William Weston (prior)

Add links
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Arms of Weston: Ermine, on a chief azure five bezants
Wriothesley Garter Book. Weston, as Prior of the Order of St John, Premier Baron, is the figure dressed in black sitting at the right end of the crossbench with the barons,[1]
facing the king
Cadaver monument to Sir William Weston formerly in St Mary's Church, the Priory Church of St John, Clerkenwell, drawn before 1788. Today only the cadaver effigy survives. Arms of Weston quartering Camell above, with crest of a Saracen's head. With matrices of missing monumental brasses and decorated with crosses of the Order of St John

Sir William Weston (c. 1470 – 7 May 1540) was the last Prior of the

cadaver effigy survives in the crypt of the Priory Church of St John, Clerkenwell in Middlesex
(now in central London), the former headquarters of the Order.

Origins

William Weston was born in about 1470, the second son of Edmund Weston of

Governor of Guernsey, Treasurer of Calais and Under-Treasurer of the Exchequer
.

His family had already been intimately connected with the Order of the Knights of St John. His uncle Sir John Weston had served as Lord Prior of England from 1476 to 1489 and two more of his uncles had held the post of "

Turcopolier", or commander of the light cavalry, an office generally conferred on the most illustrious knights of the "English language", one of whom was probably the William Weston who defended Rhodes against the Turks in 1480.[4]

Career

In 1498, Weston was granted

Turcopolier" in place of Sir John Bouch, who had been slain during the siege. He was also placed in command of a ship in the Navy of the Order of Saint John known as the Great Carrack (Santa Anna), "the first iron-clad recorded in history...sheathed with metal and perfectly cannon-proof (with) room for five hundred men, and provisions for six months".[7]

Also in 1523 Weston, with the universal consent of the English knights, was granted the right of succession to the priories of England and Ireland. In 1524 he was sent on an embassy to the court of King

Henry VIII on behalf of the Order; on 27 June 1527, following the death of Prior Thomas Docwra, he was appointed Lord Prior of England, by bull
of the Grand Master.

The Lord Prior had his headquarters at Clerkenwell Priory, on the edge of the City of London, and ranked as premier baron in the roll of peers. There was some difficulty over the appointment and a rumour was current that the King Henry intended, after having conferred the office on a favourite, to separate the English knights from the rest of the order, and to station them at Calais, his personal possession. The matter was settled by a personal visit to him of Grand Master Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam, the heroic defender of Rhodes, following which Henry assented to the appointment of Sir William Weston and withdrew his first claim for a yearly tribute of £4,000 from the new Prior.[8] In 1535 Weston was present at a ball given by Morette, the French ambassador.

Death and burial

Weston died on 7 May 1540, the day on which the Order in England was

cadaver tomb effigy, described by John Weever in 1631 as "a faire marble tombe, with the portraiture of a dead man lying upon his shroud: the most artificially[10] cut in stone that ever man beheld".[11] [12] In 1788, prior to the complete rebuilding of the church, the monument was dismantled and its parts dispersed. However, its cadaver effigy was preserved in the new church until 1931, when it was removed to its present location in the crypt of St John's church, the historic Priory Church of the Order of St John, which had been reacquired for use as a chapel by the revived order.[13][14][15]

See also

  • List of the priors of St John of Jerusalem in England

Notes

  1. ^ see DNB articles Shelley, Sir Richard, and Tresham, Sir Thomas, d. 1559; and titular English priors, in most cases Italians by birth, continued to be appointed till the dissolution of the order in 1798 Clarke 1899, p. 377

References

  1. ^ Catalogue entry from 'Royal Treasures, A Golden Jubilee Celebration', London 2002, quoted by the Royal Collection website[1]
  2. ^ although an abortive attempt was made to revive the "English Langue" of the Order by Queen Mary (1553-1558)
  3. ^ Clarke 1899, p. 377 cites Friedmann, Anne Boleyn, 1884, ii. 54.
  4. ^ Clarke 1899, p. 377 cites Harl. MS. 1561; Notes and Queries, 1st ser. xi. 201.
  5. ^ Whittemore 2014, p. 274
  6. ^ Clarke 1899, p. 377 cites Chron. of Calais, p. 6.
  7. ^ Harrison 1899, p. 88.
  8. ^ Clarke 1899, p. 377 cites Taafe, iii. 280.
  9. ^ Whittemore 2014, pp. 275–6
  10. ^ i.e. artfully, skilled
  11. ^ Weever, John, Ancient Funerall Monuments, 1767 edition (first published 1631), London, p.213[2]
  12. ^ Whittemore 2014, pp. 276–9
  13. ^ Whittemore 2014, pp. 278–81
  14. ISBN 9780300137279
    .
  15. ^ "Tomb Effigy of William Weston, Clerkenwell". Gettyimages. 29 April 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2021.

Sources

Attribution

  •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Clarke, Ernest (1899). "Weston, William (d.1540)". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 60. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 377–278.
    • Letters and Papers of Henry VIII, ed. Brewer and Gairdner, passim;
    • Notes and Queries, 1st ser. xi. 201, and authorities there cited;
    • Hutchins's Dorset, ii. 553, iii. 676;
    • Porter's Hist. of the Knights of Malta, 1858, ii. 285, 290, 322, 323;
    • Taafe's Hist. of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, 1852, iii. 148, 243, 276–81, iv, App. xxx;
    • Manning and Bray's Hist. of Surrey, i. 133;
    • Harrison's Annals of an old Manor House, 1893, pp. 66–71.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Weston_(prior)&oldid=1218722594"