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-01-16. Archived from the original on 2021-01-16. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "Rennschlitten- und Bobbahn Altenberg - Bahninfo, Geschichte und Technik". Bobbahn-altenberg.de. Retrieved 2014-02-17.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-01-16. Archived from the original on 2021-01-16. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-01-20. Archived from the original on 2021-01-20. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-01-16. Archived from the original on 2021-01-16. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-01-16. Archived from the original on 2021-01-16. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-04-11. Archived from the original on 2021-04-11. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-01-16. Archived from the original on 2021-01-16. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-01-20. Archived from the original on 2021-01-20. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-01-16. Archived from the original on 2021-01-16. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-04-11. Archived from the original on 2021-04-11. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-04-11. Archived from the original on 2021-04-11. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ^ "IBSF | Tracks". 2021-01-16. Archived from the original on 2021-01-16. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
External links
- Official website
- FIBT.com (former website) at the Wayback Machine (archived March 15, 2015)