Viktor Fainberg
Viktor Fainberg | |
---|---|
Виктор Файнберг | |
Dissident movement in the Soviet Union | |
Partner | Marina Voikhanskaya |
Children | Yuri |
Parent(s) | Isaac Fainberg and Sarah Dashevskaya |
Awards | Medal of the President of the Slovak republic |
Viktor Isaakovich Fainberg (
Biography
Viktor Fainberg was born to the married couple of Isaac Fainberg and Sarah Dashevskaya. While attending school during an antisemitic campaign of 1948-1952, he was subjected to harassment that, in his own words, he did not reconcile himself to, but entered the fray with an abuser. As the result of these frays, he got a referral to a psychiatrist.
In 1957, in connection with antisemitic insult, he had a fight with a policeman and for this reason was sentenced to 1 year of corrective labor.[7]
In 1968, he graduated from the English unit of the philological department of
Fainberg was one of the seven persons who participated in the 1968 Red Square demonstration against the Soviet-led military invasion of Czechoslovakia.[8]: 77 During the demonstration and his arrest, he lost many teeth and in this unpresentable state was never presented for trial; instead, he was placed to a psychiatric hospital.[9]: 147
Fainberg was examined by the
With enthusiasm and strong obsession he expresses ideas of reformism as to Marxism classics' teaching, while revealing clearly his increased self-esteem and firm belief in his rightness. At the same time, his remarks about his family, parents, and son reveal his emotional flatness... In the Institute department, one can note his unconcern, indifference to himself and others in his outwardly orderly behavior. He is occupied with gymnastics, rubdown, reading books, and studying literature in English. His insight into his condition and the emerged situation is clearly insufficient.[2]: 201, 202 [10]
As a result, he was committed for compulsory treatment to the Special Psychiatric Hospital in
At the hospital, Fainberg went on hunger strike in protest, was subjected to forced feeding and was treated with chlorpromazine despite his hyperthyroidism that was somatic contraindication to chlorpromazine therapy.[10]: 122
Marina Voikhanskaya, a psychiatrist at the hospital, assisted Fainberg by passing information about him to dissidents outside. She was demoted for this activity which helped Fainberg be released. In 1974, Fainberg emigrated from the Soviet Union to Israel, and Marina Voikhanskaya emigrated to the UK in 1975.[11][12]
In emigration, Fainberg initiated the formation of "Campaign Against Psychiatric Abuses" (CAPA) to fight punitive psychiatry in the USSR.[4] In 1983, the Soviet Union was expelled from the World Psychiatric Association (WPA).[11]
Fainberg died on 2 January 2023, at the age of 91.[13][14]
Other
On 27 October 2014, along with other three dissenters from summer of 1968, Fainberg was decorated by
British playwright Tom Stoppard wrote the play Every Good Boy Deserves Favour dedicated to Vladimir Bukovsky and Viktor Fainberg.[4][16]: 359
Fainberg has a daughter, Sarah, who is a research fellow at the Institute for National Security Studies in Tel Aviv.[17]
References
- Radio Liberty.
- ^ a b c d Казнимые сумасшествием: Сборник документальных материалов о психиатрических преследованиях инакомыслящих в СССР / Редакторы: А. Артёмова, Л. Рар, М. Славинский (PDF). Франкфурт-на-Майне: Посев. 1971.
- S2CID 147323974.
- ^ a b c Банчик, Надежда (11–17 January 2008). "Виктор Файнберг: Одна жизнь и покушение в Париже". Интернет-газета «Мы здесь». Retrieved 23 April 2011.
- ^ Harper, Catherine (28 April 1977). "Where dissent may spell torture of mind and body". The Sydney Morning Herald. p. 7.
- ^ Heinrichs, Paul (22 April 1977). "Tortured activist wants Russia condemned". The Age. p. 11.
- ^ "Люди августа 1968... - ПОЛИТ.РУ". polit.ru. Retrieved 11 June 2019.
- ^ ISBN 978-90-420-2585-1.
- ISBN 978-0226543246.
- ^ ISBN 978-5-85275-145-4. Archived from the original on 19 February 2010.) (The Russian text of the book in full is available online on the website of the organization "Help for Psychiatric Survivors")
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ^ a b Жаворонкова, Юлия (November–December 2000). "Частушки в контексте вялотекущей шизофрении". Журнал "Пчела": Обозрение деятельности негосударственных организаций Санкт-Петербурга (30). Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 22 April 2011.
- ISBN 9781350054417.).
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ^ Подосокорскийwrote, Николай; philologist, Николай Подосокорский. "Умер диссидент Виктор Исаакович Файнберг". philologist.livejournal.com. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
- ^ "Виктор Файнберг. Ахарай". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
- ^ "Kiska vyznamenal demonštrantov proti okupácii v roku 1968" [Kiska decorated demonstrators against occupation in 1968] (Press release) (in Slovak). SITA. 27 October 2014. Retrieved 27 October 2014.
- ISBN 978-0-19-927883-1.
- The Canadian Jewish news(in French).
Sources
- Хроника текущих событий
- ВИКТОР ФАЙНБЕРГ: ДВА ГОДА, 30 ЛЕТ И ПОКУШЕНИЕ
- Горбаневская Н. «Герои или безумцы?»
- Пшизов В. Синдром замкнутого пространства (Записки судебного психиатра) Archived 23 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- Интервью Файнберга[permanent dead link] Международному французскому радио
- Fainberg, Victor (1975). "My five years in mental hospitals". S2CID 143559295.
Video
The Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes videotaped Fainberg's spoken autobiography in Russian:
- Part 1, 39 min on YouTube
- Part 2, 39 min on YouTube
- Part 3, 41 min on YouTube
- Part 4, 38 min on YouTube
- Part 5, 40 min on YouTube
- Part 6, 41 min on YouTube
- Part 7, 39 min on YouTube
- Part 8, 41 min on YouTube
Interviews
- Dmitriev, Sergey [Сергей Дмитриев] (11 June 2014). "Виктор Файнберг о деле Михаила Косенко: "Мы не сумели передать молодым поколениям свой опыт"" [Viktor Fainberg about the case of Mikhail Kosenko, "We failed to share with young generations our experience"] (in Russian). Radio France Internationale.
- Makeyeva, Mariya [Мария Макеева] (9 October 2013). "Виктор Файнберг, основатель движения борьбы с карательной психиатрией: нет ничего хуже психушки, укол – и ты чувствуешь, как из тебя вытекает разум и душа" [Viktor Fainberg, the founder of the movement for the struggle against punitive psychiatry: There is nothing worse than psikhushka, after injection you feel how your reason and soul comes out of you] (in Russian). Dozhd.
- Prokhazkova, Petra [Petra Procházková] (27 June 2015). "Protestoval proti invazi Sovětů. Rus strpí krutost, ale ne slabost, říká jeden z 'osmi statečných'" [He protested against the Soviet invasion. Russian man would tolerate cruelty but not weakness, says one of the eight brave]. Lidovky(in Czech).
- Prokhazkova, Petra [Петра Прохазкова] (1 July 2015). "Русский стерпит жестокость, но не слабость" [Russian man would tolerate cruelty but not weakness] (in Russian). inoSMI. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2015.