Western German football championship
-en.png) | |
| Founded | 1903 |
|---|---|
| Folded | 1933 (25 seasons) |
| Replaced by | |
| Country | |
| Region | Western Germany |
| Level on pyramid | Level 1 |
| Last champions | FC Schalke 04 (1932-33) |
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The Western German football championship (
It is not to be confused with the German championship in what was commonly referred to as West Germany from 1949 to 1990.
Overview
German football was, from its beginnings, divided into regional associations, which carried out their own championship, which often pre-dated the national
- Southern German football championship - formed in 1898
- Brandenburg football championship - formed in 1898
- Central German football championship - formed in 1902
- Western German football championship - formed in 1903
- March football championship- existed from 1903 to 1911
- Northern German football championship - formed in 1906
- South Eastern German football championship - formed in 1906
- Baltic football championship - formed in 1908
All this regional championships were suspended with the rise of the Nazis to power in 1933. At the end of the Second World War, some resumed, now in league format. Others completely disappeared, like the Baltic championship, as the territories they were held in were not part of Germany any more. With the
History
Background
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When the Western German championship was established in 1903, the region of Western Germany (German: Westdeutschland) was politically divided into three territories, the first three being part of the Kingdom of Prussia:
- Hesse-Nassau, northern parts only, from 1906
- Rhine Province northern parts only
- Province of Westphalia
- Principality of Lippe
With the defeat of the
Football association
On 23 October 1898, the Rheinischer Spielverband was formed, initially without the clubs from the region around Kassel, who moved across in 1906. In 1900, the Rheinisch-Westfälischen Spielverband was formed, which, in 1907, was renamed Westdeutscher Spielverband.[2]
Competition
1903 to 1914
The Western German football championship was first contested in 1903 and won by the Cölner FC 1899. It consisted of three clubs, one each from Essen, Cologne and Mönchengladbach, then spelled München-Gladbach, and was determined in a group stage with home-and-away games.[3] The winner of this first competition did not take part in the first edition of the national German championship.
To qualify for the Western German championship, a club had to take out the title in its regional competition or league. As more football clubs were formed in Germany, the number of leagues increased and thereby also the numbers of clubs taking part in the Western championship.
The second edition was played out in the same modus and its champion was permitted to enter the national finals for the first time. A round of deciders was necessary to determine the Western champion as all three clubs sat on equal points. In 1906, the championship was expanded to four clubs with a decider once more being necessary to determine the champion.
In 1907, the system to determine the Western champion was altered to a knockout modus with six clubs participating, increased to seven for the following year and eight in 1909. The championship continued to operate as a knockout competition in the following years, and, in 1913,
The last pre-
1914 to 1919
In 1914–15, football in Germany had come to an almost complete halt. As it became clear, that the war would last longer than anticipated, local competitions restarted in 1915. In most regions of Germany, like the South, the championships were restarted from 1915 onwards but in the West, this was not so. A Western German Championship was not played again until 1920.
1920 to 1933
As a consequence of the lost war, a strip of land along the German - Belgian border was awarded to the later, with the cities of Eupen and Malmedy becoming part of Belgium. These were the only territorial changes within the area of the Western championship.
The Western German championship was restarted in 1920 with eight clubs in a knockout system. The eight clubs represented the following regions:
- Berg/Mark
- Hesse/Hannover
- North Rhine
- Ruhr
- South Rhine
- South Westphalia
- Westphalia
- West Rhine
The following year, a return to a five-team group stage was made to determine the champion. In 1922, this was expanded to six clubs.
Western German football took a very different approach to its football championships from 1922 to 1924, expanded the local competitions to last over two years. The German championship still being an annual event, a Western championship was nevertheless needed in order to determine the club who would participate in the national finals. The seven top-of-the-table sides at the time therefore played a knockout competition to do so in 1923, something of an oddity. The 1924 championship, with seven clubs and a single round of games in a league format, was the proper Western German championship for 1922–24.
In 1925, a seven-team league was once more employed to determine the champion. The German championship had now been enlarged to sixteen clubs and for the West this meant, it could send three clubs to the national finals from now on.
Until 1928, the format of the Western championship did not change, but in 1929, the championship was enlarged to eight clubs in two groups of four. The two top-teams in each group then moved on to a four-team finals group. All games were played as single round, not home-and-away. This system remained in place until 1931.
In 1932 and 1933, eight clubs played in a knockout format once more. It was after this last edition of the Western championship, that the first German title went to the West, when Fortuna Düsseldorf beat FC Schalke 04 3–0. After 30 years of little national success, the clubs from the west, led by Schalke, would dominate the German championship from now on.
Aftermath
The Western German championship was replaced with four regional
After the end of the
Western German football champions
German champions in bold:
| Season | Winner | Runner-Up | Result |
| 1903 | Kölner FC 1899 | Essener SV 1899 | N/A |
| 1904 | Duisburger SV
|
Bonner FV
|
N/A |
| 1905 | Duisburger SV
|
not determined | N/A |
| 1906 | Kölner FC 1899 | Duisburger SV
|
3-2 |
| 1907 | Düsseldorfer FC 1899 | Casseler FV 3
|
7-0 |
| 1908 | Duisburger SV
|
FC München-Gladbach 2
|
5-0 |
| 1909 | FC München-Gladbach
|
Preußen Duisburg | 3-2 aet |
| 1910 | Duisburger SV
|
Casseler FV
|
6-1 |
| 1911 | Duisburger SV
|
Vfvb Ruhrort | 3-0 |
| 1912 | Cölner BC 1901
|
Borussia München-Gladbach
|
4-2 |
| 1913 | Duisburger SV
|
Arminia Bielefeld | declared |
| 1914 | Duisburger SV
|
Preußen Münster
|
N/A |
| 1915 | not held | ||
| 1916 | not held | ||
| 1917 | not held | ||
| 1918 | not held | ||
| 1919 | not held | ||
| 1920 | VfTuR München-Gladbach
|
Cölner BC 01 | 3-1 |
| 1921 | Duisburger SV
|
Kölner BC 01 2 | N/A |
| 1922 | Arminia Bielefeld | Kölner BC 01 | N/A |
| 1923 4 | Arminia Bielefeld | TuRu Düsseldorf
|
4-3 aet |
| 1924 | Duisburger SV
|
Arminia Bielefeld | N/A |
| 1925 | Duisburger SV
|
Schwarz-Weiß Essen | declared |
| 1926 | VfR Köln
|
BV Altenessen | N/A |
| 1927 | Duisburger SV
|
FC Schalke 04 | N/A |
| 1928 | SpVgg Sülz 07
|
Preußen Krefeld | N/A |
| 1929 | FC Schalke 04 | Duisburger SV
|
2-1 |
| 1930 | FC Schalke 04 | VfL 06 Benrath | 2-1 |
| 1931 | Fortuna Düsseldorf | VfB Bielefeld
|
N/A |
| 1932 | FC Schalke 04 | Borussia Fulda | 5-1 |
| 1933 | FC Schalke 04 | Fortuna Düsseldorf | 1-0 |
- 1 From 1950 onwards, München-Gladbach was spelled as Mönchengladbach.
- 2 From 1920 onwards, Cöln was spelled as Köln.
- 3 From 1926 onwards, Cassel was spelled Kassel.
- 4 Not an official championship.
Winners and runners-up of the Oberliga West (1947–63)
The Oberliga West, formed in 1947, is considered to be a continuation of the Western German football championship. It only included teams from the newly formed state of North Rhine-Westphalia and was disbanded with the introduction of the Fußball-Bundesliga in 1963. This event marked the end of the Western German football championship.
| Season | Winner | Runner-Up |
|---|---|---|
| 1947-48 | Borussia Dortmund | Sportfreunde Katernberg |
| 1948-49 | Borussia Dortmund | Rot-Weiß Essen
|
| 1949-50 | Borussia Dortmund | Preußen Dellbrück
|
| 1950-51 | FC Schalke 04 | Preußen Münster
|
| 1951-52 | Rot-Weiß Essen
|
FC Schalke 04 |
| 1952-53 | Borussia Dortmund | 1. FC Köln |
| 1953-54 | 1. FC Köln | Rot-Weiß Essen
|
| 1954-55 | Rot-Weiß Essen
|
SV Sodingen |
| 1955-56 | Borussia Dortmund | FC Schalke 04 |
| 1956-57 | Borussia Dortmund | Duisburger SV
|
| 1957-58 | FC Schalke 04 | 1. FC Köln |
| 1958-59 | Westfalia Herne
|
1. FC Köln |
| 1959-60 | 1. FC Köln | Westfalia Herne
|
| 1960-61 | 1. FC Köln | Borussia Dortmund |
| 1961-62 | 1. FC Köln | FC Schalke 04 |
| 1962-63 | 1. FC Köln | Borussia Dortmund |
Source: "Oberliga West". Das deutsche Fussball-Archiv. Retrieved 2008-01-09.
- Bold denotes team went on to win German championship.
Further reading
- Stürmen für Deutschland: Die Geschichte des deutschen Fussballs von 1933, publisher: Campus Verlag
References
- kicker, published: 1989, page: 241-42, accessed: 18 May 2009
- ^ Rheinischer Südkreis Hirschis Fussball Seiten, accessed: 18 May 2009
- ^ Rheinisch Westfälischer Spielverband 1903 Hirschi's Fussball Seiten, accessed: 18 May 2009
Sources
- Fussball-Jahrbuch Deutschland (in German) (8 vol.), Tables and results of the German tier-one leagues 1919–33, publisher: DSFS
- Kicker Almanach, (in German) The yearbook on German football from Bundesliga to Oberliga, since 1937, published by the Kicker Sports Magazine
External links
- The Gauligas Das Deutsche Fussball Archiv (in German)
- German league tables 1892-1933 Hirschi's Fussball seiten (in German)
- Germany - Championships 1902-1945 at RSSSF.com