Umbakumba, Northern Territory
Umbakumba Northern Territory | |
---|---|
Coordinates | 13°51′38.27″S 136°48′17.06″E / 13.8606306°S 136.8047389°E |
Population | 503 (2016) |
Region | East Arnhem Region |
Umbakumba is a community located on
History
Macassan contact
Before European contact,
European settlement
Frederick Harold Gray
Mr Fred H. Gray, a pearl and trepang trader, established the Umbakumba Native Settlement on an old Macassan trading post. He used the settlement as a base for trepanging and employed many of the indigenous locals during the 20s and 30s.[4]
In 1938 Umbakumba became renowned as the service and refuelling base for the
The Church Mission Society, which was running the Angurugu Mission on the western side of the island, did not endorse Gray's position on the island. When CMS withdrew the support of the settlement, Gray stated that he chose to continue with the work he had begun. In May 1956, the Northern Territory Administrator sent a letter to Gray stating that it was government policy only to approve of Missions run by recognised "Christian Missionary Organisations", which would exclude "the establishment and conduct of Missions by private individuals as proprietary concerns." The government withdrew the subsidy paid to the settlement.[6]
Church Mission Society
The Church Mission Society took over control over the settlement administration on February 17, 1958, with Keith Hart as superintendent. CMS renamed the settlement Umbakumba Mission. By mid-1959, the indigenous population had grown to 175.[7]
The Welfare Branch of the Northern Territory government took over running the mission in 1966 due to continuing staff shortages.[1] The population at the time was 214.
Present-day
The Welfare Branch later handed administrative control of the township to a self-governing Aboriginal Community Council in 1973. In 2008 Umbakumba became part of the East Arnhem Shire Council.[8]
Demographics
According to the 2016 Australian Census, there were 503 people in Umbakumba. Of these 49.2% were male and 50.8% were female. Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people made up 95.6% of the population. The median age of people in Umbakumba was 25 years.
Traditional owners
The
References
- ^ a b c "Umbakumba in detail". East Arnhem Regional Council. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
- ^ Bednall, James (January 2020). "Temporal, aspectual and modal expression in Anindilyakwa, the language of the Groote Eylandt Archipelago, Australia".
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(help) - ^ Van Egmond, M-E. (2012). "Enindhilyakwa phonology, morphosyntax and genetic position." Doctoral thesis. University of Sydney. pp. 314–70.
- ^ Find & Connect Web Resource Project, The University of Melbourne and Australian Catholic University. "Umbakumba Settlement - Organisation - Find & Connect - Northern Territory". www.findandconnect.gov.au. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
- ^ "History | Anindilyakwa Land Council". www.anindilyakwa.com.au. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
- ^ Find & Connect Web Resource Project, The University of Melbourne and Australian Catholic University. "Umbakumba Settlement - Organisation - Find & Connect - Northern Territory". www.findandconnect.gov.au. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ISBN 0-909821-00-3.
- ^ Find & Connect Web Resource Project, The University of Melbourne and Australian Catholic University. "Umbakumba Mission - Organisation - Find & Connect - Northern Territory". www.findandconnect.gov.au. Retrieved 30 November 2020.