Jefferson City, Missouri

Coordinates: 38°34′04″N 92°10′33″W / 38.56778°N 92.17583°W / 38.56778; -92.17583
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
"Jefferson City" redirects here. For other uses, see Jefferson City (disambiguation).

Jefferson City
State capital
FIPS code
29-37000[6]
GNIS ID758233[5]
U.S. Routes
State highways
WaterwaysMissouri River
Public transitJeffTran
Websitejeffersoncitymo.gov

Jefferson City, informally Jeff City,

Jefferson City Metropolitan Statistical Area, the second-most-populous metropolitan area in Mid-Missouri and the fifth-largest in the state. Most of the city is in Cole County, with a small northern section extending into Callaway County. Jefferson City is named for Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States
.

Jefferson City is located on the northern edge of the

Lewis and Clark
passed the bluff on their historic expedition upriver before Europeans established any settlement there.

Many of Jefferson City's primary employers are in service and manufacturing industries. Jefferson City is also home to

65th Regiment of U.S. Colored Troops
.

History

Further information: Missouri State Capitol Historic District
See also: Missouri State Penitentiary and 1870 Missouri State Colored People's Educational Convention
Sketch of Jefferson City from the 1860s
Missouri State Penitentiary
Parade on "New Capitol Day", October 6, 1924, to celebrate the dedication of the newly constructed Missouri State Capitol[9]
Photograph of Jefferson City and its geography from the International Space Station

In

Robert de LaSalle, and Daniel Boone
, with the latter having the greatest influence on the region. Daniel Boone's son, Daniel Morgan Boone, would later lay out Jefferson City in the early 19th century.

When the Missouri Territory was organized in 1812, St. Louis was Missouri's seat of government, and St. Charles would serve as the next capital. However, Jefferson City was chosen as the new capital in 1821. The village first was called "Lohman's Landing", and when the legislature decided to relocate there, they proposed the name "Missouriopolis" before settling on the city of "Jefferson" to honor Thomas Jefferson.[10][11] Over the years, the city was most often referred to as "Jefferson City" and the name stuck. For years, this village was little more than a trading post located in the wilderness about midway between St. Louis and Kansas City. In 1825, the settlement was incorporated as a city and a year later, the Missouri legislature first met in Jefferson City.

Jefferson City was chosen as the site of a state prison. This prison, named the Missouri State Penitentiary, opened in 1836. This prison was home to multiple infamous Americans, including former heavyweight champion Sonny Liston, assassin James Earl Ray, and bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd.

During the Civil War, Jefferson City was occupied by Union troops and the elected state legislature was driven from Jefferson City by Union General Nathaniel Lyon. Some of the legislators later reconvened in Neosho and passed an ordinance of secession. Missouri was claimed by both the Confederacy and the Union, as was neighboring state Kentucky. Missourians were strongly divided and many people in the state—especially in St. Louis—supported the Union, while other areas (such as Missouri's Little Dixie) were strongly pro-Confederate along the Missouri River between Jefferson City and Kansas City.

German immigrants created vineyards in small towns on either side of the Missouri River, especially on the north from the city east to Marthasville, located outside of St. Louis. Known as the "Missouri Rhineland" for its vineyards and first established by German immigrants in the mid-1800s, this region has become part of Missouri's agricultural and tourist economy.

2019 tornado

See also:
Tornado outbreak of May 2019

Approximately 15 minutes before midnight on May 22, 2019, a tornado emergency was issued for the Jefferson City area. Minutes later, a destructive EF-3[12] tornado caused extensive damage on the southwest side of the city.[13][14] At least 20 people were injured, but none was killed due to this tornado.[15]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 37.58 square miles (97.33 km2), of which 35.95 square miles (93.11 km2) is land and 1.63 square miles (4.22 km2) is water.[16]

Climate

Jefferson City has a humid continental climate (Dfa) with hot, rainy summers and cold winters. The city borders on having a humid subtropical climate but falls just short due to January having a mean temperature of 30 °F (−1 °C) which is below the 32 °F (0 °C) isotherm. Thunderstorms are common in both the spring and summer. Light snow is common during the winter, although about half of wintertime precipitation falls as rain.[17]

Climate data for Jefferson City WTP, Missouri (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1894–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 79
(26) 		89
(32) 		97
(36) 		96
(36) 		102
(39) 		107
(42) 		114
(46) 		111
(44) 		107
(42) 		96
(36) 		88
(31) 		79
(26) 		114
(46)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 39.6
(4.2) 		45.1
(7.3) 		55.5
(13.1) 		66.6
(19.2) 		75.2
(24.0) 		83.9
(28.8) 		88.0
(31.1) 		87.2
(30.7) 		79.9
(26.6) 		68.5
(20.3) 		55.1
(12.8) 		44.0
(6.7) 		65.7
(18.7)
Daily mean °F (°C) 30.3
(−0.9) 		34.9
(1.6) 		44.6
(7.0) 		55.2
(12.9) 		64.9
(18.3) 		74.1
(23.4) 		78.3
(25.7) 		76.9
(24.9) 		69.0
(20.6) 		57.2
(14.0) 		45.0
(7.2) 		34.9
(1.6) 		55.4
(13.0)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 21.0
(−6.1) 		24.7
(−4.1) 		33.7
(0.9) 		43.8
(6.6) 		54.6
(12.6) 		64.3
(17.9) 		68.6
(20.3) 		66.6
(19.2) 		58.1
(14.5) 		45.8
(7.7) 		34.8
(1.6) 		25.7
(−3.5) 		45.1
(7.3)
Record low °F (°C) −23
(−31) 		−25
(−32) 		−16
(−27) 		13
(−11) 		24
(−4) 		38
(3) 		42
(6) 		41
(5) 		29
(−2) 		14
(−10) 		1
(−17) 		−24
(−31) 		−25
(−32)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.21
(56) 		2.30
(58) 		3.24
(82) 		4.78
(121) 		5.17
(131) 		4.20
(107) 		4.35
(110) 		4.13
(105) 		4.24
(108) 		3.44
(87) 		3.24
(82) 		2.30
(58) 		43.60
(1,107)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 2.9
(7.4) 		2.9
(7.4) 		0.4
(1.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.2
(0.51) 		2.5
(6.4) 		8.9
(23)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 7.9 7.5 11.0 11.5 12.2 9.7 8.5 8.1 7.8 9.4 8.5 8.1 110.2
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 1.9 1.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.4 5.1
Source:
NOAA[18][19]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18603,082—
18704,42043.4%
18805,27119.3%
18906,74227.9%
19009,66443.3%
191011,85022.6%
192014,49022.3%
193021,59649.0%
194024,26812.4%
195025,0993.4%
196028,22812.5%
197032,40714.8%
198033,6193.7%
199035,4815.5%
200039,63611.7%
201043,0798.7%
202043,2280.3%
U.S. Decennial Census

2020 census

The

Latino
of any race was 3.6% (1,523) of the population.

Of the 16,882 households, 25.7% had children under the age of 18; 40.2% were married couples living together; 34.4% had a female householder with no husband present. Of all households, 39.6% consisted of individuals and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.2 and the average family size was 3.0.

20.0% of the population was under the age of 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.0 years. For every 100 females, the population had 106.2 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 110.9 males.

The 2016-2020 5-year

poverty line
, including 17.8% of those under the age of 18 and 6.9% of those ages 65 or over.

2010 census

At the

racial makeup of the city was 78.0% White, 16.9% African American, 0.3% Native American, 1.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.8% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 2.6%.[6]

Of the 17,278 households 28.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.6% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.3% were non-families. 36.2% of households were one person and 11.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.89.

The age distribution was 20.9% of residents under the age of 18, 10.3% between the ages of 18 and 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% 65 or older. The median age was 37.5 years. The gender makeup of the city was 51.2% male and 48.8% female.

2000 census

At the

Hispanic or Latino of any race.[6]
Of the 15,794 households 27.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.4% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.7% were non-families. 36.1% of households were one person and 11.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.90.

The age distribution was 20.9% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 32.1% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.6 males.

The median household income was $39,628 and the median family income was $52,627. Males had a median income of $35,050 versus $25,521 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,268. About 7.3% of families and 11.5% of the population were below the

poverty line
, including 17.1% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Jefferson City's top employers (2016)[22]
Rank Employers # of employees
1 State of Missouri 14,223
2 Capital Region Medical Center 1,573
3 Scholastic 1,500
4
Jefferson City Public Schools
 1,489
5 SSM Health-St. Mary's Hospital 1,154
6 Central Bancompany 967
7 ABB Power T&D Company 775
8 Jefferson City Medical Group 633
9 Wal-Mart Supercenter 622
10 Unilever 510
No change reported in 2017

Jefferson City's economy is driven by its residents, citizens of surrounding communities, and tourists.

Business

Jefferson City's economy relies on government, health care, manufacturing, retail, education, and tourism. In 2016, Jefferson City's gross metropolitan product was $7.366 billion[23] and Missouri's real total gross domestic product was $260.309 billion,[24] making Jefferson City's economy 2.829% of the total gross state product of Missouri.

Central Bancompany, Hawthorn Bancshares, Capital Region Medical Center, and Arris Pizza all have their headquarters in Jefferson City. Jefferson City is also home to Central Dairy, whose products are shipped statewide.

Tourism

Tourists are drawn to the Missouri State Capitol, St. Peter Church (adjacent to the capitol), Missouri State Penitentiary, Missouri Governor's Mansion, and Missouri State Museum. Lincoln University, ranked by U.S. News & World Report in 2007 as a top educational institution for international students, also helps draw students and tourists from other states and countries.

Government

city hall
.

State government

The Harry S Truman office building houses government workers for various state departments and agencies.
The Missouri State Capitol in Jefferson City

The State Capitol is located in Jefferson City. In addition, state agencies are headquartered in Jefferson City. The Missouri State Archives is located in Jefferson City.

The Missouri Department of Corrections (MDOC) operates the Jefferson City Correctional Center (JCCC) and the Algoa Correctional Center (ACC) in Jefferson City.[25][26] JCCC replaced the Missouri State Penitentiary on September 15, 2004, which until its closure was the oldest operating penal facility west of the Mississippi River. It served as the State of Missouri's primary maximum security institution,[27] and it housed male death row prisoners until April 1989, when they were moved to the Potosi Correctional Center.[27]

Federal government

The United States Postal Service operates several postal facilities. The Jefferson City Main Post Office building[28] previously shared occupancy with the U.S. District Court from its dedication in November 1934 until September 27, 2011 when it moved into the Christopher S. Bond Court House.

The 118,000-square-foot

LEED Gold rating. Sustainable design features include reducing water use by 44 percent, using 13 percent recycled content, diverting 80 percent of construction waste materials from landfills, and it is 36 percent more efficient than current energy standards.[29]

Education

Schools

Jefferson City Public School District currently operates Jefferson City High School
and Capital City High School, two middle schools, Thomas Jefferson Middle School, and Lewis and Clark Middle School, and eleven elementary schools. In addition to public education, there are also five private elementary schools and three private high schools, including
Helias High School
and Calvary Lutheran High School in the city.

Colleges and universities

Lincoln University is a public historically black university with open enrollment and certificate, associate, bachelor, and graduate programs.

Columbia College, William Woods University, Metro Business College, and Merrell University also have campuses in the city with varying degree levels and options.

The University of Missouri, the state's flagship university, is 30 miles to the north in Columbia.

Public library

Jefferson City has a public library, the Missouri River Regional Library.[30]

Media

Print

The major daily English-language newspaper in the area is the

Jefferson City News Tribune
. Several monthly magazines cover Jefferson City and/or the surrounding areas: Jefferson City Magazine, Her Magazine, Capital Lifestyles, and Professional Day.

Television

Jefferson City, along with Columbia, is part of the

Mid-Missouri television market. KRCG, the region's CBS affiliate, and KFDR, a station owned by the Christian Television Network
(CTN), are both licensed to the city.

Radio

The following is a list of

licensed
to Jefferson City, Missouri.

Frequency
Callsign
 		Nickname Format Owner City of License Web site
88.1
KHJR
 Covenant Network Catholic Covenant Network
St. Thomas, MO
 [1]
88.9 KJLU 88.9 KJLU Jazz Lincoln University of Missouri
Jefferson City, MO
 [2]
89.9
KMCV
 Religion Bott Radio High Point, MO [3]
90.3
KNLG
 Here's Help Network Religion New Life Evangelistic Center
New Bloomfield, MO
 [4] Archived April 14, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
94.3 KATI KAT Country 94.3 Country Zimmer Radio Group
California, MO
 [5]
97.1
K246CA
 Religion Bott Radio
Jefferson City, MO
 [6]
97.5 KJMO 97.5 KJMO Classic Hits Cumulus Media
Linn, MO
 [7]
98.7
KOTC
 3ABN Religion Jefferson City Seventh-Day Adventist Church
Jefferson City, MO
 [8]
100.1 KBBM 100.1 NASH FM Country Cumulus Media
Jefferson City, MO
 [9]
103.5
K278CT
 News Talk 1240 News/Talk Cumulus Media
Jefferson City, MO
 [10]
104.5
K283CL
 NewsRadio KWOS News/Talk Zimmer Radio Group
Jefferson City, MO
 [11]
104.9
K283CL
 Elevate FM Contemporary Worship Music Lake Area Educational Broadcasting Foundation
Jefferson City, MO
 [12]
106.5
K293AX
 Spirit FM Christian Contemporary Lake Area Educational Broadcasting Foundation
Jefferson City, MO
 [13]
106.9 KTXY Y107 Mainstream Top 40 Zimmer Radio Group
Jefferson City, MO
 [14]
950 KWOS NewsRadio KWOS News/Talk Zimmer Radio Group
Jefferson City, MO
 [15]
1240 KLIK News Talk 1240 News/Talk Cumulus Media
Jefferson City, MO
 [16]

Infrastructure

Transportation

Highways

Interstate highway (the others are Dover, Delaware; Juneau, Alaska; and Pierre, South Dakota).[31] However, Interstate 70 passes by the city 30 miles (48 km) to the north in Columbia
.

Airports

The city is served by Columbia Regional Airport and nearby Jefferson City Memorial Airport.[32][33]

Public transportation

Local transit

JeffTran, the city operated public transit system, provides year-round bus service during traditional weekday business hours,[34] but is currently considering the extension of service hours to include evenings and weekends.[35]

Intercity transit

The

Kansas City and St. Louis, provided by Amtrak, the sole intercity passenger railroad service in the United States
.

A Greyhound bus stop near the Eastland Drive Convenient Food Mart[36] also provides intercity transit. Jefferson City Memorial Airport, which is located in the Jefferson City limits of Callaway County, Missouri, serves general aviation but has no scheduled commercial airline service.

Healthcare

Jefferson City is home to SSM Health St. Mary's Hospital, which has 154 beds. Capital Region Medical Center, an affiliate of University of Missouri Health Care, is also located in the city.

Notable people

Main article: List of people from Jefferson City, Missouri

Sister city

Jefferson City is the sister city to the German city of Münchberg.[37] Around 200 years ago, settlers from Münchberg founded a neighborhood south of downtown Jefferson City, which is still known as "Old Munichburg".

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Capitol of Missouri – Jefferson City ***". www.spangledwithstars.com. Archived from the original on January 8, 2017. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  2. City of Jefferson
    . Retrieved on May 21, 2010.
  3. ^ "Jefferson City — Departments". Archived from the original on September 10, 2014. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  4. ^ "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 28, 2022.
  5. ^ a b "Geographic Names Information System". edits.nationalmap.gov. Retrieved May 8, 2023.
  6. ^ a b c "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
  7. ^ "2020 U.S. Census". Census QuickFacts. April 1, 2020. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  8. ^ "Table 10. Rank by 2010 Population and Housing Units: 2000 and 2010" (PDF). US Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 21, 2016. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  9. ^ Moorman, Amy (2014). "Picture This" (PDF). The Missouri State Archives...Where History Begins. Missouri State Archives. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 24, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2016.
  10. ISBN 0-9646625-4-X
    .
  11. ^ "Cole County, Missouri Place Names, 1928-1945 | The State Historical Society of Missouri". shsmo.org. Archived from the original on April 4, 2019. Retrieved January 13, 2019.
  12. ^ Louis, NWS St (May 23, 2019). "The updated preliminary damage survey in Jefferson City shows that so far the max rating for last night's tornado damage was EF-3. Numerous other damage points have rated EF-0 to EF-2. The damage survey is ongoing. #mowx #midmowxpic.twitter.com/BNoDmhkgCY". @NWSStLouis. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
  13. ^ "Missouri's capital took a direct hit from a violent tornado that sent debris 13,000 feet into the air". CNN. May 23, 2019. Archived from the original on May 23, 2019.
  14. ^ "Tornado hits Jefferson City, emergency crews responding". News Tribune. May 23, 2019. Archived from the original on May 23, 2019.
  15. ^ Lieb, David. "3 deaths in Missouri as tornado strikes state capital". AP News. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  16. ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 2, 2012. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
  17. ^ "Average Weather in Jefferson City, Missouri, United States, Year Round – Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Archived from the original on December 13, 2013. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  18. ^ "NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved July 22, 2021.
  19. ^ "Station: Jefferson City WTP, MO". U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved July 22, 2021.
  20. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved December 17, 2023.
  21. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved December 17, 2023.
  22. ^ "2016 PAFR – Laserfiche WebLink". documents.jeffcitymo.org. Retrieved June 9, 2017.[permanent dead link]
  23. ^ "Total Gross Domestic Product for Jefferson City, MO (MSA)". Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) St. Louis Fed. September 20, 2017. Archived from the original on June 23, 2018. Retrieved June 23, 2018.
  24. ^ "Real Total Gross Domestic Product for Missouri". Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) St. Louis Fed. May 4, 2018. Archived from the original on June 23, 2018. Retrieved June 23, 2018.
  25. ^ "Jefferson City Correctional Center". Archived from the original on May 7, 2006. Retrieved September 19, 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) Missouri Department of Corrections. May 7, 2006. Retrieved on September 18, 2010.
  26. ^ "MidMoGIS Mapping Website Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine." City of Jefferson. Retrieved on September 18, 2010.
  27. ^ a b Lombardi, George, Richard D. Sluder, and Donald Wallace. "The Management of Death-Sentenced Inmates: Issues, Realities, and Innovative Strategies Archived 2010-05-27 at the Wayback Machine." Missouri Department of Corrections. 8. Retrieved on September 18, 2010.
  28. ^ "Post Office Location – JEFFERSON CITY Archived 2010-11-26 at the Wayback Machine." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on September 18, 2010.
  29. ^ "Christopher S. Bond U.S. Courthouse". www.gsa.gov. Archived from the original on November 5, 2014. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  30. ^ "Missouri Public Libraries". PublicLibraries.com. Archived from the original on June 10, 2017. Retrieved June 2, 2019.
  31. ^ "The Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways - Part VII - Miscellaneous Interstate Facts". Federal Highway Administration. Archived from the original on July 16, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  32. ^ "Columbia Regional Airport Travel Tips". flycou.com. City of Columbia. Archived from the original on June 2, 2021. Retrieved May 30, 2021.
  33. ^ "Jefferson City Memorial Airport". AirNav.com. Retrieved May 30, 2021.
  34. ^ "Schedules". City of Jefferson. Archived from the original on September 18, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  35. ^ "New JeffTran routes on tap Monday". News Tribune. November 30, 2018. Archived from the original on August 17, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2019.
  36. ^ "Jefferson City Missouri Bus Station – Greyhound". locations.greyhound.com. Archived from the original on January 8, 2017. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  37. ^ "List of German-U.S. sister cities" (PDF). Consulate General of the Federal Republic of Germany. Retrieved May 31, 2021.

Further reading

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jefferson_City,_Missouri&oldid=1219427526"