Wisconsin Army National Guard

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Wisconsin Army National Guard
Commander in Chief
Governor Tony Evers
Interim Adjutant GeneralBrigadier General David W. May
Deputy Adjutant General - ArmyBrigadier General Matthew J. Strub

The Wisconsin Army National Guard has dual state and federal roles, and is jointly funded and maintained by both governments. Its federal mission is to provide trained units to the United States Army in time of war or national emergency. Its state mission is to help civil authorities protect life and property and preserve peace, order, and public safety in times of natural or human-caused emergencies. The governor, who is the commander in chief of the Guard when it is not activated for federal service, appoints the adjutant general who directs the Wisconsin Department of Military Affairs, of which the Guard is a part. Members of the National Guard are typically part-time soldiers who attend unit drills one weekend per month and serve a two-week annual tour of active duty. All officers and enlisted personnel must meet the same physical, education, and other eligibility requirements as members of the active-duty services.

Sparta Army National Guard
Sparta, Wisconsin
Wisconsin Army National Guard - Onalaska
Onalaska, Wisconsin
Wisconsin Army National Guard facilities

History

In 1848, the first session of the

Afghanistan and Iraq
.

Pre–World War I

Charge of the Iron Brigade, ancestor to the 32nd Infantry Division, at the Battle of Antietam, 17 September 1862
Wisconsin State Militia, Civil War Officer's Uniform.

Called the State Militia until 1879, the

companies recruited from throughout Wisconsin and was organized and activated into Federal service. The 2nd Wisconsin was joined by several other regiments to form the famous Iron Brigade, which soon became one of the most feared and respected units on either side in the Civil War for its performance in such battles as Antietam and Gettysburg.[3]
It was nicknamed the Iron Jaw Division for its toughness in combat.

The 4th Infantry Battalion, Wisconsin National Guard, was organized on 25 April 1884 from Milwaukee companies.[3] They were expanded and in 1890 redesignated as the 4th Infantry Regiment which was activated for Federal service in the war with Spain. They were reorganized on 10 June 1899 as the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Infantry Regiments in the Wisconsin National Guard.

In 1916, Troop A was stationed at the

Pancho Villa during the Pancho Villa Expedition. Troop B was ordered to Camp Wilson
near San Diego, California, and on arrival were assigned as the Divisional Headquarters Troop of the 12th Provisional Division until the final breaking up of that division.

The 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Infantry Regiments were mustered into Federal service on 30 June 1916 for Mexican Border service. The Guard unit's Troop A and Troop B were mustered out of Federal Service on 20 October 1916 and 6 March 1917, respectively. The regiments were mustered out at Fort Sheridan, Illinois, on 19 January 1917 (1st), 28 February 1917 (2nd), and 14 December 1916 (3rd).

World War I

When the United States declared war on Germany on 11 April 1917, the Wisconsin

Adjutant General ordered the Milwaukee Troops to add a squadron, and Troop C and Troop D were added. The Guard units' Troop A and Troop B had been mustered out of Federal Service less than a year earlier on 20 October 1916 and 6 March 1917, respectively. The Adjutant General then directed the unit to add a new regiment, and the Second and Third Squadrons were formed as the First Wisconsin Cavalry, with units organized in various cities. Troop E commanded by Captain John S. Coney was formed in Kenosha on 10 May 1917, and the Wisconsin Cavalry was officially formed on 29 May 1917.[4]

Only two months later, the 32nd Division was activated in July 1917 at

57th Field Artillery Brigade. On 4 August 1917, Battery F, 121st Field Artillery regiment was the first unit to arrive at Camp MacArthur. The remainder arrived as soon as trains could be mustered for transportation.[6]

While the Wisconsin National Guard was deployed abroad, the Wisconsin State Guard was organized to temporarily replace the Wisconsin National Guard as the designated militia of Wisconsin and to assume the duties of the National Guard units until the National Guard units returned.[7]

Structure

There are currently about 9,600 members in the Wisconsin National Guard. They reside in all of the state's 72 counties, ranging from fewer than ten in several lightly populated counties in the northeastern part of the state to about 1,100 each in

Milwaukee, Wisconsin
. In addition, the 426th Regiment (Regional Training Institute) is also active, heir to the traditions of the 426th Infantry Regiment.

32nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team

Main article: 32nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States)

The 32nd Infantry Brigade is the largest unit in the

National Guard. Formed in 1967 from the inactivated 32nd Infantry Division
, the Red Arrow Brigade consists of three battalions of light infantry, one squadron of cavalry, as well as support and engineer units.

157th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade

Main article: 157th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade

The 157th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade is based at

Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It was formed from the inactivated 57th Field Artillery Brigade and 264th Engineer Group.[8]

64th Troop Command

Main article: 64th Troop Command

The 64th Troop Command provides administrative, training and logistical support to unique, specialized or smaller Wisconsin Army National Guard units that are not part of other major deployable units. The command includes aviation, sustainment and support, personnel, CBRN, band, transportation, maintenance, public affairs, rear area operations command, and medical units.[9]

Historic units

The Light Horse Squadron Armory (State Arsenal) in Milwaukee, 1893

See also

References

  1. ^ "Reserve Forces Military by State". Governing. 30 September 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  2. ^ "Wisconsin National Guard". Wisconsin Historical Society. Retrieved 30 April 2009.
  3. ^ a b c "2-128". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 4 April 2009.
  4. ^ "1st Battalion, 126th Field Artillery". 23 May 2005. Archived from the original on 15 November 2008. Retrieved 18 November 2008.
  5. ^ "World War I". Department of Military and Veteran's Affairs. Archived from the original on 28 December 2008. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
  6. ^ "Birth of the Thirty-Second Division". Retrieved 12 February 2009.
  7. Milwaukee, Wisconsin
    . Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  8. ^ 157th MEB Homepage
  9. ^ "64th Troop Command". Wisconsin Department of Military Affairs. December 25, 2016.

External links

Army National Guard, official sites
History
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