User:Kautilya3/Ladakh timeline

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Timeline

Gulab Singh
Ranbir Singh
  • 1857: Ranbir Singh succeeds Gulab Singh
  • 1857:
    Adolphe Schlagintweit
    crosses Aksai Chin.
  • 1861: Mehta Basti Ram succeeded by Mehta Mangal.
  • 1862:
    Frederic Drew
    enters Maharaja's service as geographer
  • 1863: Khotan overthrows the Chinese authority?[8] Haji Habibullah of Khotan threatened by Yakub Beg, wanted British & Kashmiri support?[9]
  • 1864: Yakub Beg defeats Chinese, who abandon Turkestan
  • 1864: Kashmir's Shahidulla chauki ("stone fort and several huts")
  • 1865: Johnson's survey of Aksai Chin and trip to Ilchi
  • 1867: Kashmir abandons the chauki
  • 1867: Cayley stationed in Leh as a British trade officer?
  • 1868: The Kashmir Atlas published.[10]
  • 1870: Informal
    Forsyth
    Mission to Yarkand.
  • 1870: Trade agreement with Kashmir. British Joint Trade Commissioner in Leh. 'Treaty Road' to Yarkand.[11] Treaty for the development and security of trade with Turkestan. (2 May)[12]
  • 1870-71: Frederic Drew serves as governor of Ladakh.[13]
  • 1871: Johnson becomes the Wazir of Ladakh, serves till 1881.[14]
  • 1872: Drew leaves the Maharaja's service
  • 1873: Forsyth Mission to Yarkand.[15]
  • 1873: Anglo-Russian agreement?
  • 1875: Frederic Drew's The Jammoo Kashmir Territories.[16]
  • 1877: Gilgit Agency (OSD) under Biddulph
  • 1877: Chinese reassert control over Tarim Basin
  • 1881: Johnson dies
  • 1884: Chinese Turkestan renamed 'Sinkiang' (Xinjiang).
Pratap Singh
  • 1885: Ranbir Singh succeeded by Pratap Singh. OSD replaced by British Resident.
  • 1889: Gilgit Agency reestablished owing to "persistent Russian aggression".[17]
  • 1889: Younghusband expedition to Yarkand and Hunza.[17]
  • 1890: China being induced to take over the region north of Karakoram.[18][19]
  • 1890: Macartney (Younghusband's interpreter) remains as unofficial consul to Kashgar. Not accredited for 19 years, remaining the "Special Assistant to the Resident of Kashmir". Serves till 1918.[20]
  • 1890: China is claimed to have occupied Shahidulla.[21]
  • 1890-91: Kirghiz repair the fort at Shahidulla with British finance.[22]
  • 1891: Hunza brought under British Empire.[23]
  • 1890-92: Chinese build a fort at Suget Pass and also claim rights up to the Karakoram Pass[24]
  • 1892: Maharaja requests permission to renew his post, but is denied.
  • 1894: British object to unilateral border definition by Chinese Sinkiang.[25]
  • 1895/1896: Macartney presents to Taotai Keith Johnston's Atlas of India.[26] Taotai complains about Aksai Chin. Macartney allegedly proposed a boundary along the Lokzhung range.[26]
  • 1899:
    Macartney-MacDonald Line proposed to China. The provincial government in Sinkiang finds it fair.[27][28][29]
  • 1904:
    Younghusband Expedition
    to Lhasa.
  • 1906: Younghusband apointed Resident in Kashmir.
  • 1911: Chinese Revolution.
  • 1911: The Viceroy questions the Macartney-MacDonald Line.[30]

References

  1. ^ a b Naik, Kashmir Economy under the Dogras (2010), p. 5.
  2. ^ Aggarwal, Beyond Lines of Control (2004), p. 32.
  3. ^ Rizvi, Ladakh: Crossroads of High Asia (1996), p. 84.
  4. ^ Lamb, The China-India border (1964), pp. 66–67.
  5. ^ Lamb, The China-India border (1964), p. 68.
  6. ^ Rizvi, The trans-Karakoram trade in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries (1994).
  7. ^ Ward, The Survey of India and the Pundits (1999).
  8. ^ Palit, War in High Himalaya (1991), p. 29.
  9. ^ Mirsky, Sir Aurel Stein: Archaeological Explorer (1998), pp. 307–308.
  10. ^ Lamb, The China-India border (1964), pp. 42–44.
  11. ^ Bray, Ladakhi Histories (2005), pp. 18.
  12. ^ Noorani, India–China Boundary Problem (2010), p. 44.
  13. ^ Palit, War in High Himalaya (1991), p. 31.
  14. ^ Tenth Seminar of the IATS (2008), p. 171.
  15. ^ Mehra, An "agreed" frontier (1992), p. 41.
  16. ^ Lamb, The China-India border (1964), p. 44.
  17. ^ a b Mehra, An "agreed" frontier (1992), pp. 55–56.
  18. ^ Van Eekelen, Indian Foreign Policy and the Border Dispute (1967), p. 160.
  19. ^ Noorani, India–China Boundary Problem (2010).
  20. ^ Lamb, The China-India border (1964), p. 100.
  21. ^ Orton, India's Borderland Disputes (2010), p. 22.
  22. ^ Mehra, An "agreed" frontier (1992), p. 71.
  23. ^ Rizvi, The trans-Karakoram trade in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries (1994), p. 91, footnote 48.
  24. ^ Mehra, An "agreed" frontier (1992), p. 63.
  25. ^ Noorani, India–China Boundary Problem (2010), p. 83.
  26. ^ a b Lamb, The China-India border (1964), p. 102-103.
  27. ^ Mehra, John Lall (Book review) (1991).
  28. ^ Hoffmann, India and the China Crisis (1990), pp. 14–15.
  29. ^ Lamb, The China-India border (1964), p. 104.
  30. ^ Noorani, Facing the truth & 6 October 2006.
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