The Disinherited (group)

The Disinherited
The Disinherited
Los Desheredados
Leader	No leader
Dates of operation	September 26, 1882–1885
Split from	Far-left
Opponents	Spain

The Disinherited (Spanish: Los Desheredados) was a Spanish clandestine anarchist group that defended the use of violence framed in the doctrine of propaganda of the deed.

History

After the celebration in September 1882 of the

anarcho-collectivist line which defended of legal and public action, were expelled. These, among whom were Miguel Rubio, Francisco Gago, Pedro José Durán, Manuel Oca, Rafael Romero, Andrés Barbadilla, José Rachel, Ricardo Arana, José Ponce and Antonio Bonilla, constituted a new federation under the name of Los Desheredados. In their press organ The Social Revolution they would denounce three years later that the Federal Commission had concealed the agreement of the London Congress of 1881 favorable to "propaganda of the deed", and had led the FTRE "as if by the charm of the revolutionary terrain to legalism".^[1]^[2]

The expelled held a congress at the end of 1882, and then two more in Seville (1883) and in Cádiz (1884) —the latter, the FTRE called a "congress of the disturbers".^[2] It was in the Seville Congress that they consolidated how they organized, starting from then on their expansion, as told by The Social Revolution in its April 1885 issue, in which reference was also made to the affair of the Black Hand harshly criticizing the position adopted by the FTRE Federal Commission, accusing it of being an accomplice of the bourgeoisie, thus reflecting the rupture that had occurred within the Spanish anarchism:^[3]

As a consequence of the right spirit of that congress, the organization was developing in an extraordinary way, despite the bad means put into play by the federal commission appointed in the Seville public congress; the one to represent the comedy of the Black Hand in Andalusia, chose in it a characteristic role, that of "Slanderer".
It found the occasion (in union with the bourgeoisie) of "knowingly" confusing the workers who were in agreement with its procedures, with certain individual facts that occurred between organized workers belonging to the Spanish Regional Federation; to those who, after having flattered them repeatedly in their acts of ignorance, and eating the pennies that those wretches sent them, had no problem slandering them and betraying them to the bourgeoisie, in the terrible days of revenge.

Its scope of action was the provinces of

anarcho-communist definition, but at least at the beginning they continued to be collectivist partisans. "It seems that we will have to wait until the middle of 1885 for anarcho-communism, which was later called libertarian communism, to finally begin to take shape."^[5]

According to Josep Termes, "they presented themselves as heirs of the

authoritarian.”^[5]

The persecution of the Andalusian anarchists as a consequence of the Mano Negra affair also affected Los Desinherdados, starting their decline thereafter.^[2]

According to Miguel Iñiguez, "the split of Los Desheredados confirmed the fragile unity of the FTRE and that there was a current contrary to circumstantial compromises and favorable to insurrectionary policy, for which the FTRE did not take into consideration the desperate situation of the proletariat Andalusian peasant".^[2]