Wally Tapsell
Walter Thomas Leo Tapsell | |
---|---|
Born | 19 August 1904 East End of London, England |
Died | 31 March 1938 |
Education | Lenin School in Moscow |
Occupation | Communist activist |
Spouse | Esther Tapsell |
Walter Thomas Leo Tapsell (19 August 1904 – 31 March 1938) was a
Early life and activism
Born in the
At the
By 1929, Tapsell was the secretary of the YCL, and he had been noticed by the international
Tapsell was declared bankrupt in 1934, at which time he described his trades as "journalist",
Spanish Civil War
Tapsell volunteered to serve in the Spanish Civil War. His friend Harry Young was concerned that he was sent by the CPGB leadership because he was viewed as an opposition figure.[10] He arrived in Spain on 1 March 1937, and enlisted with the British Battalion on 10 March. Initially, he was made Political Commissar of the British base at Albacete,[11] and in this role, he was asked to investigate the May Days in Barcelona; he placed responsibility for the events on the Communist Party of Spain.[12]
Tapsell soon saw action at the Battle of Brunete. With supplies and support limited, the battalion was reduced from 600 men to only 185. Tapsell led a delegation to General János Gálicz to ask for relief. Gálicz rejected the request, at which point Tapsell declared that he was "not fit to command a troop of Brownies, let alone a People's Army". Gálicz had Tapsell arrested for insubordination and threatened with execution.[13] Although battalion commander Fred Copeman managed to get him released, after the battle, both were recalled to London alongside Jock Cunningham and George Aitken to explain the events. Cunningham and Aitken were prevented from returning, but Tapsell went back to the front line later in the year, and in November, he was made Political Commissar of the whole British Battalion.[14]
In his role as commissar, Tapsell was generally well respected. Walter Gregory claimed that he was "surely the greatest of all those who served as political commissars" and noted that he was the first to advance and last to retreat. When they returned to Spain, Copeman told Tapsell that he would not accept his political authority, and Tapsell responded by picking up a rifle and focused on his role as a rifleman.[15]
Tapsell fought in the Battle of Belchite, but shortly afterwards, the battalion was ambushed by Italian forces at Calaceite, and he died in battle. Although he had time to crawl out of the line of fire, he was never seen again. This prompted Copeman later to claim that Tapsell had survived the battle and been liquidated by "agents of Stalin" because he had his "teeth in something which was rotten and they weren't bloody well letting go". However, James K. Hopkins notes that there is no evidence to support this theory.[1][16]
References
- ^ a b Harry Wicks, Keeping My Head, p.201
- ^ James K. Hopkins, Into the Heart of the Fire: The British in the Spanish Civil War, p.54
- ^ Labour History Review, Vols.68-69, pp.20, 117
- ^ Samantha L. Bird, Stepney, p.106
- ^ Tim Rees and Andrew Thorpe, International Communism and the Communist International, 1919-43, pp.77-78
- Edinburgh Gazette, 12 October 1934
- ^ Ian MacDougall, Voices from War, p.357
- ^ Harry Wicks, Keeping My Head, p.39
- ^ Stephen G. Jones, Sport, Politics and the Working Class, p.79
- ^ Harry Young, "Why I Joined the SPGB", Socialist Party of Great Britain
- ^ "British Battalion", XV International Brigade in Spain
- ^ John McIlroy et al, Party People, Communist Lives, p.97
- ISBN 978-0-7538-2165-7.
- ^ Cecil D. Eby, Comrades and Commissars, pp.194-195, 203-204
- ^ James K. Hopkins, Into the Heart of the Fire: The British in the Spanish Civil War, pp.219-220
- ^ James K. Hopkins, Into the Heart of the Fire: The British in the Spanish Civil War, pp.288, 422