Qin–Lian Yue

The Qin–Lian language (Hamlim Jijin or Hamlim Jujin; Chinese: 欽廉语言; from the names of Qinzhou and Lianzhou) is a southern branch of Yue Chinese spoken in the coastal part of Guangxi, including 3 main cities: Beihai, Qinzhou, Fangchenggang, and four subject counties: Hepu, Pubei, Lingshan, Dongxing.

Etymology

Qin–Lian refers to

Middle Chinese had a series of voiced initials, but voicing has been lost throughout Yue and most other modern Chinese varieties apart from Wu and Old Xiang. The reflexes of the voiced

• Plain Speech (PS,
  Standard Cantonese,^[5] and sometimes they are defined as 'Cantonese (Yuehai variety
  ) Languages in Qin-Lian areas'. Each of them share highly close even same consonant shifting pattern at some point compared with Standard Cantonese. However, they are hard to be mutually intelligible with other Qin-Lian non-Cantonese Languages.
  • Beihai dialect
  • Qinzhou dialect
  • Fangcheng dialect
  • Lingshan downtown dialect
• Transitional dialects[
  Gaoyang-Yuehai (Plain Speech dialect continuum of South Guangxi-West Guangdong-PRD) dialects spoken by some minorities in Beihai
  . In this dialects group, the speakers have significantly personal characters. The elder may but not all traditionally possess accents of Yuehai (popularly known as 'Standard Cantonese') or West Guangdong's as the language core, alongside the elements of Beihai accent (or "Pakhoi accent"). The young and middle age are tend to be naturalized by native Beihai accent with some obvious accents elements from Yuehai.
  • Naamhong dialect (Chinese: 南康白話), is only spoken in the downtown of Town of Nankang, Beihai. This dialect is closer to Gao-Yang and Yuehai more than Beihai. However, the most widely used in Town of Nankang is Nga Language, mostly in hinterland.
  • Tanka dialect
    (Chinese: 蜑家話) is spoken by Tanka People who are mostly living in Waishaqiao (Chinese: 外沙橋), the north bank of Beihai
    , some very elderly people speak in the absolute Tanka accent (a special subgroup of Yuehai), the middle age and the young speak in mixed accents with Beihai PS.
  • Overseas-Chinese Plain Speech
    (Chinese: 華僑白話) is spoken by the people living in Town of Qiaogang, Beihai, majorly consist of Chinese-Vietnamese refugees expelled during the anti-China protest in Vietnam in 1975. Overseas-Chinese accents are complex, the minority speak in accents of Yuehai or Tanka, the majority speak in a mixed accent with Beihai PS, or minorer Limchownese Language.
  • Saanhau dialect
    (Chinese: 山口白話) is only spoken in the downtown of Town of Shankou Beihai, which is the border Province of Guangxi and Province of Guangdong. It is close to Guangzhou Cantonese.
• Lianzhou dialect (Limzau), also called hoi caat waa (海獺話, "the tongue of the sea otters") and maa lau waa(麻佬話, "the tongue of people in sackcloth"), are spoken in Hepu(Lianzhou as the center city), in the southern part of Pubei and in the coastal areas of Qinzhou and Fangchenggang.^[4]
• Nga dialect
• Coastal dialects (Chinese: 海邊話), also named Civilian Language (Chinese: 百姓話) is spoken in Town of Shatian Beihai. This language is debatable which languages group it belongs to, sometimes it will be stated as Min Language. However, it shares many indigenous words with Limchownese Language and Nga Language.
• Lingshan dialect (Lingsaan, Chinese: 靈山話) are widely spoken in the countryside of Lingshan and Pubei Qinzhou.^[4]
• Xiaojiang dialect (Sliugong, Chinese: 小江話) is spoken in Xiaojiang (Sliugong), the downtown of Pubei.^[4]
• Slanlap dialect (Chinese: 新立話) is spoken in District of Qinbei, north of Qinzhou. 'Slanlap' (Chinese: 新立) is a historical name in northern Qinzhou.