10th Texas Field Battery
| 10th Texas Field Battery Pratt's Texas Battery Hynson's Texas Battery | |
|---|---|
| Active | March 1, 1861 – May/June, 1865 |
| Allegiance |  Confederate States of America |
| Branch |  Confederate States Army |
| Type | Artillery |
| Engagements | |
The 10th Texas Field Battery (also known as Pratt's Texas Battery and Hynson's Texas Battery) was an
Price's Raid, participating in several battles and skirmishes, including the disastrous Battle of Mine Creek. One source claims the unit's service ended on May 26, 1865, while a Confederate report dated June 1, 1865, states that it existed but did not have cannons. Confederate forces in the Trans-Mississippi Department
surrendered on June 2.
Early service
The 10th Texas Field Battery was organized on March 1, 1861.
Marmaduke's raid saw Confederate cavalry strike into Missouri in hopes of distracting Union troops from more important areas and peaked with
counterbattery fire.[17] Later that day, in the Battle of Bayou Fourche, Pratt's battery, which was armed with 12-pounder howitzers at this time, supported Colonel Robert C. Newton's cavalry with artillery fire.[18]
When Marmaduke moved against the city of
Battle of Ditch Bayou,[27] which was fought on June 6.[29] At Ditch Bayou, the Confederates held off Union forces for some time before withdrawing when they ran out of artillery ammunition. The Union troops were unable to mount an effective pursuit.[30]
Price's Raid
On February 19, 1864, Pratt was elevated to the rank of majorSt. Louis and Jefferson City were abandoned due to the strength of the positions.[38]
During the movement across Missouri, Hynson's battery fought in a skirmish at
John B. Clark Jr. that provided a rear guard for the retreating Confederates. Due to an ammunition shortage, Hynson's battery left the 6-pounder on the field when Clark's men finally abandoned their positions.[47][48] One Confederate officer present at the battle stated that the battery "did such good execution that the enemy were compelled to fall back".[44]
Later on the 25th, Price's Confederates fought another action, the
canister fire from Hynson's and Harris's batteries.[52] Once the Union attack hit home, the Confederate defenders routed, and Mine Creek ended in a Confederate disaster, with many cannons and hundreds of men, including Marmaduke, captured. Price's defeated survivors continued retreating until they reached Texas in December.[53] Pratt was fatally wounded during the retreat.[3] A listing of Confederate artillery units produced by Ohio State University states that the battery's service ended on May 26, 1865,[1] while a Confederate strength report as of June 1, 1865 lists the battery as being located at Marshall, Texas, but without any cannons.[54] Confederate forces in the Trans-Mississippi Department surrendered on June 2.[55]
References
- ^ a b "Civil War Regiments: Texas". The Ohio State University. July 22, 2019. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
- ^ a b c Sibley 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Bailey, Anne J. "Tenth Texas Field Artillery". Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
- ^ Doyle 2011, p. 136.
- ^ a b Smith 2021, p. 144.
- ^ Neal & Kremm 1993, p. 147.
- ^ Slawson 2010, pp. 52–53.
- ^ Official Records 1888, p. 286.
- ^ Official Records 1888, p. 301.
- ^ Kennedy 1998, p. 178.
- ^ Kohl 2005, p. 146.
- ^ Kohl 2005, p. 150.
- ^ Kohl 2005, pp. 155–156.
- ^ Kohl 2005, p. 158.
- ^ Kohl 2005, p. 159.
- ^ Kohl 2005, pp. 164–166.
- ^ Christ 2010, pp. 176–178.
- ^ Christ 2010, pp. 182–185.
- ^ Bearss 1964, pp. 294–296.
- ^ Bearss 1964, p. 296.
- ^ Bearss 1964, p. 302.
- ^ a b Bearss 1964, p. 306.
- ^ Bearss 1964, p. 308.
- ^ Frazier 2020, p. 90.
- ^ Doyle 2011, p. 158.
- ^ Smith 2021, p. 143.
- ^ a b Doyle 2011, pp. 159–160.
- ^ Smith 2021, p. 145.
- ^ a b Smith 2021, p. 146.
- ^ Sutherland 1994, pp. 129, 131.
- ^ Collins 2016, p. 193.
- ^ Sinisi 2020, pp. 78–79.
- ^ Suderow & House 2014, p. 241.
- ^ Suderow & House 2014, p. 233.
- ^ Suderow & House 2014, pp. 235–236.
- ^ Suderow & House 2014, p. 257.
- ^ Castel 1998, pp. 380–382.
- ^ Kennedy 1998, p. 382.
- ^ Lause 2016, pp. 18–19.
- ^ Kennedy 1998, pp. 382–383.
- ^ Lause 2016, p. 94, 96–97.
- ^ Sinisi 2020, p. 238.
- ^ Kennedy 1998, p. 384.
- ^ a b Collins 2016, p. 133.
- ^ Sinisi 2020, p. 274.
- ^ Lause 2016, p. 158.
- ^ Collins 2016, pp. 133–135.
- ^ Sinisi 2020, pp. 274–275.
- ^ Sinisi 2020, pp. 278–279.
- ^ Sinisi 2020, p. 279.
- ^ Collins 2016, p. 165.
- ^ Sinisi 2020, p. 282.
- ^ Kennedy 1998, pp. 384–386.
- ^ Official Records 1896, p. 963.
- ^ Kennedy 1998, p. 438.
Sources
- JSTOR 40030666.
- ISBN 978-0-395-74012-5.
- Christ, Mark K. (2010). Civil War Arkansas 1863: The Battle for a State. Norman, Oklahoma: ISBN 978-0-8061-4433-7.
- Collins, Charles D. Jr. (2016). Battlefield Atlas of Price's Missouri Expedition of 1864 (PDF). Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: ISBN 978-1-940804-27-9.
- Doyle, Daniel R. (2011). "The Civil War in the Greenville Bends". Arkansas Historical Quarterly. 70 (2): 131–161.
- Frazier, Donald S. (2020). Tempest Over Texas: The Fall and Winter Campaigns of 1863–1864. ISBN 9781933337852.
- Kennedy, Frances H., ed. (1998). The Civil War Battlefield Guide (2nd ed.). Boston/New York: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 978-0-395-74012-5.
- Kohl, Rhonda M. (Summer 2005). "Raising Thunder with the Secesh: Powell Clayton's Federal Cavalry at Taylor's Creek and Mount Vernon, Arkansas, May 11, 1863". JSTOR 40031057.
- Lause, Mark A. (2016). The Collapse of Price's Raid: The Beginning of the End in Civil War Missouri. Columbia, Missouri: ISBN 978-0-826-22025-7.
- Neal, Diane; Kremm, Thomas W. (1993). Lion of the South: General Thomas C. Hindman. Macon, Georgia: ISBN 0-86554-422-0.
- Sibley, F. Ray (2014). Confederate Artillery Organizations: An Alphabetical Listing of the Officers and Batteries of the Confederacy, 1861–1865. El Dorado Hills, California: ISBN 978-1-61121-230-3.
- Sinisi, Kyle S. (2020) [2015]. The Last Hurrah: Sterling Price's Missouri Expedition of 1864 (paperback ed.). Lanham, Maryland: ISBN 978-1-5381-4151-9.
- Slawson, Douglas J. (2010). "The Vincentian Experience of the Civil War in Missouri". American Catholic Studies. 121 (4): 31–60.
- Smith, Myron J. (2021). After Vicksburg: The Civil War on Western Waters, 1863–1865. Jefferson, North Carolina: ISBN 978-1-4766-4370-0.
- Suderow, Bryce A.; House, R. Scott (2014). The Battle of Pilot Knob: Thunder in Arcadia Valley. Cape Girardeau, Missouri: ISBN 978-0-9903530-2-7.
- Sutherland, Daniel E. (1994). "1864: "A Strange, Wild Time"". In Christ, Mark K. (ed.). Rugged and Sublime: The Civil War in Arkansas. Fayetteville, Arkansas: ISBN 1-55728-357-5.
- The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Vol. 22. Washington, D.C.: OCLC 262466842.
- The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Vol. 48, Part 2: Union and Confederate Correspondence. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. 1896. OCLC 262466842.