AGG01
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AGG01 a
peptide antibiotic discovered in the breast milk of the Tammar wallaby,[1] reportedly one hundred times more powerful than penicillin in vitro.[2]
This compound was found to be effective against
Streptococci, Salmonella, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas spp., Proteus vulgaris, and Staphylococcus aureus
.
AGG01 is a
lipids
in the bacterial membrane, such as phosphatidylglycerol. It inserts itself into the membrane, by competing with cross-linking proteins between each membrane layer, and then sets up trans-membrane protein channels which induce ion transport out of the cell. This causes huge leakage via osmosis through these 'pores' and the general consensus is that the loss of these essential molecules is the mechanism by which bacteria are killed. The bacterial membrane has a different structure from the mammalian plasma membrane, so the protein can only kill pathogenic cells and not human ones.
The compound was in preclinical development in 2007.[3]
References
- ^ "Fighting superbugs with milk". NewScientist.com. 2006-04-20. Archived from the original on 8 September 2006. Retrieved 2006-09-07.
- ^ "Wallaby milk gives scientists the jump on deadly superbug". London: Sunday Times (Britain). 2006-05-21.
- ^ "Anti-superbug weapon developed from wallaby milk". COSMOS Magazine. 2007-05-09. Archived from the original on 2008-01-13.
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