VAZ-2101
| VAZ-2101 | ||
|---|---|---|
Curb weight 955 kg (2,105 lb) | | |
| Chronology | ||
| Successor | ||
The VAZ-2101 "Zhiguli", commonly nicknamed "Kopeyka" (for the smallest Soviet coin, 1/100 of the Ruble), is a compact sedan car (small class, passenger car, model 1 in Soviet classification) produced by the Soviet manufacturer AvtoVAZ and introduced in 1970, the company's first product.
The car was a heavily modified and licence-built version of the Fiat 124 tailored for the Soviet Union and much of the Eastern Bloc. Subsequently, it was widely exported to the West under the Lada brand. The station wagon version (correspondingly based on the Fiat 124 Familiare) was known as the VAZ-2102.
Development
The lightweight Italian
Some of the improvements developed by VAZ engineers were quietly applied by Fiat to the 124 in its final years of production - for example the chassis strengthening; internally within Fiat these updated models are denoted "124R", the "R" standing for 'Russian'.[citation needed]
Engines fitted to the original Lada 2101 start with the 1.2l. The drivetrain is a simple
History
The 2101 is a re-engineered version of the
Under the licensing agreement with Fiat, VAZ were forbidden from selling the car in Italy in order to protect Fiat's lucrative home market, nor was it permitted to sell it in any export market in competition with the 124; however, exports to Western Europe began in 1974 when the 124 was discontinued in favour of Fiat's newer 131 Mirafiori. The 2101 was exported under the Lada 1200, Lada 1300, Lada 1200S and Lada 2101 [1] until 1989 and was positioned as a budget "no frills" offering; it was sold in the United Kingdom from May 1974, until the arrival of the Riva in 1983. It was the first Lada to be sold in the United Kingdom.[4]
The first year, 22,000 were produced, and capacity reached 660,000 by 1973.[3] Sales reached one million on 21 December 1973, and one and a half million in 1974.[3] In May 1974, it went on sale in Britain, priced at £979.[5]
The 2101 was built, virtually unaltered, from 1970 until 1982.[6] The slightly upgraded 21013 continued to be built until 1988.
Models
VAZ-2101
- VAZ-2101 (1970–1982) — first variant was equipped with a 1,198 cc (73.1 cu in) engine (an Za Rulyom (At the Wheel[9]), which drew 1,812 entries, in September 1971 the name Lada (Russian for "harmony") was chosen,[10] and the export models would be called Lada 1200s.[11] Production was always behind demand, and price crept up, but by 1980, the wait for a new 2101 was down to a year.[11] The 2102 estate version started production 27 April 1972.[11] Sales to Cuba began in 1971 (and until 2006, Raúl Castro drove to work in his own saloon) and Canada in 1978, but none were exported to the U.S.[12] Angola received its first one thousand Ladas in 1977, in time becoming a significant buyer.[12]
- 21011 (1974–1981) — modified variant with a 67 PS) 1,294 cc (79 cu in) engine.[12]Further changes included self-adjusting drum brakes on the rear axle, also fitted to the VAZ-2101. Flat front indicator lenses instead of the dome-shaped ones on the VAZ-2101. The "horns", or over-riders, on the bumpers were removed and replaced with a rubber strip running the whole length of the bumper. The rear lights were also smoothed in a similar manner to the indicator lenses and the passive reflector (previously a separate part underneath the main rear lights) was incorporated as a small, square-shaped part in the rear light cluster itself. The windshield pump was moved down and was operated by foot (rather than by rubber button on the dashboard VAZ 2101, which was operated with the push of a finger). The dashboard had a wood-effect plastic trim; the horn was placed on the steering wheel cover. The front and rear seats became more comfortable. Material and colouring of the instrument panel was changed from the original black on light grey to white on black, the instrument panel lighting was altered as well. On the rear pillars there were rectangular ventilation holes with grille, which were not present on the VAZ-2101. Four horizontal oval holes for improved air flow to the radiator appeared on the front panel just above the front bumper. The export series were designated the Lada 1300.
- 21012--
- 21013 (1977–1988) — similar to VAZ-21011, 1,198 cc (73.1 cu in) engine, exported as the Lada 1200 with an upgraded version (incorporating the exterior and dashboard changes introduced with the VAZ-21011) called Lada 1200S.
- 21014 estate, with the 1,198 cc (73.1 cu in) four, entered production 22 May 1973, for export to Japan, Australia, and Britain (which proved a very successful market).[12]
- 21016 (1976–1981) — special modification, only available to Soviet police, 1,452 cc (89 cu in) engine (from VAZ-2103) in VAZ-21011 body.[13]
- 21018 (1978) — first series rotary engine modification for Soviet police & KGB with one-rotor 70 PS) VAZ-311 Wankel engine with electronic ignition and twin-electrode sparking plugs.[14] It also featured a downdraft carburettor, with different jet sizes to the 2101, and two-stage aircleaner.[15] Presented to the public by 1982. Only 250 built.[15] Engine durability was an issue, wearing out at just 20,000 km (12,000 mi).[16]
- 21019 Arkan (1983?) — second series rotary engine modification for Soviet police & KGB with two-rotor 120
VAZ-2102
The estate version of the VAZ-2101 (based on the Fiat 124 Familiare) was known as the 2102 and was available from 1971. It was replaced by the 2104 (Lada Riva in some markets) in 1985. Over 660,000 were built by end of production in 1986.[18] In May 1974, it went on sale in Britain, priced at £979.[5]
- VAZ-2102 (1971–1986) — also known as Lada 1200 Combi (1200 ES Estate).
- VAZ-21021 (1974–1985) — equipped with 1,294 cc (79 cu in) engine. Also known as Lada 1300 Combi. Export models got a rear washer/wiper.[5]
- VAZ-21023 (1973–1985) — equipped with 1,452 cc (89 cu in) engine. Also known as Lada 1500 Combi (1500 DL Estate). Export models got a rear washer/wiper.[5] Lada 1500 Estate sales in the UK started in October 1977 and ended in October 1985 as the Lada 1500 DL Estate.
VAZ-2103
The 2103 (known in export markets as the Lada 1500) was very similar to the 2101, and had many common features with the
Technical specifications
| Type | VAZ-2101 | VAZ-21011 |
|---|---|---|
| Mass, dry | 890 kg | |
| Mass, roadworthy | 955 kg | 1010 kg |
| Max. permissible mass | 1355 kg | 1400 kg |
| Length | 4073 mm | |
| Width | 1611 mm | |
| Height | 1440 mm | |
| Wheelbase | 2424 mm | |
| Track width (front) | 1349 mm | |
| Track width (rear) | 1305 mm | |
| Ground clearance (fully laden) | 170 mm | |
| Turning raidus | 5.6 m | |
| Ramp angle (front) | 36 ° | |
| Ramp angle (rear | 17 ° | |
| Tyres | 114-330 mm (4½-13 in) | |
| Engine code | VAZ-2101 | VAZ-21011 |
| Engine type | Water-cooled, straight-four, Otto, counterflow cylinder head, duplex-chain driven overhead camshaft | |
| Fuel system | Two-stage downdraught carburetter type 2101-1107010-02 | |
| Displacement | 1198 cm3 | 1294 cm3 |
| Bore × Stroke | 76 mm × 66 mm | 79 mm × 66 mm |
| Compression | 8,5 | 8,8 |
| Rated power (GOST–14846) | 46 kW (62 PS) at 5600 min−1 | 51 kW (69 PS) at 5600 min−1 |
| Rated power (DIN 70020) | 44 kW (60 PS) at 5600 min−1 | 48 kW (65 PS) at 5600 min−1 |
| Rated power (SAE J1349) | 48 kW (65 PS) at 5600 min−1 | |
| Max. torque (GOST–14846) | 87 N·m (8.9 kp·m) at 3400 min−1 | 93 N·m (9.5 kp·m) at 3400 min−1 |
| Fuel type | Petrol AI-93 GOST 2084-67 | |
| Top speed | 140 km/h | 145 km/h |
| Acceleration (0–100 km/h) | 22 s | 18 s |
| Stopping distance (at 80 km/h) | 38 m | |
| Fuel consumption (combined, l/100 km) | 8.0 l | 9.0 l |
| Gradeability (1st gear) | 34 % | |
| Fuel tank volume | 39 l | |
| Source | [19] | [20] |
Gallery
-
VAZ-2101 (Lada Zhiguli 1200) -
Rally car -
Lada (Zhiguli) 1200, manufactured in 1975 -
VAZ-2102 (Lada 2102 Riva Estate) -
VAZ-2101 modified into a taxi limousine, in Trinidad, Cuba -
Front view -
Rear view
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See also
References
- ^ a b Prospekte Sales Brochures Lada 2101 Wagen Auto Car Fahrzeug, www.ebay.com.au, as archived at web.archive.org
- ^ "Previous winners". caroftheyear.org. Archived from the original on 8 August 2010. Retrieved 18 September 2010.
- ^ OCLC 191923909.
- ^ Peter Rogers. "Lada Owners Club of GB UK Lada history". Lada-owners-club.co.uk. Retrieved 2010-10-15.
- ^ a b c d Thompson, p.116.
- ^ Thompson, p.104 caption.
- ^ a b c d e f Thompson, p.109.
- ISBN 3-444-60023-2.
- ^ Thompson, p.16.
- ^ Thompson, pp.109-110.
- ^ a b c Thompson, p.110.
- ^ a b c d e Thompson, p.111.
- ^ Thompson, p.115.
- ^ Thompson, pp. 115, 235-236.
- ^ a b Thompson, p.235.
- ^ Thompson, p.236.
- ^ Thompson, pp.115 and 236.
- ^ Thompson, p.115 caption.
- ^ V. A. Vershigora, L. I. Vihko, Y. M. Solotaryev, Y. M. Pashin, K. B. Pyatkov: Avtomobili „Zhiguli“, Mechanical engineering publishing company, Moscow 1977, p. 2
- ISBN 3-613-01913-2, p. 161