United People's Front of Nepal
United People's Front Nepal संयुक्त जनामोर्चा नेपाल | |
---|---|
Abbreviation | SJMN |
Founded | 1991 |
Dissolved | 2002 |
Succeeded by | Janamorcha Nepal |
National affiliation | CPN (Unity Centre) |
Communism in Nepal |
---|
Communism portal |
The United People's Front of Nepal (Nepali: संयुक्त जनमोर्चा नेपाल, romanized: Sanyukta Janamorcha Nepal), abbreviated SJM, was the front of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre), or CPN (UC).
History
Formation
SJM was founded in 1991, with
1991 general election
In the general election held in 1991, SJM won nine seats and became the third largest force in the parliament.
1992 general strike and municipal election
In 1992, in a situation of economic crisis and chaos, with spiralling prices as a result of implementation of changes in policy of the new Nepali Congress government, SJM and CPN (UC) stepped up their political agitation. A Joint People's Agitation Committee was set up together with the Communist Party of Nepal (Masal), the Nepal Communist League and the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist). A general strike was called for April 6.
Violent incidents began to occur on the evening ahead of the strike. The Joint People's Agitation Committee had called for a 30-minute lights out in the capital, and violent erupted outside
Later in the day, a mass rally of the Agitation Committee at Tundikhel in the capital Kathmandu was attacked by police forces. As a result, riots broke out, and the Nepal Telecommunications building was set on fire. Police opened fire at the crowd, killing several persons. The Human Rights Organisation of Nepal estimated that 14 people, including several on-lookers, had been killed in police firing.[3]
Ahead of the elections to local bodies the year SJM formed a front together with the
Split ahead of the 1994 general election
When CPN (UC) split in 1994, so did SJM on May 22. The hardline faction (which would later rename itself as
Evolution of the Lama-led SJM
At the last
When CPN (UC) merged with
Electoral performance
Election | Leader | Votes | Seats | Position | Resulting government | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | +/- | ||||
1991 | Baburam Bhattarai | 351,904 | 4.83 | 9 / 205
|
5th | In opposition | |
1994 | Nirmal Lama | 100,285 | 1.32 | 0 / 205
|
9 | 5th | Extra-parliamentary |
1999 | Nirmal Lama | 70,119 | 0.81 | 1 / 205
|
1 | 6th | In opposition |
References
- ^ Upreti, B.C.. The Maoist Insurgency in Nepal: Nature, Growth and Impact. In South Asian Survey 13:1 (2006), page 37
- ^ "Role of the Extra-Parliamentary Political Party in multi-party democracy: A study of the CPN-unity center" (PDF). Retrieved 2024-01-30.
- ^ Hoftun, Martin, William Raeper and John Whelpton. People, politics and ideology: Democracy and Social Change in Nepal. Kathmandu: Mandala Book Point, 1999. p. 189
- ^ Hoftun, Martin, William Raeper and John Whelpton. People, politics and ideology: Democracy and Social Change in Nepal. Kathmandu: Mandala Book Point, 1999. p. 190-191