221 BC
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Millennium: | 1st millennium BC |
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221 BC by topic |
Politics |
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Categories |
Thai solar calendar | 322–323 |
Tibetan calendar | 阴土兔年 (female Earth-Rabbit) −94 or −475 or −1247 — to — 阳金龙年 (male Iron-Dragon) −93 or −474 or −1246 |
Year 221 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known in Rome as the Year of the Consulship of Asina and Rufus/Lepidus (or, less frequently, year 533 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 221 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Carthage
- The Carthaginian general Hasdrubal is murdered by a Celtic assassin while campaigning to increase the Carthaginian hold on Spain. Following the assassination of Hasdrubal, Hannibal, the son of the Carthaginian general, Hamilcar Barca, is proclaimed commander-in-chief by the army and his appointment is confirmed by the Carthaginian government.
- Hannibal immediately moves to consolidate Carthage's control of Spain. He marries a Spanish princess, Imilce, then begins to conquer various Spanish tribes. He fights against the Tagus River.
Egypt
- Egypt's Ptolemy III dies and is succeeded by his son, Ptolemy IV. Sosibius is appointed by Ptolemy IV as his chief minister and immediately has a great influence over the young king, directing all of the affairs of state.
- At Sosibius' direction, Ptolemy IV puts to death in succession his uncle, Lysimachus, his brother Magas, and his mother Berenice II.
- King conspiracy.
Seleucid Empire
- The Seleucid domains to the east of the Tigris. He is stopped by Antiochus III's forces in his attempts to pass that river. Xenoetas, one of Antiochus' generals, is sent against Molon with a large force, but is surprised by Molon's forces and his whole army is cut to pieces and Xenoetas is killed. The rebel satrap now crosses the Tigris, and makes himself master of the city of Seleucia on the Tigris, together with the whole of Babylonia and Mesopotamia.
Greece
- Macedonia.
Roman Republic
- Gaius Flaminius builds a second race track for Rome, the Circus Flaminius.
China
- The Qin unifies China and proclaims himself the First Emperor, as he is the first Chinese sovereign able to rule the whole country, thus ending the Warring States period. He is known by historians as Qin Shi Huang.[1]
- The Chinese Bronze Age ends (approximate date).
Births
Deaths
- Antigonus III Doson, king of Macedon from 227 BC (b. 263 BC)
- )
- Hasdrubal, Carthaginian general and son-in-law of Hamilcar Barca (assassinated) (b. c. 270 BC)
- Lucius Caecilius Metellus, Roman consul and general during the First Punic War (b. c. 290 BC)
- Ptolemy III, king of Egypt, who has reunited Egypt and Cyrenaica and successfully waged the Third Syrian War against the Seleucid Empire
- Xenoetas, Seleucid general (killed during a revolt against Antiochus III)
References
- ^ Qian, Sima. Records of the Grand Historian, Section: The First Emperor, Section: Wang Jian, Section: Meng Tian.