White Horse Pagoda, Dunhuang
White Horse Pagoda, Dunhuang | |
---|---|
Gansu Province, China | |
Country | China |
Architecture | |
Completed | circa 384 CE |
40°07′50.85″N 94°38′54.79″E / 40.1307917°N 94.6485528°E
The White Horse Pagoda (
The pagoda is located about 2 km southwest of the centre of Dunhuang city. It was repaired in the Daoguang era (1821-1851) and again in 1992. It is 12 metres (39 feet) high and 7 metres (23 feet) in diameter and consists of 9 levels in total. The exterior is built of adobe bricks and is filled with grass and mud mixed with lime. The base is in the form of an eight-spoked wheel, the 1st level has four sides, while levels 2 to 4 have folding corners, the 5th level is decorated with upturned lotuses, the 6th is in the shape of an overturned bowl, the 7th level is wheel-shaped, while the 8th level has a hexagonal plate at the top of the pagoda with big wind-bells hanging on every corner.[2] Above that are three metal balls surmounted by a trident. Local people say the chime of the bells are an echo of the neighing of the horse.
History
Part of a series on |
Chinese Buddhism |
---|
Kumārajīva, a revered monk and translator, was born in the oasis city-state of
The horse found passages through high mountains, across raging rivers, and water when needed.According to legend, when Kumārajīva reached the ancient city of Shazhou (Dunhuang) he stopped for several days at Puguang Temple to preach the scriptures. Just before he was due to leave, Tianliu became sick and died shortly after. He was devastated by the death of his faithful companion and built this unique nine-storied pagoda containing relics of the Buddha:[4]
"Kumārajīva was very sad. He erected a sacrificial altar for the white horse and performed Buddhist rites at it for nine days. In the courtyard of Puguang Temple he built the White Horse Pagoda."[5]
See also
- Horse in Chinese mythology
Footnotes
References
- Du and Wang (2005): Dunhuang & Silk Road. Compiled by: Du Doucheng and Wang Shuqing. Sea Sky Publishing House, Shenzhen, China, p. 52.
- van Schaik (2011–12): "The Diamond Sutra: History and Transmission. Sam van Schaik. IDP News, No. 38, Winter 2011-12. ISSN 1354-5914, pp. 2-3.
- Wood and Barnard (2010): The Diamond Sutra: The Story of the World's Earliest Printed Book. Francis Wood and Mark Barnard. British Library. ISBN 978-0-7123-5090-7.
- Wood and Barnard (2011-12): "Restoration of the Diamond Sutra." Francis Wood and Mark Barnard. IDP News, No. 38, Winter 2011-12. ISSN 1354-5914, pp. 4-5.