User:Mr. Ibrahem/Gynecomastia
| Gynecomastia | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Gynaecomastia |
clomiphene[3] | |
| Frequency | Common[4] |
Gynecomastia is the
psychological distress.[6]
Gynecomastia can be normal in
cancers, thyroid disease, certain medications and recreational drugs, Klinefelter syndrome, and malnutrition.[3] The underlying mechanism often involves increased estrogen or decreased androgen levels.[4]
Cases that occur in puberty generally resolve within two years and require only simple reassurance.clomiphene are effective when used early.[3] In long standing cases surgery, such as liposuction or surgical excision, is the only effective option.[5]
Gynecomastia affects about 35% of men and is most common between the ages of 50 and 69.[5] It is present in up to 90% of newborns and 60% of boys during puberty.[6] It is the most common reason males seek medical care for a breast issue.[8] Description of the condition date from 2nd century by Galen.[8]
References
- OxfordDictionaries.com. Archivedfrom the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
- ^ "Definition of Gynecomastia". www.merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
- ^ )
- ^ from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
- ^ from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
- ^ PMID 18369226.
- from the original on 28 September 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
- ^ ISBN 978-3-319-60925-6. Archivedfrom the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 30 November 2020.