Terrorism in the Philippines

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

communist rebellion.[1] The country ranks in 18th place on the Global Terrorism Index's 2023 list of countries most affected by terrorism.[2]

Overview

Since the late 1960s, terrorism has become a major problem in the Philippines.

Drug trafficking, Extortion, Mass murder, Assassination and other types of attack. Terrorist groups like Abu Sayyaf, the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters and Jemaah Islamiyah mostly operate in the Southern Philippines.[5] The New People's Army
maintains a wider range of operations across the country and launches attacks albeit on a lesser intensity than other rebel movements.

Following the

War on Terror[6] During George W. Bush’s presidency, the U.S sent foreign aid and American troops in Mindanao to assist in counterinsurgency operations as part of Operation Enduring Freedom in the Philippines. The Siege of Marawi ended in the deaths of several terrorist leaders and reduction of Islamic State
presence in the Philippines.

Legal aspects

According to Philippine laws, terrorism is a crime under the

Basilan provincial court.[9] The law's weaknesses was cited by Senator Panfilo Lacson, who called the law a "dead letter law" for being "severely underutilized".[10]

On 3 July 2020, President Rodrigo Duterte signed into law Republic Act 11479, better known as the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020. This replaced the Human Security Act and revised and expanded the definition of terror offenses.[11] Rights groups criticized the law, calling it "draconian", and filed a case on its constitutionality to the Supreme Court; the Court upheld the law on 26 April 2022[12] but struck down provisions allowing the anti-terror council (ATC) to designate a person or a group as terrorists based on a request by another country[13] and a vague definition of terrorist acts that was deemed too "overbroad and violative of freedom of expression."[14]

Through the ATC, the Philippine government has designated individuals and organizations linked to the group as "terrorists".[15] On 21 September 2022, an petition filed by the Philippine government in 2018 to declare the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) and its armed wing, the New People's Army (NPA) as terrorist organizations citing the Human Security Act was denied by the Manila Regional Trial Court, which ruled that the groups were not organized for terrorism and their resort to armed guerrilla warfare was only a means to achieve their purpose. It also cited the absence of a law that banned membership in communist groups.[16]

Recent trends

Since January 2000

Britain during the same period.[17]

street markets, have been targets, however large-scale abductions and shootings have also been carried out by these groups, predominantly by the Abu Sayyaf and the Rajah Solaiman Movement.[18]

Under the

assassination of Negros Oriental Governor Roel Degamo in March. This was the first time the council designated an elected official as a terrorist.[21]

List of terrorist incidents

Main article: List of terrorist incidents in the Philippines

See also

References

  1. JSTOR 26984797
    .
  2. ^ "Global Terrorism Index 2023: Measuring the Impact of Terrorism" (PDF). Vision of Humanity. Sydney: Institute for Economics and Peace. March 2023. p. 10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2023. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
  3. ^ Joy Arellano, Clarisa. "EFFECT OF TERRORISM ON EMPLOYMENT AND RISE PRODUCTION IN THE PHILIPPINES" (PDF).
  4. JSTOR 26798580
    .
  5. ^ "Terrorism - Philippines travel advice". GOV.UK. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
  6. JSTOR 20033240
    .
  7. ^ National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism. (2016). Global Terrorism Database (globalterrorismdb_0616dist.xlsx Archived 10 July 2016 at the Wayback Machine). Retrieved from https://www.start.umd.edu/gtd University of Maryland
  8. ^ National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism. (2016). Global Terrorism Database (gtd1993_0616dist.xlsx Archived 10 July 2016 at the Wayback Machine). Retrieved from https://www.start.umd.edu/gtd University of Maryland
  9. ^ "Philippine court designates Abu Sayyaf a terrorist group". Sun Star. 11 September 2015. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  10. ^ Moaje, Marita (17 June 2020). "Lacson, Esperon cite weaknesses of Human Security Act". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on 12 July 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
  11. ^ "Philippines: Dangerous anti-terror law yet another setback for human rights". Amnesty International. 3 July 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  12. ^ "Supreme Court upholds with finality most of anti-terror law". Rappler. 26 April 2022. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  13. ^ "SC voids anti-terror law power to designate terrorists based on other country's request". Rappler. 9 December 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  14. ^ "Supreme Court voids anti-terror law's 'killer' caveat on 'harmful' dissent". Rappler. 9 December 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  15. ^ Pulta, Benjamin (13 July 2023). "ATC designates 6 alleged CPP-NPA members as 'terrorists'". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  16. ^ Maitem, Jeoffrey (22 September 2022). "Philippine court junks govt petition to designate communist party as terrorist group". Benar News. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  17. ^ a b Human Rights Watch Lives Destroyed: Attacks on Civilians in the Philippines. July 2007
  18. ^ a b Carlos H. Conde, The New York Times 400 killed by terrorism in Philippines since 2000, report says 30 July 2007
  19. ISSN 0048-3796. Retrieved 20 September 2023. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help
    )
  20. ^ "Gov't designates 4 Cordillera IP activists as 'terrorists'". CNN Philippines. 11 July 2023. Archived from the original on 26 July 2023. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  21. ^ "Anti-Terrorism Council defends tagging Teves as terrorist". Rappler. 1 August 2023.
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