Théodore Monod

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Théodore Monod
Born(1902-04-09)9 April 1902
Rouen, Normandy, France
Died22 November 2000(2000-11-22) (aged 98)
Versailles, Yvelines, France

Théodore André Monod (9 April 1902 – 22 November 2000) was a French naturalist, humanist, scholar and explorer.

Exploration

Monod was educated at

Muséum national d'histoire naturelle and founded the Institut fondamental d’Afrique noire in Senegal. He became a member of the Académie des sciences d'outre-mer in 1949, member of the Académie de marine in 1957 and member of the Académie des sciences in 1963. In 1960, he became one of the founders of the World Academy of Art and Science
.

He began his career in Africa with the study of monk seals on Mauritania's Cap Blanc peninsula. However, he soon turned his attention to the Sahara desert, which he would survey for more than sixty years in search of meteorites. Though he failed to find the meteorite he sought, he discovered numerous plant species as well as several important Neolithic sites. Perhaps his most important find (together with Wladimir Besnard) was the Asselar man, a 6,000-year-old skeleton of the Adrar des Ifoghas that many scholars believe to be the first remains of a distinctly black person. In the early 1960s he discovered the caravan wreck site at Ma'adin Ijafen.[3][4]

Private life and activism

Monod, the son of

Francophone Unitarian Association (1986-1990), the first openly Unitarian religious organization established in France and later sponsored a spin-off of the AUF known as the Fraternal Assembly of Christian Unitarians
.

Monod was also politically active, taking part in

pacifist and antinuclear protests until only some months before his death. He wrote several articles and books that adumbrated the emerging environmentalist movement. He described himself as a Christian anarchist.[6]

In 1970, he led an International Committee for the Defence of Ernest Ouandié during his trial. The Cameroonian revolutionary was executed on the orders of the regime.

Monod was the great-grandson of Frédéric Monod. He shared a common ancestor with biologist Jacques Monod, the musician Jacques-Louis Monod, the politician Jérôme Monod and director Jean-Luc Godard.

Monod was a strict vegetarian who advocated for animal rights.[6] He never touched alcohol, meat or tobacco.[2] He once walked 600 miles in the Sahara to prove that he had sufficient stamina without eating meat.[6]

Scientific work

The scientific bibliography of Théodore Monod includes more than 700 works on topics – from his thesis subject, the Gnathiidae (a family of parasitic Isopoda), to the subject that he held close to his heart until his death: the Scaridae, which he published on in 1994 in collaboration with Canadian research scientist Andrea Bullock.

Monod discovered and gave his name to 30 species of insects and plants, 50 crustaceans and several fish.[6]

Selected works

Works re-edited and released by Actes Sud (Arles):

  • Méharées, (Paris, 1937), rééd. 1989.
  • L'Émeraude des garamantes, (éditions de L'Harmattan, Paris, 1984), rééd. 1992.
  • L'Hippopotame et le philosophe, rééd. 1993.
  • Désert lybique, éditions Arthaud, 1994.
  • Majâbat Al-Koubrâ, Actes Sud, 1996.
  • Maxence au désert, Actes Sud, Arles, 1995.
  • Tais-toi et marche ..., exploration journal from El Ghallaouya-Aratane-Chinguetti, Actes Sud, 2002.

Awards

Authority name

The standard author abbreviation Monod is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.[8]

See also

References

  • This article began as a translation of the corresponding article at the French Wikipedia, accessed 17 December 2005.
  1. ^ "Théodore Monod (1902-2000)". museeprotestant.org. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
  2. ^ a b "Theodore Monod, Sahara-Loving Naturalist, Dies at 98". nytimes.com. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
  3. ISBN 9780299096045
    .
  4. S2CID 165759202
    .
  5. ^ Lycée Pierre Corneille de Rouen - History
  6. ^ a b c d "Theodore Monod obituary". The Daily Telegraph. London. 24 November 2000.
  7. ^ "List of Past Gold Medal Winners" (PDF). Royal Geographical Society. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  8. ^ International Plant Names Index.  Monod.

External links

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