Ty21a
Typhoid | |
Vaccine type | Attenuated |
---|---|
Clinical data | |
Trade names | Vivotif |
Routes of administration | Oral |
ATC code | |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Identifiers | |
CAS Number | |
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Ty21a is a live
The vaccine is given by mouth. The vaccine is presented either as enteric coated capsules or as a liquid suspension. The vaccine must be stored at 2 to 8 °C, but will retain its potency for 14 days at 25 °C.[2]
Medical uses
The vaccine offers a statistically significant protection for the first seven years.[3] The vaccine is most commonly used to protect travelers to endemic countries, but some agencies claim that the vaccine could be used in large scale public prevention programs.[2]
The Vi polysaccharide vaccine is also effective at preventing typhoid fever.[3]
Dosing
The recommended dose varies according to country and preparation. At least three doses are required for protection.[4]
In the US and Canada, an initial course of 4 doses on alternate days is recommended. Full protection is achieved 7 days after the last dose. In the US, a booster dose is recommended after 5 years. In Canada, a booster dose is recommended after 7 years.[citation needed]
In Australia and Europe, an initial course of 3 doses on alternate days is recommended. Protection is achieved 7 days after the last dose. A booster dose is recommended every 3 years for people living in endemic areas, but every year for people traveling from non-endemic to endemic areas.[5]
Side effects
Side effects of this vaccine are mild and rare.[3][4]
Trade names
- Vivotif (manufactured by Emergent BioSolutions)[6]
Research
Ty21a may also provide some degree of protection against
A newer Vi-rEPA vaccine is being tested for preventing typhoid fever. It has a similar level of protection, but the protection may last longer with this newer vaccine.[3]
References
- ^ "WHO position paper on typhoid Vaccines, March 2018" (PDF). World Health Organization. March 2018. Retrieved 2019-05-05.
- ^ PMID 18260212.
- ^ PMID 29851031.
- ^ a b "World Health Organization Information sheet: Observed rate of vaccine reactions- Typhoid Vaccine" (PDF). WHO. April 2014.
- ISBN 0-11-322528-8.
- ^ "Our Products". Emergent BioSolutions. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
- PMID 17582564.
- PMID 19192128.
External links
- Manufacturer's Product Page Archived 2017-06-12 at the Wayback Machine