394th Combat Training Squadron
394th Combat Training Squadron | |
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Distinguished Unit Citation | |
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394th Combat Training Squadron emblem |
The 394th Combat Training Squadron was a United States Air Force unit assigned to the 509th Operations Group until inactivated on 13 April 2018. It was stationed at Whiteman Air Force Base, Missouri. The mission of the squadron was to train Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit aircrews, a mission now executed by the 13th Bomb Squadron. The 394th is the fourth oldest squadron in the United States Air Force. Its history dated to 5 May 1917 as the 4th Aero Squadron.
The 394th Combat Training Squadron provided the 509th Bomb Wing with qualified, mission-ready B-2 and Northrop T-38 Talon pilots to support worldwide Joint Chiefs of Staff taskings until its inactivation in 2018. The 394th was also responsible for implementing all B-2 and T-38 formal training courses. The unit supervised and oversaw all T-38 operations and performed quality assurance for all maintenance and aircrew training devices, including weapon system trainers. Upon the 394th Combat Training Squadron's inactivation in 2018, its mission and responsibilities were transferred to the 13th Bomb Squadron.
History
This section needs additional citations for verification. (July 2015) |
World War I
The squadron was originally activated as the 4th Aero Squadron on 5 May 1917 during
Inter-War period
After World War I the second predecessor of the unit, also named the 4th Aero Squadron was activated at
On 14 March 1921, the unit became known as the 4th Squadron (Observation). Less than two years later, on 25 January 1923, the Army Air Service renamed the unit the 4th Observations Squadron. During this period, the squadron took to building airfields. A lieutenant and twenty enlisted persons from the 4th began construction of
In the late 1930s and early 1940s, the squadron received three more name changes as well as new aircraft. On 25 January 1935 long range observation units that were part of
World War II
The squadron suffered devastating casualties and equipment damage during the
The squadron left Hawaii in November 1942 and operated in the
The squadron raided the heavily defended Japanese base on
Modern era
For the next 41 years, the 394th waited for the chance to serve again. That opportunity arose in 1996 when the Air Force redesignated the squadron as the 394th Combat Training Squadron and turned it over to Air Combat Command for activation. On 7 November 1996, the squadron was activated at Whiteman Air Force Base, Missouri, as part of the 509th Operations Group of the 509th Bomb Wing.[2]
Since then, the 394th has supported the 509th in a myriad of ways including
Members of the 394th participated in Operation Enduring Freedom by flying the first of a series of long duration missions. Two B-2s, the Spirit of Georgia and the Spirit of America, departed Whiteman on 7 October 2001, bombed targets in Afghanistan, and then went on to land at a forward location following missions lasting 40.3 and 44.3 hours, respectively. Following engine running crew changes, the B-2s and crews returned to Whiteman on 9 October after sorties lasting 29 hours each for the two bombers. Total engine run time for the two B-2s was 69.3 and 73.3 hours, respectively. The sortie accomplished in the Spirit of America (73.3 hours) was the longest combat sortie in the history of the Air Force to date.[2]
Lineage
- Organized as the 4th Aero Squadron on 5 May 1917
- Redesignated Squadron B, Post Field, OK, on 22 July 1918
- Demobilized on 2 January 1919
- Reconstituted and consolidated (1924) with the 4th Aero Squadron which was organized on 23 June 1919
- Redesignated 4th Squadron (Observation) on 14 March 1921
- Redesignated 4th Observation Squadron on 25 January 1923
- Redesignated 4th Reconnaissance Squadron on 25 January 1938
- Redesignated 4th Reconnaissance Squadron (Medium Range) on 6 December 1939
- Redesignated 4th Reconnaissance Squadron (Heavy) on 20 November 1940
- Redesignated 394th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 22 April 1942
- Redesignated 394th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy by September 1944
- Inactivated on 29 April 1946
- Redesignated 394th Combat Training Squadron on 22 October 1996
- Activated on 6 November 1996
- Inactivated c. 13 April 2018[4]
Assignments
- Eastern Department, 23 June 1919
- 2d Observation Group, 15 December 1919 (attached to the Eastern Department until 8 January 1920)
- Hawaiian Department, 31 January 1922 (Divisional aviation for the Hawaiian Division, February 1922 – January 1927)
- 5th Composite Group (later 5th Bombardment) Group, assigned 11 January 1927, attached 12 October 1938, assigned 25 February 1942 – 29 April 1946
- 509th Operations Group, 6 November 1996 – c. 13 April 2018[4]
Stations
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Aircraft
- Apparently included Curtiss JN-4, and JN-6, during period 1917–1919
- Primarily Airco DH.4 during period 1919–1929; in addition to Thomas-Morse O-19 and Thomas-Morse OA-1, included Martin B-12 bomber and Boeing P-12 fighter during period 1929–1937
- Primarily B-18 Boloduring period 1938–1941
- Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, 1941–1942; November 1942 – 1943
- Consolidated LB-30 Liberator, 1942
- Consolidated B-24 Liberator, 1943–1945
- Northrop T-38 Talon, 1996–2018
- B-2 Spirit, 1996–2018[4]
See also
References
Notes
- ^ History of Henry Post Army Airfield – oldest airfield in the Army
- ^ a b c d e f g "Brief History of the 394th Combat Training Squadron" (PDF). Whiteman Air Force Base Office of History. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2013.
- ^ Maurer (A(*&), p. 341
- ^ a b c d Staff writer, no byline (13 April 2018). "Whiteman's esteemed B-2 Spirit pilots merged into single squadron". 509th Bomb Wing Public Affairs. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. LCCN 61060979.
- Maurer, Maurer (1987). Aviation in the U.S. Army, 1919-1939 (PDF). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History, United States Air Force. OCLC 15661556. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. OCLC 72556.