Titan Tornado
Titan Tornado | |
---|---|
Tornado II | |
Role | Kit aircraft
|
National origin | United States |
Manufacturer | Titan Aircraft |
Introduction | 1994 |
Status | In production |
Produced | 1994–present |
Developed from | Earthstar Thunder Gull J
|
The Titan Tornado is large family of cantilever
kit aircraft manufactured by Titan Aircraft of Austinburg, Ohio, for amateur construction.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
Design and development
The first in the Tornado series, the Tornado 103, which started development in 1990, was introduced in 1994 and designed to fit into the US
FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles category, meeting the 254 lb (115 kg) empty weight limit. If equipped with a light enough engine the Tornado 103 could qualify as a US ultralight.[1][3]
The Tornado borrows from the design of the
tricycle undercarriage with a supplemental tailwheel castor, as the aircraft sits on its tail when unoccupied.[1][3]
Operational history
The Tornado 103 was named Ultralight Grand Champion at Sun 'n Fun 1994.[4]
Variants
- Tornado 103
- The first version, a single seater, intended for the US ultralight category with a 20 ft (6.1 m) wingspan. Standard engine was the 28 hp (21 kW) Rotax 277. No longer in production. Reported construction time is 300 hours. Ten were reported flying in 1998.[1][3][4]
- Tornado Sport
- Improved single seater version intended for the US homebuilt category with a 20 ft (6.1 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 52 hp (39 kW) Rotax 503. No longer in production. Reported construction time is 300 hours. 89 were reported flying in 1999.[3][4][5]
- Tornado MG
- Single seater version intended for the US homebuilt category, with a 26 ft (7.9 m) wingspan. The wing is detachable for storage or transport. Standard engine is the 40 hp (30 kW)
- Tornado I
- Improved version of the Tornado Sport, intended for the US homebuilt category or light-sport aircraft category as its standard empty weight is 375 lb (170 kg). Standard engine is the 52 hp (39 kW) Rotax 503. Still in production.[2][10]
- Tornado I Sport
- Single seat version, intended for the US homebuilt category as its standard empty weight is 320 lb (145 kg). Standard engine is the 52 hp (39 kW) Rotax 503. No longer in production. 180 were reported flying in 2011.[6][7][8][9][11]
- Tornado II
- Two seats in
- Tornado II Trainer
- Two seats in tandem version, intended for the previous US ultralight trainer category. It has a 23.5 ft (7.2 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 64 hp (48 kW) Rotax 582. Acceptable power range is 52 to 80 hp (39 to 60 kW). No longer in production. Reported construction time is 350 hours. 510 were reported flying in 2011.[4][5][6][7][8][9][11]
- Tornado II Sport
- Two seats in tandem version, intended for the US homebuilt category. It has a 23.5 ft (7.2 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 80 hp (60 kW)
- Tornado II 912
- Two seats in tandem version, intended for the US homebuilt category. It has a 23.5 ft (7.2 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 80 hp (60 kW) Rotax 912 and cruise speed is 120 mph (193 km/h) with that engine. Acceptable power range is 52 to 80 hp (39 to 60 kW). No longer in production. 145 were reported flying in 1999.[6]
- Tornado II FP
- Two seats in tandem amphibious floatplane version, intended for the US homebuilt category with a 23.5 ft (7.2 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 74 hp (55 kW) Rotax 618 and cruise speed is 105 mph (169 km/h) with that engine. Out of production. Reported construction time is 350 hours. Twelve were reported flying in 2001.[3][4][6]
- Tornado MG II
- Two seats in tandem version, with a 26 ft (7.9 m) wingspan. The wing is detachable for storage or transport. Standard engine is the 40 hp (30 kW) Rotax 447 and the acceptable power range is 40 to 80 hp (30 to 60 kW). No longer in production. Reported construction time is 400 hours. Eight were reported flying in 2001.[4][5][6]
- Tornado S
- Two seats in tandem "stretched" fuselage version, intended for the US homebuilt and light-sport categories. It has a 23.5 ft (7.2 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 100 hp (75 kW) Rotax 912UL, 85 hp (63 kW) Jabiru 2200, or the 120 hp (89 kW) Jabiru 3300. Still in production. Reported construction time is 300 hours. 55 reported flying in 2011.[2][8][9][11]
- Tornado SS
- Two seats in tandem "super stretched" fuselage version, intended for the US homebuilt and light-sport categories. It features a longer and higher cockpit area with 4 in (10 cm) more headroom that the Tornado II along with a bigger rear door and a full-sized back seat. It has a 26 ft (7.9 m) wingspan. Acceptable power range is 80 to 120 hp (60 to 89 kW) and engines include the 80 hp (60 kW) Rotax 912ULS, 85 hp (63 kW) Jabiru 2200, or the 120 hp (89 kW) Jabiru 3300. Still in production. Twenty reported as flying in 2011.[2][9][11]
Specifications (Tornado 103)
Data from Cliche[1]
General characteristics
- Crew: one
- Length: 18 ft 6 in (5.64 m)
- Wingspan: 20 ft 0 in (6.10 m)
- Height: 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m)
- Empty weight: 250 lb (113 kg)
- Gross weight: 550 lb (249 kg)
- Fuel capacity: 5 US Gallons (19 litres)
- Powerplant: 1 × Rotax 277 single cylinder, two-stroke aircraft engine, 28 hp (21 kW)
- Propellers: 2-bladed wooden
Performance
- Cruise speed: 60 mph (97 km/h, 52 kn)
- Stall speed: 25 mph (40 km/h, 22 kn) flaps down
- Range: 120 mi (190 km, 100 nmi)
- Service ceiling: 10,000 ft (3,000 m)
- Rate of climb: 850 ft/min (4.3 m/s)
See also
Related development
- Earthstar Thunder Gull J
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
References
- ^ ISBN 0-9680628-1-4
- ^ a b c d e Titan Aircraft (2011). "Welcome to Titan Aircraft". Retrieved January 27, 2011.
- ^ ISBN 0-9636409-4-1
- ^ ISSN 0891-1851
- ^ ISSN 0891-1851
- ^ ISSN 0891-1851
- ^ ISSN 0891-1851
- ^ ISSN 0891-1851
- ^ ISSN 0891-1851
- ^ ISSN 1368-485X
- ^ ISSN 0891-1851
- ISBN 0-9680628-1-4
- ISSN 1368-485X
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Titan Tornado.