Triple play (telecommunications)

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Diagram showing connectivity for triple play customers over xDSL and CATV networks

In the field of

telecommunications, the concept of triple play service refers to the provision of three essential services — high-speed broadband Internet access, television, and latency-sensitive telephone services — all delivered over a single broadband connection.[1][2] This approach emphasizes the convergence
of multiple services by a single supplier, aiming to enhance user convenience and streamline service delivery.

Quadruple play

Main article: Quadruple play

A so-called quadruple play (or quad play) service integrates mobility as well, often by supporting

soft handoff
takes place automatically as many times as the caller enters or leaves the range.

CATV

By about 2000,

cable TV companies were in a technical position to offer triple play over one physical medium to a large number of their customers, as their networks already had sufficient bandwidth to carry hundreds of video channels. Cable's main competition for television in North America came from satellites, which could not compete for voice and interactive broadband due to the latency imposed by physical laws on a geosynchronous satellite—sometimes up to one full second of delay between speaking and being heard.[3] Cable's main competition for voice and Internet access came from telcos, which were not yet able to compete for television in most markets because DSL over most local loops
could not provide enough bandwidth.

As an interim marketing move while they installed

satellite TV providers to sell television, telephone, and Internet access services bundled
for billing purposes, although the services provided through a satellite link and the services provided through a phone line are not technically related. Telcos that own wireless phone networks also included those as part of such billing-only bundles because most cable companies do not own wireless networks.

Deployments

The first triple-play deployment was by the US operator Cox Communications in 1997, delivered via a Hybrid fiber-coaxial network using digital and analog TV set top boxes, digital telephony devices from Arris International, and a cable modem system from Motorola.[4]

Triple-play services in the United States are offered by

IEEE P1901
technology with its radically superior service and deployment characteristics for at least another decade or so.

Outside the United States, notably in

dark fiber is available reliably to homes at tariffed rates (in Switzerland four dark fibres are deployed to each home) supporting speeds in excess of 40 Gbit/s—only to the local caches, however, as backhaul
cannot typically support more than 10 Mbit/s connections to global services.

Since 2007, access providers in Italy have been participating in an initiative called Fiber for Italy, which aims to build an infrastructure that can deliver 100 Mbit/s symmetrical bandwidth to consumers, in order to enable the delivery of triple- and quad-play services.[5]

Other triple-play deployments include

Telekom Austria, and Telus
.

Regulation

There are multiple and intense regulatory battles over triple-play services, as incumbent telcos and incumbent cable operators attempt to keep out new competitors; since both industries historically have been regulated monopolies, regulatory capture has long been as much a core competency for them as have been prices and terms of service. Cable providers want to compete with telcos for local voice service, but want to discourage telcos from competing with them for television service. Incumbent telcos want to deliver television service but want to block competition for voice service from cable operators. Both industries cloak their demands for favorable regulatory treatment in claims that their positions favor the public interests.

In March 2007 cable operators scored a major victory when the

IPTV service until they got a cable license; AT&T said they would fight this decision in court.[8]

Telco

For telephone

hybrid fibre coaxial (HFC) to provide subscriber homes with broadband, but use the available coaxial cable rather than a twisted pair
for the last mile transmission standard. Subscriber homes can be in a residential environment, multi-dwelling units, or even in business offices.

Using DSL over twisted pair, television content is delivered using

IPTV where the content is streamed to the subscriber in an MPEG-2 transport format. On an HFC network, television may be a mixture of analog and digital television signals. A set-top box (STB) is used at the subscriber's home to allow the subscriber to control viewing and order new video services such as "movies on demand". Access to the Internet is provided through Asynchronous Transfer Mode or DOCSIS, typically provided as an Ethernet port to the subscriber. Voice service can be provided using a traditional plain old telephone service (POTS) interface as part of the legacy telephone network or can be delivered using voice over IP
(VoIP). In an HFC network, voice is delivered using VoIP.

Some service providers are also rolling out

fiber to the home, which support triple-play services and bypass the disadvantages of adapting broadband transmission to a legacy network. This is particularly common in greenfield developments where the capital expenditure
is reduced by deploying one network to deliver all services.

For existing

multiple-dwelling-unit (MDU) buildings, where running fiber to each unit may not be feasible, telcos often use VDSL to connect individual units over existing copper through a central optical network terminal located in the existing telco closet.[9]
Over such a short distance, DSL can deliver much higher bitrates than is possible running DSL over the local loop from the nearest central office (as is common with basic DSL).

Wireless

Triple play has led to the term "

CDMA and GSM standards, utilizing 3G, 4G, or UMTS allows the service operators to enter into quadruple play and gain competitive advantage against other providers. The grouping together of services (as triple or quadruple play) is called multi-play
.

Other advanced technologies such as

WiMax or 802.16
has allowed new market entrants to achieve triple play. Many speculate that this means serious, new competition for established providers of bundled telecommunications services.

Power integration

These services can be delivered with a

802.3at which rely on AC power at the PoE
hub), connecting them with only one cable each for both power and gigabit data cuts wiring costs, and most rooms are already wired for power.

Business

The challenges in offering triple play are mostly associated with determining the right business model,

backend processes, customer care support, and economic environment, rather than technology. For example, using the right billing platform to address a variety of subscriber demographics or having the appropriate subscriber density to financially justify introduction of the service are a few factors that affect decisions to offer triple play.[10]

In addition to the challenges mentioned above, there are a number of technical challenges with regards to the rollout of triple-play services. Voice, video, and high-speed data all have different characteristics and place different burdens on the network that provides access to these services. Voice services are greatly affected by jitter, whereas packet loss has a greater effect on video and data services. In order to use a shared network resource such as cable or DSL, the service provider may use network equipment that employs quality-of-service mechanisms to adjust to the requirements of the different services.

See also

References

  1. ^ "TecHome Builder". Builder Innovator. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  2. ^ "TriplePlay. Featured Solutions: Virtual Events & Live Webcast". TFNZ. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  3. ^ "Triple-Play in the USA: Infrastructure Pays Off". STL Partners. 2014-05-01. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  4. ^ "COX COMMUNICATIONS MARKS 10TH ANNIVERSARY OF VIDEO, TELEPHONE AND INTERNET BUNDLE". Newsroom | About Us | Cox Communications. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  5. ^ Fastweb to launch 100 Mbit/s | "Fastweb to launch 100 MBPS service through FTTH at Telecoms: Italy". Archived from the original on 2012-09-19. Retrieved 2012-09-19.
  6. ^ "FCC Orders Telcos to Support VoIP - Yahoo! News". news.yahoo.com. Archived from the original on 2007-03-05.
  7. ^ FCC Makes It Easier For Telcos To Offer TV Services, Information Week. Archived 2013-01-26(Date mismatch) at archive.today
  8. ^ http://www.courant.com/business/hc-att-1015,0,7352347.story?coll=hc_tab01_layout [bare URL][permanent dead link]
  9. ^ http://news.thomasnet.com/companystory/477946 "OSP Magazine - Home". Archived from the original on 2007-10-08. Retrieved 2007-02-16.
  10. ^ "Global Triple Play Services Industry (2020 to 2027) - Key Market Trends and Drivers". finance.yahoo.com. Retrieved 2022-03-31.

External links

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