Regina, Saskatchewan
Regina | |
---|---|
City of Regina | |
![]() From top, left to right: Downtown Regina skyline, Victoria Park, Saskatchewan Legislative Building, Prince Edward Building, Dr. John Archer Library the Royal Saskatchewan Museum. | |
"The Queen City"[1] | |
Motto(s): Floreat Regina ("May Regina Flourish")[2] | |
Coordinates: 50°27′17″N 104°36′24″W / 50.45472°N 104.60667°W[3] | |
Country | Canada |
Province | Saskatchewan |
Rural municipality | Sherwood |
Established | 1882 |
Named for | Latin for "queen", named for Queen Victoria |
Government | |
• City Mayor | Sandra Masters[4] |
• Governing body | Regina City Council
List of City Councillors
|
• MPs | List of MPs
|
• MLAs | List of MLAs |
Area | |
• S4K – S4Z | |
Area code(s) | 306, 639, and 474 |
NTS Map | 72I7 Regina |
GNBC Code | HAIMP[7] |
Website | regina |
Regina (/rɪˈdʒaɪnə/ ri-JEYE-nə) is the capital city of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The city is the second-largest in the province, after Saskatoon, and is a commercial centre for southern Saskatchewan. As of the 2021 census, Regina had a city population of 226,404, and a metropolitan area population of 249,217.[8][9] It is governed by Regina City Council. The city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Sherwood No. 159.
Regina was
Unlike other
In 1912, the
History
Early history (1882–1945)
Regina was established as the territorial seat of government in 1882 when
Lieutenant-Governor Dewdney had acquired land adjacent to the route of the future CPR line at Pile-of-Bones, which was distinguished only by collections of bison bones near a small spring run-off creek, some few kilometres downstream from its origin in the midst of what are now wheat fields. There was an "obvious conflict of interest" in Dewdney's choosing the site of Pile-of-Bones as the territorial seat of government[22] and it was a national scandal at the time.[23] But until 1897, when responsible government was accomplished in the Territories,[24] the lieutenant-governor and council governed by fiat and there was little legitimate means of challenging such decisions outside the federal capital of Ottawa. There, the Territories were remote and of little concern. Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll, wife of the then Governor General of Canada, named the new community Regina, in honour of her mother, Queen Victoria.[25]
Commercial considerations prevailed and the town's authentic development soon began as a collection of wooden shanties and tent shacks clustered around the site designated by the CPR for its future station, some 3.2 km (2 mi) to the east of where Dewdney had reserved substantial landholdings for himself and where he sited the Territorial (now the Saskatchewan) Government House.[26]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/CourtHouseLouisRielTrial.jpg/220px-CourtHouseLouisRielTrial.jpg)
Regina attained national prominence in 1885 during the
Regina was incorporated as a city on 19 June 1903, with the MLA who introduced the charter bill,
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Damage_to_buildings_on_Lorne_St._after_cyclone.jpg/220px-Damage_to_buildings_on_Lorne_St._after_cyclone.jpg)
The "Regina Cyclone" was a tornado that devastated the city on 30 June 1912 and remains the deadliest tornado in Canadian history, with a total of 28 fatalities, the population of the city having been 30,213 in 1911. Green funnel clouds formed and touched down south of the city, tearing a swath through the residential area between Wascana Lake and Victoria Avenue, continuing through the downtown business district, rail yards, warehouse district, and northern residential area.
From 1920 to 1926 Regina used Single transferable vote (STV), a form of proportional representation, to elect its councillors. Councillors were elected in one at-large district. Each voter cast just a single vote, using a ranked transferable ballot.[31]
Regina grew rapidly until the beginning of the Great Depression, in 1929, though only to a small fraction of the originally anticipated population explosion as population centre of the new province. By this time, Saskatchewan was considered the third province of Canada[32] in both population and economic indicators. Thereafter, Saskatchewan never recovered its early promise and Regina's growth slowed and at times reversed.[citation needed]
In 1933, Regina hosted the first national convention
Modern history (1945–present)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Regina_Met_and_Army_%26_Navy_1965.jpg/220px-Regina_Met_and_Army_%26_Navy_1965.jpg)
The disappearance of the
Many buildings of significance and value were lost during the period from 1945 through approximately 1970: Knox
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Wascana_Lake_from_the_Legislative_building_in_the_70s.jpg/220px-Wascana_Lake_from_the_Legislative_building_in_the_70s.jpg)
In 1962 Wascana Centre Authority was established to govern the sprawling 50-year-old, 930 ha (2,300 acres) urban park and legislative grounds. A 100-year plan was developed by World Trade Centre Architect Minoru Yamasaki[36] and landscape architect Thomas Church, as part of developing a new University of Saskatchewan campus in the southeast end of the park. The master plan has been subsequently revised every five to seven years since, most recently in 2016.[37] Wascana Centre has made Regina as enjoyable and fulfilling for residents as it had long been the "metropole" for farmers and residents of small neighbouring towns. Despite the setting, improbable though it always was compared with other more likely sites for the capitol, the efforts' results were favourable.[citation needed]
The long-imperilled
Recently older buildings have been put to new uses, including the old Normal School on the Regina College campus of the University of Regina (now the Canada Saskatchewan Production Studios) and the old Post Office on the Scarth Street Mall. The Warehouse District, immediately adjacent to the central business district to the north of the CPR line, has become a desirable commercial and residential precinct as historic warehouses have been converted to retail, nightclubs and residential use.
Geography
The city is situated on a broad, flat, treeless plain. There is an abundance of parks and greenspaces: all of its trees — some 300,000
In recent years the pattern of primary and high school grounds being acreages of prairie sports grounds has been re-thought and such grounds have been landscaped with artificial hills and parks. Newer residential subdivisions in the northwest and southeast have, instead of spring runoff storm sewers, decorative landscaped lagoons.
The streetscape is now endangered by Dutch elm disease, which has spread through North America from the eastern seaboard and has now reached the Canadian prairies; for the time being it is controlled by pest management programs and species not susceptible to the disease are being planted; the disease has the potential to wipe out Regina's elm population.[43][44]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Regina_skyline_%282021_December%29.jpg/1000px-Regina_skyline_%282021_December%29.jpg)
Climate
Regina experiences a warm summer
Climate data for Regina International Airport, 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1883–present | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 10.4 (50.7) |
15.6 (60.1) |
24.4 (75.9) |
32.8 (91.0) |
37.2 (99.0) |
40.6 (105.1) |
43.9 (111.0) |
41.3 (106.3) |
37.2 (99.0) |
32.0 (89.6) |
23.6 (74.5) |
15.0 (59.0) |
43.9 (111.0) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −9.3 (15.3) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
0.4 (32.7) |
11.6 (52.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
22.8 (73.0) |
25.8 (78.4) |
25.5 (77.9) |
19.1 (66.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
9.3 (48.7) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −14.7 (5.5) |
−11.7 (10.9) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
4.8 (40.6) |
11.3 (52.3) |
16.2 (61.2) |
18.9 (66.0) |
18.1 (64.6) |
11.8 (53.2) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
3.1 (37.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −20.1 (−4.2) |
−17.0 (1.4) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
4.1 (39.4) |
9.5 (49.1) |
11.9 (53.4) |
10.7 (51.3) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−17.7 (0.1) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | −50.0 (−58.0) |
−47.8 (−54.0) |
−40.6 (−41.1) |
−28.9 (−20.0) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−16.1 (3.0) |
−26.1 (−15.0) |
−37.2 (−35.0) |
−48.3 (−54.9) |
−50.0 (−58.0) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 15.3 (0.60) |
9.4 (0.37) |
19.7 (0.78) |
24.1 (0.95) |
51.4 (2.02) |
70.9 (2.79) |
66.9 (2.63) |
44.8 (1.76) |
32.8 (1.29) |
24.5 (0.96) |
14.2 (0.56) |
15.7 (0.62) |
389.7 (15.34) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.6 (0.02) |
0.8 (0.03) |
5.1 (0.20) |
18.1 (0.71) |
47.6 (1.87) |
70.9 (2.79) |
66.9 (2.63) |
44.8 (1.76) |
32.1 (1.26) |
18.3 (0.72) |
3.1 (0.12) |
0.5 (0.02) |
308.9 (12.16) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 19.4 (7.6) |
11.4 (4.5) |
18.8 (7.4) |
6.9 (2.7) |
3.6 (1.4) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.7 (0.3) |
6.9 (2.7) |
13.0 (5.1) |
19.5 (7.7) |
100.2 (39.4) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 10.9 | 8.3 | 9.3 | 8.5 | 10.9 | 13.5 | 10.8 | 9.5 | 8.9 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 10.9 | 117.9 |
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 0.85 | 0.77 | 2.5 | 6.3 | 10.5 | 13.5 | 10.8 | 9.5 | 8.7 | 6.1 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 72.3 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 11.7 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 3.3 | 0.96 | 0.04 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.52 | 2.7 | 8.2 | 11.7 | 56.2 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
76.1 | 76.4 | 69.5 | 44.5 | 42.9 | 48.3 | 48.8 | 45.4 | 45.5 | 52.4 | 68.2 | 75.7 | 57.8 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 96.1 | 133.5 | 154.5 | 236.6 | 262.4 | 277.7 | 325.4 | 287.4 | 198.1 | 163.3 | 97.9 | 85.4 | 2,318.2 |
Percent possible sunshine | 36.3 | 47.2 | 42.0 | 57.3 | 54.8 | 56.6 | 65.8 | 63.9 | 52.1 | 48.9 | 36.0 | 34.0 | 49.6 |
Average ultraviolet index | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
Source: Environment Canada[47][48][49] and Weather Atlas[50] |
Cityscape
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Warehouse_District_2017.jpg/500px-Warehouse_District_2017.jpg)
Some neighbourhoods of note include:
- the remaining residential portion of the original town between the Wascana Lake
- the downtown business district, deemed "Market Square";
- the Cathedral Area;
- the historic and affluent Crescents area, immediately to the north of Wascana Creek west of the Albert Street bridge and dam which creates Wascana Lake;
- Germantown, originally a poor and ill-serviced area of continental Europeans;
- Lakeview, adjacent to the provincial Legislative Building and office buildings, a neighbourhood of some imposing mansions dating from before the First World War through the post-War '20s boom; and
- the Warehouse District, formerly the reception zone for freight, being redeveloped as desirable residential accommodation, restaurants, nightclubs and shopping precincts.
Bedroom communities
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Regina%2C_Streetscape.jpg/220px-Regina%2C_Streetscape.jpg)
From its first founding, particularly once motorcars were common, Reginans have retired to the nearby
Some of these towns have enjoyed something of a renaissance as a result of the excellent roads that for many decades seemed likely to doom them; they – and to some extent the nearby city of Moose Jaw – are now undergoing a mild resurgence as commuter satellites for Regina. Qu'Appelle, at one time intended to be the metropole for the original District of Assiniboia in the North-West Territories (as they then were), saw during the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s Regina cottagers pass through en route to the Qu'Appelle Valley; Highway 10, which bypassed Qu'Appelle, running directly from Balgonie to Fort Qu'Appelle off Highway Number 1, quickly ended this. Qu'Appelle has recently seen more interest taken in it as a place to live.[54] Fort Qu'Appelle and its neighbouring resort villages on the Fishing Lakes remain a summer vacation venue of choice;[55] Indian Head is far enough from Regina to have an autonomous identity but close enough that its charm and vitality attract commuters – it "has a range of professional services and tradespeople, financial institutions, and a number of retail establishments."[56] It was the scene of outdoor filming sequences in the CBC television series "Little Mosque on the Prairie."[57]
Culture
Regina has a substantial cultural life in music, theatre and dance, supported by the fine arts constituency at the University of Regina, which has faculties of music, theatre and arts. At various times this has attracted notable artistic talent: the
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/The_Conexus_Arts_Centre%2C_Regina%2C_SK.jpg/220px-The_Conexus_Arts_Centre%2C_Regina%2C_SK.jpg)
The Regina Symphony Orchestra, Canada's oldest continuously performing orchestra,[64] performs in the Saskatchewan Centre of the Arts (now the Conexus Arts Centre). Concerts and recitals are performed both by local and visiting musicians in the Centre of the Arts and assorted other auditoriums including the University of Regina. The Regina Conservatory of Music operates in the former girls' residence wing of the Regina College building.
The Regina Little Theatre began in 1926, and performed in Regina College before building its own theatre in 1981.[65] Regina lacked a large concert and live theatre venue for many years after the loss to fire of the Regina Theatre in 1938 and the demolition of the 1906 City Hall in 1964 at a time when preservation of heritage architecture was not yet a fashionable issue. But until the demolition of downtown cinemas which doubled as live theatres the lack was not urgent, and Darke Hall on the Regina College campus of the university provided a small concert and stage venue.
Annual festivals in and near Regina through the year include the Regina International Film Festival; Cathedral Village Arts Festival; the Craven Country Jamboree;[66] the Regina Folk Festival;[67] Queen City Pride; the Queer City Cinema film festival; the Regina Dragon Boat Festival;[68] and Mosaic, mounted by the Regina Multicultural Council,[69] which earned Heritage Canada's designation of 2004 "Cultural Capital of Canada" (in the over 125,000 population category).[70] The annual Kiwanis Music Festival affords rising musical talents the opportunity to achieve nationwide recognition. The city's summer agricultural exhibition was originally established in 1884 as the Assiniboia Agricultural Association, then from the mid-1960s and up until 2009 as Buffalo Days[71] then from that time until today, the Queen City Ex.[72]
This was remedied in 1970 with the construction of the
The Regina Public Library is a citywide library system with nine branches. Its facilities include the RPL Film theatre which plays non-mainstream cinema, the Dunlop Art Gallery, special literacy services and a prairie history collection.[79] The MacKenzie Art Gallery in Wascana Centre and the Dunlop Art Gallery have permanent collections and sponsor travelling exhibitions.[80] The Saskatchewan Archives and the Saskatchewan Genealogical Library also offer information for those interested in the people of Saskatchewan.
Parks and attractions
Regina has a substantial proportion of its overall area dedicated as parks and green spaces, with biking paths, cross-country skiing venues, and other recreational facilities throughout the city. Wascana Lake, the venue for summer boating activities, is regularly cleared of snow in winter for skating, and there are toboggan runs both in Wascana Centre and downstream on the banks of Wascana Creek. Victoria Park is in the central business district and numerous green spaces throughout the residential subdivisions and subdivisions in the north and west of the city contain large ornamental ponds to add interest to residential precincts such as Rochdale, Lakewood, Lakeridge, Spruce Meadows, and Windsor Park. Older school playing fields throughout the city have also been converted into landscaped parks.[81]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Buildings_in_Downtown_Regina_as_seen_from_Victoria_Park.jpg/220px-Buildings_in_Downtown_Regina_as_seen_from_Victoria_Park.jpg)
The city operates five municipal golf courses, including two in King's Park northeast of the city. Kings Park Recreation facility is also home to ball diamonds, picnic grounds, and stock car racing. Within half an hour's drive are the summer cottage and camping country and winter ski resorts in the
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Regina_skyline_from_Wascana_Park.jpg/220px-Regina_skyline_from_Wascana_Park.jpg)
By the 1920s, with Boggy Creek as a source of domestic water and wells into the aquifer under Regina, Wascana Lake had ceased to have a utilitarian purpose and had become a primarily recreational facility, with bathing and boating its principal uses. It was drained in the 1930s as part of a government relief project; 2,100 men widened and dredged the lake bed and created two islands using only hand tools and horse-drawn wagons.[83]
During the fall and winter of 2003–2004, Wascana Lake was again
Downstream from Wascana Lake, Wascana Creek continues to provide a lush parkland on its increasingly intensively developed perimeter; in the northwest quadrant of the city Wascana Creek has a second weir with a smaller reservoir in A.E. Wilson Park.
Visitor attractions
Regina is a travel destination for residents of southeastern Saskatchewan and the immediately adjacent regions of the neighbouring US states of North Dakota and Montana, and an intermediate stopping point for travellers on the Trans-Canada Highway. Tourism is promoted by Tourism Regina. Attractions for visitors in Regina include:
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Regina_Museum_%28natural_history_and_indigenous_persons%29.jpg/220px-Regina_Museum_%28natural_history_and_indigenous_persons%29.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Casino_Regina.jpg/220px-Casino_Regina.jpg)
- Wascana Centre, a 9.3 km2 (3.6 sq mi) park around Wascana Lake bringing together lands containing government, recreational, cultural, educational and environmental buildings and facilities.
- Victoria Park in downtown Regina offers the Regina Folk Festival and other outdoor festivities including the nearby Farmers Market in the summertime.
- the Royal Saskatchewan Museum (a museum of natural history);
- the Saskatchewan Science Centre, housed in the 1914 Powerhouse on east Wascana Lake;
- the Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery[85] and numerous smaller galleries and museums;
- Romanian Orthodoxcathedral on Victoria Avenue in the East End;
- the Hotel Saskatchewan first opened by the CPR has accommodated royalty on numerous occasions and still maintains the ambiance of a bygone time
- Knox-Metropolitan United Church on Victoria Park in downtown Regina: the surviving downtown congregation of the United Church (Metropolitan Methodist and the now demolished or closed Knox, Carmichael and St Andrew's United Churches, previously Presbyterian, were its antecedents or now-defunct daughter congregations) with the largest pipe organ in Regina;
- the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) national training centre and the museum;
- Lieutenant-Governor holds an annual levéeon New Year's Day;
- Casino Regina, in the old Union Station;
- the Old Post Officebuilding on the Scarth Street Mall;
- events held at Mosaic Stadium sports stadium and the Saskatchewan Centre of the Arts;
- REAL District, formerly summer agricultural fair every August; and
- the Canadian Western Agribition,[88] a winter agricultural show and marketplace every November.
The former large-scale Children's Day Parade and Travellers' Day Parade during Fair Week in the summer, which were substantially supported by the Masons and Shriners, has become the fair parade as such service clubs have lost vitality; the Regina Exhibition's travelling midway divides its time among other western Canadian and US cities. A Santa Claus parade is now mounted during the lead-up to Christmas.
Sports
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Mosaic_Stadium_Exterior.jpg/220px-Mosaic_Stadium_Exterior.jpg)
The Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League play their home games at Mosaic Stadium in Regina. Formed in 1910 as the Regina Rugby Club and renamed the Regina Roughriders in 1924 and the Saskatchewan Roughriders in 1946,[89] the "Riders" are a community-owned team with a loyal fan base; out-of-town season ticket holders often travel 300–400 km (190–250 mi) or more to attend home games.[90] The team has won the Grey Cup on four occasions, in 1966, 1989,[91] 2007, and 2013.[92] Regina is also home to a successful women's football team, the Regina Riot of the Western Women's Canadian Football League. The Riot have won three league championships, in 2015, 2017, and 2018.
Other sports teams in Regina include the four-time Memorial Cup champion Regina Pats of the Western Hockey League, the Regina Thunder of the Canadian Junior Football League, the Prairie Fire of the Rugby Canada Super League, the Regina Red Sox of the Western Canadian Baseball League, and the University of Regina's Regina Cougars/Regina Rams of U Sports. Regina is also where all Water Polo players from Saskatchewan centralize, Regina's team being Water Polo Armada.
Regina's curling teams have distinguished the city for many decades. Richardson Crescent commemorates the Richardson curling team of the 1950s. In recent years Olympic Gold medal winner Sandra Schmirler and her rink occasioned vast civic pride; the Sandra Schmirler Leisure Centre in east Regina commemorates her. Regina held the 1973, 1983, and 2011 World Men's Curling Championship. The city has two curling clubs: The Caledonian and the Highland.
North-east of the city lies Kings Park Speedway, a ⅓-mile paved oval used for stock car racing since the late 1960s. Regina hosted the Western Canada Summer Games in 1975, and again in 1987, as well as being the host city for the 2005 Canada Summer Games. Regina also held the 2014 North American Indigenous Games.
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1901 | 2,249 | — |
2021 | 226,404 | +5.3% |
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Regina had a population of 226,404 living in 92,129 of its 99,134 total private dwellings, a change of 5.3% from its 2016 population of 215,106. With a land area of 178.81 km2 (69.04 sq mi), it had a population density of 1,266.2/km2 (3,279.4/sq mi) in 2021.[93]
At the
The 2021 census reported that immigrants (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 45,210 persons or 20.3% of the total population of Regina. Of the total immigrant population, the top countries of origin were Philippines (9,840 persons or 21.8%), India (7,385 persons or 16.3%), China (2,905 persons or 6.4%), Pakistan (2,640 persons or 5.8%), Nigeria (2,235 persons or 4.9%), Vietnam (1,410 persons or 3.1%), United Kingdom (1,380 persons or 3.1%), Bangladesh (1,240 persons or 2.7%), United States of America (1,155 persons or 2.6%), and Ukraine (885 persons or 2.0%).[95]
Ethnicity
In absolute numbers of Aboriginal population, Regina ranked seventh among CMAs in Canada with an "Aboriginal-identity population of 15,685 (8.3% of the total city population), of which 9,200 were First Nations, 5,990 Métis, and 495 other Aboriginal."[96]
Panethnic group |
2021[95] | 2016[97] | 2011[98] | 2006[99] | 2001[100] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |||||
European[a] | 142,440 | 63.85% | 150,110 | 70.88% | 149,225 | 78.65% | 147,955 | 83.63% | 150,515 | 85.71% | ||||
Indigenous | 23,290 | 10.44% | 20,925 | 9.88% | 18,750 | 9.88% | 16,535 | 9.35% | 15,295 | 8.71% | ||||
South Asian | 19,200 | 8.61% | 12,330 | 5.82% | 4,885 | 2.57% | 1,945 | 1.1% | 1,665 | 0.95% | ||||
Southeast Asian[b] | 15,525 | 6.96% | 11,060 | 5.22% | 6,635 | 3.5% | 2,445 | 1.38% | 2,175 | 1.24% | ||||
African
|
9,820 | 4.4% | 6,330 | 2.99% | 3,065 | 1.62% | 2,125 | 1.2% | 1,555 | 0.89% | ||||
East Asian[c] | 6,760 | 3.03% | 6,430 | 3.04% | 4,185 | 2.21% | 3,825 | 2.16% | 2,750 | 1.57% | ||||
Middle Eastern[d] | 2,920 | 1.31% | 2,275 | 1.07% | 1,060 | 0.56% | 700 | 0.4% | 475 | 0.27% | ||||
Latin American | 1,410 | 0.63% | 1,180 | 0.56% | 1,270 | 0.67% | 955 | 0.54% | 770 | 0.44% | ||||
Other/Multiracial[e] | 1,700 | 0.76% | 1,140 | 0.54% | 670 | 0.35% | 425 | 0.24% | 400 | 0.23% | ||||
Total responses | 223,070 | 98.53% | 211,780 | 98.45% | 189,740 | 98.26% | 176,910 | 98.7% | 175,605 | 98.53% | ||||
Total population | 226,404 | 100% | 215,106 | 100% | 193,100 | 100% | 179,246 | 100% | 178,225 | 100% | ||||
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses |
Religion
According to the 2021 census, religious groups in Regina included:[95]
- Christianity (117,905 persons or 52.9%)
- Irreligion (79,020 persons or 35.4%)
- Islam (10,360 persons or 4.6%)
- Hinduism (6,565 persons or 2.9%)
- Sikhism (4,305 persons or 1.9%)
- Buddhism (1,790 persons or 0.8%)
- Indigenous Spirituality(1,210 persons or 0.5%)
- Judaism(365 persons or 0.2%)
- Other (1,555 persons or 0.7%)
According to the 2011 Census, 67.9% of the population identify as
Economy
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Regina_from_Number_1_Highway.jpg/220px-Regina_from_Number_1_Highway.jpg)
Regina, as the capital of Saskatchewan, is the headquarters of a number of Saskatchewan Government organizations, including the Saskatchewan Legislative Building, provincial government ministries, and agencies, boards, and commissions. Also, Crown Investments Corporation and a number of the Crown Corporations it holds, including SaskEnergy, Sask Gaming, SGI, SaskPower, and SaskTel, are based in Regina. The Innovation Place Research Park immediately adjacent to the University of Regina campus hosts several science and technology companies which conduct research activities in conjunction with University departments.
Oil and
Modern transport has obviated the development of a significant manufacturing sector and local petroleum refining facilities: the General Motors assembly plant north on Winnipeg Street, built in 1927 – when Saskatchewan's agricultural economy was booming and briefly made it the third province of Canada after Ontario and Quebec in both population (at just under one million people, roughly the same population as today[103]) and GDP – ceased production during the depression of the 1930s. It was resumed by the federal crown during World War II and housed Regina Wartime Industries Ltd., where 1,000 people were engaged in armaments manufacture.[106] It was not returned to private automotive manufacture after the war and became derelict.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Riddell_Building%2C_New_Campus.jpg/300px-Riddell_Building%2C_New_Campus.jpg)
EVRAZ is a leading world producer of steel plate and pipe. Its Regina operations were founded as Prairie Pipe Manufacturing Company Ltd. on July 13, 1956, a steel pipe plant designed to build small-diameter pipe to serve the Saskatchewan market.[107] The government-owned Saskatchewan Power Corporation, in the process of expanding Saskatchewan's commercial and residential delivery of natural gas, agreed to purchase its tubular requirements from Prairie Pipe. To supply Prairie Pipe with its own steel supply, a new enterprise named Interprovincial Steel Corporation was founded in 1957, and built a small steel mill on property adjacent to Prairie Pipe.[107] In 1959, Prairie Pipe purchased all the assets of Interprovincial Steel Corporation because the latter ran into financial difficulties. As a result of this merger, the company became known as Interprovincial Steel and Pipe Corporation, or IPSCO Inc. for short.[107] As of July 2007, it was a wholly owned subsidiary of the Swedish steel company SSAB. On June 12, 2008, Evraz completed its acquisition of IPSCO Inc. from SSAB for approximately US$2.9 billion.[108]
Regina has had the presence of oil refineries in the city. The Co-op Refinery Complex maintains an 103,000 bbl/d (16,400 m3/d) refinery and, together with the Province, an upgrading operation for heavy crude oil.[109] Imperial Oil (the Canadian subsidiary of Standard Oil, now ExxonMobil), maintained a refinery on Winnipeg Street in Regina for many years. This refinery shut down in 1975.[110]
In the 1990s, a couple of organizations relocated their headquarters to Regina. Farm Credit Canada, a Federal Government Crown Corporation, relocated its headquarters to Regina from Ottawa in 1992.[111] Crown Life, a significant Canadian and international insurance company, transferred its national head office from Toronto to Regina in 1993 but was acquired by Canada Life in 1998 and the corporate head office returned to Toronto, though with assurances that the company would retain a strong presence in Regina.[112]
On 19 May 2009 it was announced that
The Mosaic Company has an office in Regina. This office serves as the headquarters for the company's Potash Business Unit.[1]
Education
Primary and secondary schooling
The
A small number of parents choose to opt out of the public and separate school systems for home-schooling under the guidance of the Regina Public School Board. Luther College (affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada) is a historical, independent high school; the Regina Huda School offers Islamic education; Harvest City Christian Academy is a private school (occupying the former Sister McGuigan High School site); and the Regina Christian School (in the former Campion College premises) operates as an Associate school of the Regina Public School Division. Historically there were eminent private schools long since closed: Regina College, now the University of Regina but originally a private high school of the Methodist Church of Canada (since 1925 the United Church); the Anglican St Chad's School; the Roman Catholic Campion College, Sacred Heart Academy and Marian High School.
University of Regina
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/John_Archer_Library%2C_University_of_Regina.jpg/220px-John_Archer_Library%2C_University_of_Regina.jpg)
In the years prior to the establishment of the
Ultimately, the financially hard-pressed United Church of Canada (the successor to the Methodist Church), which in any case had ideological difficulties with the concept of fee-paying private schooling given its longstanding espousal of universal free education from the time of its early father Egerton Ryerson, could no longer maintain Regina College during the Great Depression of the 1930s, and Regina College was disaffiliated from the Church and surrendered to the University of Saskatchewan; it became the Regina Campus of the University of Saskatchewan in 1961. After a protracted contretemps over the siting of several faculties in Saskatoon which had been promised to the Regina campus, Regina Campus sought and obtained a separate charter as the University of Regina in 1974.
Saskatchewan Polytechnic
The Regina campus[117] of this province-wide polytechnic institute is adjacent to the University of Regina. It occupies the former Plains Health Centre, previously a third hospital in Regina which in the course of rationalizing health services in Saskatchewan was in due course closed. It offers certificates, diplomas, and applied degrees in trade, skilled labour, and professional fields.[118]
RCMP Academy, Depot Division
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police Academy, "Depot" Division, is on the western perimeter of the city. As capital of the North-West Territories, Regina was the headquarters of the Royal North-West Mounted Police (the RCMP's predecessor) before "the Force" became a national body with its headquarters in Ottawa in 1920. The city takes great pride in this national institution which is a major visitor attraction and a continuing link with Regina's past as the headquarters of the Force, together with longstanding substantial enrollment by trainees from across Canada, obtaining entertainment and recreation citywide. It offers sunset ceremonies and parade in the summertime. The national RCMP music and "Depot" Division chapel (the oldest building still standing in the city) are major visitor attractions in Regina. The first phase of a RCMP Heritage Centre successor to the longstanding museum opened in May 2007.
Infrastructure
Domestic water was originally obtained from Wascana Lake and later the Boggy Creek reservoir north of the city and supplemented by wells, however by the 1940s this was proving inadequate to meet the city's water supply needs. Today, drinking water is supplied from Buffalo Pound Lake in the
Medical services are provided through three city hospitals, Regina General, Pasqua (formerly Grey Nuns), and Wascana Rehabilitation Centre and by private medical practitioners, who, like hospitals, remit their bills to the public universal medical insurer, the Saskatchewan Medicare system.[120]
Policing
The Regina Police Service is the primary police service for the city of Regina and holds both Municipal and Provincial Jurisdiction. It was formed in 1892. It employs 347 sworn officers and 139 unsworn employees. The current chief of police is Farooq Hassan Sheikh.[121]
The following services also hold jurisdiction in the city and are in partnership:
Crime
Despite having fallen in recent years, Regina's crime rate remains among the highest in Canada. Regina's overall police-reported crime rate was second highest in the country in 2012. Also, the relative severity of crimes in Regina is quite high and the city continues to top the national Crime Severity Index.[123] Regina's crime rate declined 10% from 2011 to 2012.[123] Regina also has one of the highest rates of intravenous drug use in Canada.[124]
Crime in Regina, SK by Neighbourhood (2013)[125][126][127] | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neighbourhood | Population (2011) | Robberies | Rate | Homicides | Rate | Sexual Assaults | Rate | Burglaries (break and enter) | Rate | |||
North Central | 10150 | 77 | 758.6 | 3 | 29.6 | 21 | 206.9 | 255 | 2512.3 | |||
Centre Square/Market Square | 3880 | 24 | 618.6 | 1 | 25.8 | 6 | 154.6 | 32 | 824.7 | |||
Eastview/Warehouse | 1885 | 5 | 265.3 | 2 | 106.1 | 4 | 212.2 | 122 | 6472.1 | |||
Core Group (Heritage Park, Downtown) | 6145 | 16 | 260.4 | 1 | 16.3 | 12 | 195.3 | 63 | 1025.2 | |||
Cathedral | 6505 | 15 | 230.6 | 1 | 15.4 | 7 | 107.6 | 62 | 953.1 | |||
Al Ritchie | 7810 | 9 | 115.2 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 102.4 | 77 | 985.9 | |||
Gladmer Park/Wascana Park | 1870 | 2 | 107 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 160.4 | 10 | 534.8 | |||
Hillsdale | 5725 | 6 | 104.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 366.8 | |||
North East | 7340 | 7 | 95.4 | 1 | 13.6 | 3 | 40.9 | 61 | 831.1 | |||
Albert Park | 12530 | 8 | 63.8 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 31.9 | 57 | 454.9 | |||
Dieppe | 1630 | 1 | 61.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 1104.3 | |||
Uplands | 5325 | 3 | 56.3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 56.3 | 20 | 375.6 | |||
Lakeview | 7720 | 4 | 51.8 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 38.9 | 101 | 1308.3 | |||
Twin Lakes | 5850 | 3 | 51.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 31 | 529.9 | |||
Dewdney East | 17195 | 8 | 46.5 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 69.8 | 56 | 325.7 | |||
Coronation Park | 6855 | 3 | 43.8 | 1 | 14.6 | 7 | 102.1 | 45 | 656.5 | |||
Regent Park | 2805 | 1 | 35.7 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 107 | 21 | 748.7 | |||
Rosemont/Mount Royal | 8600 | 3 | 34.9 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 23.3 | 68 | 790.7 | |||
Normanview West | 2940 | 1 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 578.2 | |||
Walsh Acres | 11750 | 2 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | 289.4 | |||
Whitmore Park | 6450 | 1 | 15.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 155 | ||||
Prairie View | 7015 | 1 | 14.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 55 | 784 | |||
Arcola East: Gardiner Park, University Park | 24000 | 2 | 8.3 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 16.7 | 73 | 304.2 | |||
Sherwood Estates | 6450 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 15.5 | 16 | 248.1 | |||
Normanview | 4135 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 193.5 | |||
Argyle Park | 3795 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 553.4 | |||
Boothill | 2615 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 38.2 | 20 | 764.8 | |||
McNab | 915 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 765 | |||
Lakeridge | 6200 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Transportation
Public transportation
The city's public transit agency,
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Regina_buses_2755362172.jpg/220px-Regina_buses_2755362172.jpg)
Major roads in the city include Ring Road, a high speed connection between Regina's east and northwest that loops around the city's east side. The west side of the loop is formed by a south-north route, Lewvan Drive, which becomes Pasqua Street in the city's north end. This route connects the Trans-Canada highway and Highway 11. Also, the Regina Bypass encircles the city farther out.[129]
Inter-city transportation
By road, Regina can be reached by several highways including the Trans-Canada Highway from the west and east sides and four provincial highways (6, 11, 33, 46) from other directions.
By air, Regina International Airport serves Regina and area. As of January 2023, non-stop scheduled flights go to and from Calgary, Edmonton, Toronto, Vancouver, and Winnipeg. There are seasonal flights to and from Montreal (summer), Las Vegas, Orlando, Phoenix, and destinations in Mexico and the Caribbean (winter).[2] The airport is situated on the west side of the city and is the oldest established commercial airport in Canada.[41] The current, continually expanded, 1960 terminal replaces the original 1940 Art Deco terminal; it has recently undergone further major upgrades and expansions to allow it to handle increases in traffic for the next several years. Private aircraft is facilitated at the Regina Flying Club and Western Air hangars near the Regina International Airport.
By bus, Rider Express, whose Regina office and stop are located at 1517 11th Avenue,[3] provides direct inter-city bus service from Regina to centres along the Trans-Canada Highway and Highway 11.[4] The Saskatchewan Transportation Company (STC), a Saskatchewan Crown Corporation, provided bus service in the province until it was shut down in 2017.[5] Greyhound Canada discontinued service in Saskatchewan and Western Canada in 2018.[6] The five decades-old bus depot on Hamilton Street immediately south of the Hotel Saskatchewan was replaced in 2008 by one at 1717 Saskatchewan Drive (corner of Saskatchewan Drive and Broad Street). This building has been converted into the new Regina Police Service headquarters as of 2019.[130]
By rail, inter-city passenger train service has not operated in Regina since 1990. In the past, passenger trains constituted the principal mode of transportation among Western Canadian cities. The last Via Rail train left Regina on January 16, 1990. Regina's Union Station in the city's downtown became Casino Regina.[131]
Media
The daily newspaper for the city is
Prairie Dog was established in 1993 and is a free alternative newspaper and blog produced by a Saskatchewan worker co-operative. L'eau vive is a weekly newspaper publishing in French and serving all of Saskatchewan's francophone community.
The thirteen radio stations broadcasting from the city include
There are four private and public television channels broadcasting from Regina:
Friendship and sister city relations
The City of Regina maintains trade development programs, cultural, and educational partnerships in a
City | Country | Date |
---|---|---|
Bucharest | Romania | 2011 |
Jinan | China | 1987 |
Fujioka | Japan | 2019 |
Notable people
See also
Notes
- ^ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
- ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
- ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
- ^ Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
- ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.
References
- ^ "Canadian Geographic Kids!". cgkids.ca. Archived from the original on 7 December 2006.
- ^ "City of Regina". The Governor General of Canada. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
- ^ "Regina". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
- ^ Office of the Mayor
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (13 July 2022). "Focus on Geography Series, 2021 Census - Regina (Census subdivision)". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 24 December 2022.
- ^ "Statistics Canada. Table 36-10-0468-01 Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by census metropolitan area (CMA) (x 1,000,000)". Statistics Canada.
- ^ "Regina". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (9 February 2022). "Profile table, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population - Regina [Census metropolitan area], Saskatchewan". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 24 December 2022.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (9 February 2022). "Profile table, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population - Regina, City (CY) [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 24 December 2022.
- ^ Daria Coneghan, "Regina," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 29 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ Herrington, Ross (31 March 2007). "Saskatchewan Road and Railway Bridges to 1950: Inventory". Ministry of Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ Coneghan Archived 29 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ "Saskatchewan Science Centre website". Sasksciencecentre.com. Archived from the original on 28 March 2014. Retrieved 14 April 2014.
- ^ Regina's Old Warehouse District. Archived 17 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ Dagmar Skamlová, "Regina Cyclone," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 26 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ Steven J. Shirtliffe, "Agronomy," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 7 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ "The Regina Manifesto (1933) Archived 10 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine Co-operative Commonwealth Federation Programme, Adopted by the founding convention in Regina, Saskatchewan, July 1933." Socialist History Project. South Branch Publishing. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ "Saskatchewan Poised for Strong Economic Growth Says RBC Economics," Royal Bank of Canada Financial Group, March 30, 2007.. Retrieved 11 December 2007. Archived 18 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Daria Coneghan, "Regina," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 29 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 December 2007.
- ^ "Oskana kâ-asastêki". Itwêwina Plains Cree dictionary. Alberta Language Technology Lab. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
- ^ "History - Land Acknowledgement". MacKenzie Art Gallery. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
- ^ After his term as Lieutenant-Governor of the North-West Territories, Dewdney was again elected to Parliament and served as the member for Assiniboia East (now southeastern Saskatchewan) from 1888 to 1891. During this period he also served as minister of the Interior and superintendent of Indian Affairs. In 1892 he was appointed to the now non-executive post of Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia. He served in this post until 1897. He retired from politics in 1900 after unsuccessfully running for Parliament in New Westminster, British Columbia
- ^ Pierre Berton, The Last Spike: The Great Railway 1881–1885 (Toronto: McLelland and Stewart, 1973), 120
- ^ David J. Hall, "North-West Territories", Archived 25 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
- ^ Archer, John H. (1996). "Regina: A Royal City". Monarchy Canada Magazine. Spring 1996. Toronto: Monarchist League of Canada. Archived from the original on 9 February 2008. Retrieved 30 June 2009.
- ^ Pierre Berton, The Last Spike: The Great Railway 1881–1885 (Toronto: McLelland and Stewart, 1973), pp.121–23)
- ^ Berton, 379. Qu'Appelle Station had been founded as Troy in 1882, was renamed Qu'Appelle Station in 1884 when the CPR arrived, again renamed South Qu'Appelle in 1902 and as Qu'Appelle 1911. See Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan and David McLennon, "Qu'Appelle, The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 30 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 13 July 2007.
- ^ McLennon, "Qu'Appelle, The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 13 July 2007.
- ^ Maggie Siggins, Riel: A Life of Revolution (Toronto: HarperCollins, 1994), 447.
- ^ Mein, Lillian; Mein, Stewart (eds), Regina, The Street Where You Live: The Origins of Regina Street Names, 1979, Regina Public Library
- ^ Grofman, Elections in Australia, Ireland and Malta Using STV
- ^ Kevin Avram, "A tale of two provinces," Farmers for economic freedom: Updates from the Prairie Centre/Centre for Prairie Agriculture in Regina, Saskatchewan. May 21, 2001. Archived 28 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ J.T. Morley, "Co-operative Commonwealth Federation," Archived 20 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 18 November 2007.
- Regina Riot on what is now the location of the Regina City Police Station). Bill Waiser, "On-to-Ottawa Trek and the Regina Riot," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 27 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ Public Works and Government Services Canada, "Revitalizing Downtown Regina" (Fall 2002). Archived 19 April 2005 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Fletcher, Tom (1 December 2018). "The Work of Minoru Yamasaki". New York Architecture. Archived from the original on 17 March 2007.
- ^ "Wascana Centre Master Plan". 1 December 2018. Archived from the original on 1 December 2018.
- ^ Michael Jackson, "Government House," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 12 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ Trevor Powell, "Anglican Church of Canada," in Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 9 November 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 18 October 2007.
- ^ Recalled though not explicitly named by Erika Ritter in her humorous memoir Ritter in Residence.
- ^ a b Coneghan.
- ^ "Regina," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 29 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ CBC "Saskatchewan Story" article on Regina's trees Archived 26 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Dutch Elm Disease Control Program. Archived 27 November 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Plant Hardiness Zone by Municipality". Natural Resources Canada. Government of Canada. Archived from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
- ^ Regina CDA Archived 3 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 3 June 2016
- Environment Canada. 31 October 2011. Archivedfrom the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
- ^ "Regina INT'L A". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Archived from the original on 16 July 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2013.
- ^ "Regina RCS". Canadian Climate Data. 31 October 2011. Archived from the original on 12 August 2018. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
- ^ "Regina, Canada – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast". Weather Atlas. Yu Media Group. Archived from the original on 6 July 2019. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
- ^ Mark Partridge, "The Ebb and Flow of Rural Growth: Spread, Backwash, or Stagnation." Presentation for the Department of Rural Development, Regina, Saskatchewan 9 June 2005.
- ^ "Dominion Lands Act/Homestead Act," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 1 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ "Farming," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 1 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ "Qu'Appelle," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 30 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ "Fort Qu'Appelle," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 12 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ "Indian Head," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 15 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ "A Big Thanks to Indian Head," CBC program website.. Retrieved 1 February 2009. Archived 2 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b "White City," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 25 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ "Balgonie," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 25 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ "Pilot Butte," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 25 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ "Lumsden," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 29 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ "Regina Beach" The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 27 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ "Rouleau," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 25 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 July 2007.
- ^ Kathleen Wall, "Regina Symphony Orchestra," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 12 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 December 2007.
- ^ "Canadian Theatre Encyclopedia". Canadiantheatre.com. 15 January 2014. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 14 April 2014.
- ^ Craven Country Jamboree website. Archived 17 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 20 December 2007.
- ^ Regina Folk Festival website. Archived 20 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 20 December 2007.
- ^ Regina Dragon Boat Festival Homepage. Archived 8 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 20 December 2007.
- ^ Regina Multicultural Council homepage. Archived 13 February 2006 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 20 December 2007.
- ^ Regina Multicultural Council: Mosaic.. Retrieved 17 July 2007. Archived 21 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Ipsco Place website, "History.". Retrieved 11 December 2006. Archived 12 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Maciag, Samantha. "Regina's Buffalo Days gets a new name: Queen City Ex". leaderpost.com. Archived from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
- ^ Conexus Arts Centre Archived 6 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 July 2007.
- ^ Kathleen Wall, "Regina Symphony Orchestra," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 12 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 December 2007.
- ^ Encyclopedia of Canada. "Regina: Cultural Life." Archived 25 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 July 2007.
- ^ a b Iain Stewart. "Royal Saskatchewan Museum". Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived from the original on 7 October 2017.
- ^ Mary Blackstone, "Globe Theatre," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 12 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 December 2007.
- ^ Thomas Chase, "Casavant, Opus 1409, 1930/1993. Archived 2 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ "Regina Public Library website". Reginalibrary.ca. Archived from the original on 20 March 2014. Retrieved 14 April 2014.
- ^ J. William Brennan, "Regina," Archived 25 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
- ^ See city map at Google Maps.. Retrieved 12 December 2007.
- ^ Fletcher, Tom. "The Work of Minoru Yamasaki," New York Architecture Images and Notes. Archived 17 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ a b Riddell, W. A. The Origin and Development of Wascana Centre. Regina, 1962.
- ^ Dagmar Skamlová, "Big Dig," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 25 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery website Archived 17 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 26 December 2007.
- ^ Evraz Place Archived 2 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 18 March 2009.
- ^ Buffalo Days website Archived 15 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 18 March 2009.
- ^ Canadian Western Agribition website Archived 2 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 26 December 2007.
- ^ Daria Coneghan, "Saskatchewan Roughriders, Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 23 July 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 December 2007.
- ^ Riderville | The Official site of the 2007 Grey Cup Champions Archived 18 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Maureen O'Shea, "1989 and the Grey Cup in Toronto"". 29 October 2015. Archived from the original on 30 October 2015. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
- ^ Canadian Football League: Grey Cup Results Archived 16 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 4 March 2009
- ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), Saskatchewan". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
- ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
- ^ a b c d Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (26 October 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 11 November 2022.
- ^ Alan Anderson, "Urban Aboriginal Population," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 25 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 December 2007.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (27 October 2021). "Census Profile, 2016 Census". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (27 November 2015). "NHS Profile". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (20 August 2019). "2006 Community Profiles". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2 July 2019). "2001 Community Profiles". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
- ^ "2011 National Household Survey Profile - Census subdivision". Statistics Canada. 8 May 2013.
- ^ Phillips, Peter. "Economy of Saskatchewan". Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived from the original on 13 July 2007. Retrieved 1 December 2007.
has an estimated 75% of the world's potash reserves
- ^ a b Peter Phillips, "Economy of Saskatchewan," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 13 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 1 December 2007.
- ^ Bruce Johnstone, "Viterra announces $1.4B deal to acquire Australian company." Regina Leader-Post, 19 May 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2009. Archived 9 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Regina: Economy and Labour Force," Archived 25 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 17 July 2007.
- ^ Lauren Black, "Regina Wartime Industries Ltd.," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 20 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
- ^ a b c "The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan | Details". esask.uregina.ca. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ "Evraz Group S.A. completed its acquisition of IPSCO Inc. | McCarthy Tétrault". www.mccarthy.ca. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ David Hanly, "Oil and Gas Industry," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 10 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 15 August 2008.
- ^ Geoff Leo, "Extent of contamination from former Regina refinery site still unknown 45 years after shutdown", CBC News, October 5, 2020.
- ^ Canada, Farm Credit Canada-Financement agricole. "History | FCC". www.fcc-fac.ca. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
- ^ Canada Life website, "Canada Life in Agreement with Crown Life; Strong Presence in Regina to Continue, Regina – May 26, 1998. Retrieved 25 November 2007.
- ^ Johnstone, Bruce (19 May 2009). "Viterra announces $1.4B deal to acquire Australian company". Regina Leader-Post. Archived from the original on 9 June 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
- Lloyd's List DCN. Archived from the originalon 6 July 2011. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
- ^ "ABB Grain and Viterra Announce Agreement to Combine Operations" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2009. (54.1 KB) ABB Grain, 19 May 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
- ^ *First Nations University of Canada Archived 29 August 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 July 2007.
- ^ Its Regina presence a merger of the former Wascana Institute of Applied Arts and Sciences and Regina Plains Community College: Lorne Sparling, "Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Science and Technology (SIAST)," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 5 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ SIAST website Archived 24 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 19 October 2007.
- ^ World Lakes Database: Buffalo Pound Lake. Archived 27 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 8 December 2007.
- ^ See generally John A. Boan, "Medicare," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan Archived 4 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 4 February 2009.
- ^ "Regina Police Service". Regina Police Service. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
- ^ "Chief's Message". Regina Police Service. Archived from the original on 27 June 2013.
- ^ a b Perreault, Samuel (2012). "Police-Reported Crime Statistics in Canada". Statistics Canada. Archived from the original on 22 December 2013. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
- ^ Gatehouse, Jonathan (15 January 2007). "Canada's Worst Neighbourhood". Maclean's. Archived from the original on 25 December 2008. Retrieved 13 June 2008.
- ^ Get to know your Neighbourhood Archived 26 June 2014 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved May 2014
- ^ Community Crime Report 2013 Archived 18 May 2014 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved May 2014
- ^ Note: The police reports and the community profiles don't necessarily have the same neighbourhoods, so, for some I had to try to determine (by looking at a map), which belonged together. For that reason, these stats may not be as accurate as they should be, however several neighbourhoods were used on both websites.
- ^ "Regina: The Early Years 1880–1950". Scaa.usask.ca. Archived from the original on 12 March 2014. Retrieved 14 April 2014.
- ^ "Feature: East Regina TCH". Saskatchewan Highways. Archived from the original on 25 November 2006. Retrieved 21 September 2006.
- ^ "STC bus depot," wikimapia. http://www.wikimapia.org/1889246/STC-bus-depot Archived 4 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine 19 August 2012.
- ^ Media, OH!. "History « Casinos Regina & Moose Jaw". casinoregina.com. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
- ^ Leader-Post website Archived 27 January 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 3 February 2010.
- ^ "Cu cine este înfrățit Bucureștiul?". Adevărul (in Romanian). 21 February 2011.
- ^ Government of Canada, Foreign Affairs Trade and Development Canada. "Canada China Twinning Relationships". www.canadainternational.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 20 March 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
- ^ "CR19-58 City of Regina – City of Fujioka, Japan – Friendship City Agreement – City of Regina, Saskatchewan CA". reginask.iqm2.com. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
- ^ Canales, Moises (3 August 2019). "Regina signs official friendship agreement with Fujioka, Japan". 620 CKRM The Source | Country Music, News, Sports in Sask. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
- ^ "Regina signs Friendship Agreement with Fujioka, Japan". Regina. 3 August 2019. Archived from the original on 5 August 2019. Retrieved 5 August 2019.
Bibliography
- "Germantown" 11th Avenue East. Regina's Heritage Tours, City of Regina, 1994.
- Argan, William (2000). Cornerstones 2: An Artist's History of the City of Regina. Regina: Centax Books.
- Argan, William (1995). Cornerstones: An Artist's History of the City of Regina. Regina: Centax Books.
- Barnhart, Gordon (2002). Building for the Future: A Photo Journal of Saskatchewan's Legislative Building. Canadian Plains Research Center. ISBN 0-88977-145-6.
- Brennan, J. William (1989). Regina, an illustrated history. Toronto: James Lorimer & Co.
- Brennan, William J., ed. (1978). Regina Before Yesterday: A Visual History 1882 to 1945. City of Regina.
- 'Castles of the North: Canada's Grand Hotels. Toronto: Lynx Images Inc. 2001.
- Chapel Royal Canadian Mounted Police (1990). Training Academy (brochure). Regina, Saskatchewan.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Drake, Earl G. (1955). Regina, the Queen City. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart.
- Hughes, Bob (2004). The Big Dig: the Miracle of Wascana Centre. Regina: Centax Books.
- Neal, May (1953). Regina, Queen City of the Plains: 50 Years of Progress. Regina: Western * Printers.
- Regina Court House Official Opening (brochure). 1961.
- Regina Leader-Post
- Riddell, W. A. (1962). The Origin and Development of Wascana Centre. Regina.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - The Morning Leader (Newspaper)
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Diocese of Regina". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png)