User:Ljroth7/sandbox/knop1
Lysine-rich nucleolar protein 1 (KNOP1) Is a protein encoding gene that encodes KNOP1. The known aliases for KNOP1 are TSG118, C16orf88, and FAM191A[1]. It is located at 16p12.3.[2]
Gene
KNOP1 is located on the [negative DNA strand] of chromosome 16 at 16p12.3. It covers 15.21 kb, from 19729556 to 19714347 and has 6
Gene Neighborhood
The genes surrounding KNOP1 are
Gene Expression
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/KNOP1_Expression.png/220px-KNOP1_Expression.png)
KNOP1 is shown to have high levels of expression superior cervical ganglion[7], testis, placenta, and in early stages of hear and lung development[8]. KNOP1 showed low levels of expression in the liver and pancreas.
Species distribution
There are many orthologs of KNOP1 in many different species of animals but not in the other kingdoms. No paralogs of KNOP1 were found. Table 1 lists select KNOP1 orthologs.
Genus, Species | Divergence from Homo sapiens (MYA)[9] | NCBI accession number | Sequence Length (AA) | Sequence Similarity to Homo sapien KNOP1[10] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | -- | NP_001335456.1 | 518 | 100% |
Pan paniscus | 6 | XP_034795825.1 | 604 | 85.1% |
Mus musculus | 89 | NP_075686.2 | 532 | 65.8% |
Lagenorhynchus obliquidens | 94 | XP_026953897.1 | 454 | 72.6% |
Galemys pyrenaicus | 94 | KAG8513613.1 | 534 | 67.1% |
Phyllostomus discolor | 94 | KAF6125017.1 | 434 | 64.3% |
Monodelphis domestica | 160 | XP_016279153.1 | 601 | 47.1% |
Ornithorhynchus anatinus | 180 | XP_028910011.1 | 544 | 47.2% |
Tyto alba | 318 | XP_042654773.1 | 627 | 42.1% |
Gallus gallus | 318 | XP_004945520.2 | 548 | 32.4% |
Bufo bufo | 352 | XP_040296565.1 | 513 | 37.7% |
Danio rerio | 433 | XP_687135.1 | 475 | 40.4% |
Branchiostoma floridae | 637 | XP_035694713.1 | 666 | 34.2% |
[Owenia fusiformis] | 787 | CAC9610945.1 | 553 | 34.7% |
Protein
The exact function of KNOP1 is not yet understood it is hypothesized to mimic nucleostemin, a nucleolar protein linked to the proliferation potential of stem cells[11]. The protein is 518 amino acids long[12], Isoform B is 458 amino acids[13], and Isoform C is 435 amino acids[14] . It has a molecular weight of 58 kdal and an isoelectric point of 9.92 [15] The protein is rich in lysine[16] and has a lysine-rich region from amino acid 123-355[17]. There is a region of the protein that interacts with the protein ZNF106[18]. Some papers have associated it with the surface of the condensed chromosomes[19].
Domains
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/KNOP1_Protein_domains.png/220px-KNOP1_Protein_domains.png)
KNOP1 has two domains Duf5595 (Not found in isoform C) and SMAP located at the end of the protein[21]. DUF5595 is found in Nude C 80 (Ndc80) proteins which can be found in species such as Homo sapiens. Ndc80 protein complexes are a core component of the end-on attachment sites for kinetochore microtubules[22]. SMAP (Small acidic protein family) is found in eukaryotes, and is approximately 70 amino acids in length. There is a single completely conserved residue G that may be functionally important at G441 [23].
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/KNOP1_Conceptual_Translation.pdf/page1-220px-KNOP1_Conceptual_Translation.pdf.jpg)
Interacting protein
KNOP1 has been shown to interact with ZNF106[24] and has been confirmed by Grasberger, H., & Bell, G. I.[25]. This study concluded that the rapid downregulation of KNOP1 expression during in vitro terminal differentiation coincides with a loss of nucleolar ZFP106.
References
- ^ GeneCards (https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=KNOP1)
- ^ U.S. National Library of Medicine. (n.d.). ACEVIEW: Gene:c16orf88, a comprehensive annotation of human, mouse and worm genes with mRNAs or ESTsAceView. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved October 4, 2021, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/IEB/Research/Acembly/av.cgi?db=human&term=C16orf88&submit=Go
- ^ (NCBI Gene (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/400506#genomic-context)
- ^ U.S. National Library of Medicine. (n.d.). IQCK IQ motif containing K [homo sapiens (human)] - gene - NCBI. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved December 18, 2021, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/124152
- ^ McNally, K. E., Faulkner, R., Steinberg, F., Gallon, M., Ghai, R., Pim, D., Langton, P., Pearson, N., Danson, C. M., Nägele, H., Morris, L. L., Singla, A., Overlee, B. L., Heesom, K. J., Sessions, R., Banks, L., Collins, B. M., Berger, I., Billadeau, D. D., Burstein, E., … Cullen, P. J. (2017). Retriever is a multiprotein complex for retromer-independent endosomal cargo recycling. Nature cell biology, 19(10), 1214–1225. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb3610
- ^ NCBI GEO (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/tools/profileGraph.cgi?ID=GDS596:213235_at)
- ^ NCBI GEO (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/tools/profileGraph.cgi?ID=GDS596:213235_at)
- ^ NCBI RNA-seq data (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/400506#genomic-context)
- ^ TimeTree (http://www.timetree.org/)
- ^ NCBI BLAST
- ^ Grasberger, H., & Bell, G. I. (2005). Subcellular recruitment by TSG118 and TSPYL implicates a role for zinc finger protein 106 in a novel Developmental pathway. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 37(7), 1421–1437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2005.01.013
- ^ NCBI Protein (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/1143077058)
- ^ NCBI KNOP1 Isoform B (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/1142736531)
- ^ NCBI KNOP1 Isoform C (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001335461.1)
- ^ Expasy-Compute pI/Mw (https://web.expasy.org/compute_pi/)
- ^ Statistical Analysis of Protein Sequences (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/seqstats/saps/)
- ^ Motif Scan (https://myhits.sib.swiss/cgi-bin/motif_scan)
- ^ UniProt (https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q1ED39)
- ^ Larsson, M., Brundell, E., Jörgensen, P. M., Ståhl, S., & Höög, C. (1999). Characterization of a novel nucleolar protein that transiently associates with the condensed chromosomes in mitotic cells. European journal of cell biology, 78(6), 382-390.
- ^ ProSite (https://prosite.expasy.org/cgi-bin/prosite/mydomains/)
- ^ MOTIF Search (https://www.genome.jp/tools/motif/)
- ^ DUF5595 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi?uid=pfam18077)
- ^ SMAP (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi?uid=pfam15477)
- ^ String Protein-Protein Interaction Networks(https://string-db.org/cgi/network?taskId=bKzRFr03O9Lu&sessionId=b92QrR5MM6wa)
- ^ Grasberger, H., & Bell, G. I. (2005). Subcellular recruitment by TSG118 and TSPYL implicates a role for zinc finger protein 106 in a novel developmental pathway. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology, 37(7), 1421–1437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2005.01.013