Svyatoslav Fyodorov
Svyatoslav Fyodorov | |
---|---|
Святослав Фёдоров | |
Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union | |
Died | June 2, 2000 Moscow, Russia | (aged 72)
Education | Rostov Medical Institute |
Known for | Creating radial keratotomy, scleroplasty and intraocular lens replacement |
Medical career | |
Profession | Surgeon and politician |
Institutions | Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Complex |
Sub-specialties | Ophthalmology, eye surgery |
Awards | Lomonosov Gold Medal (1986) |
Svyatoslav Nikolayevich Fyodorov (
Life and career
Fyodorov was born in Proskurov,
Cataract surgery
In the 1960s he studied the pioneering work of the English ophthalmic surgeon Sir Harold Ridley, the inventor of the intraocular lens (IOL). Fyodorov began to use Ridley's intraocular lenses in his treatment of cataract. At first he used lenses manufactured by the Rayner company in England but he quickly moved to have his lenses manufactured inside the Soviet Union.[1]
Refractive surgery
In the 1970s he developed the surgical technique he is most famous for, the
Politics
In the 1980s through the early 1990s, Fyodorov called for repeal of the Soviet Union's one-party system while still a member of the Communist Party.[4]
Fyodorov was a member of the Congress of People's Deputies from 1989 to 1991.
In 1991 he rejected an offer by Boris Yeltsin to become Russia's premier.[4]
Considered one of the Soviet Union's first highly successful practicing capitalists, he was a proponent for the
In 1992 he became the co-chairman of the Party of Economic Freedom, an early liberal party.[4]
Fyodorov was elected to the lower house of the Russian parliament, the State Duma, in 1995, the chairman of his own small party.[4]
Considered to be on the center-left of the Russian political spectrum, Fyodorov was the founder and leader of the Party of Workers' Self-Government, which was one of the most influential social-democratic movements in Russia during the 1990s.[6][7]
In 1994 Fyodorov had described his political objective by stating, "I want peasants to own farms, workers to own factories, physicians to own clinics, and everyone to pay a 30% tax, and the rest is theirs."[7]
Presidential campaign
Fyodorov ran as the candidate of the Party of Workers' Self-Government in the 1996 Russian presidential election[7]
As a presidential candidate, Fyodorov advocated for the mass creation of joint stock companies to guarantee workers a share of profits and allow them to actively participate in management of their companies. He dubbed this concept "democratic capitalism" or "popular socialism".[7] Fyodorov advocated for economic freedom, simple and moderate taxation, stimulation of production, and a ban on exports of most raw materials.[7] Fyodorov promised that his policies would double the nation's GDP within five years.[8] Fyodorov proclaimed to draw inspiration in his politics from both Ross Perot and Deng Xiaoping.[7]
Up until early May, Fyodorov unsuccessfully attempted to negotiate the creation of
Death
Returning from an academic conference in 2000, Fyodorov died in a crash of his clinic's four-seater helicopter on the outskirts of Moscow.
Reception and legacy
In 2013, a profile of Dr. Fyodorov was included in a book called Saving Sight: An eye surgeon's look at life behind the mask and the heroes who changed the way we see, by Andrew Lam, M.D.[10]
See also
References
- ISBN 1-55642-786-7.
- ^ "Fyodorov Svyatoslav Nikolayevich".
- ^ Spencer P. Thornton,MD, Clinical Professor, Dept of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN
- ^ a b c d e Kishkovsky, Sophia (4 June 2000). "Svyatoslav Fyodorov, 72, Eye Surgery Pioneer". The New York Times.
- ^ a b c Yasmann, Victor (June 13, 1991). "FEDOROV: "REVIVED RUSSIA WILL SURPASS US AND JAPAN"". www.friends-partners.org. Radio Free Europe/ Radio Liberty. Archived from the original on September 23, 2018. Retrieved September 23, 2018.
- ^ Solovei, Valery (1996). "Strategies of the Main Presidential Candidates" (PDF). Retrieved July 24, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f "Svyatoslav Fedorov". www.cs.ccsu.edu. CCSU. 1996. Retrieved July 28, 2018.
- ^ "Russian Election Watch, February 9, 1996". February 9, 1996. Archived from the original on 2000-01-29. Retrieved 2018-01-01.
- ISBN 9780817995027.
- ^ Lam, Andrew. Saving Sight: An eye surgeon's look at life behind the mask and the heroes who changed the way we see (978-1617203794) Bokeelia, FL; Irie Books, 2013.