Aequanimitas

Aequanimitas was one of

Aequanimitas refers to staying calm and composed.[3]^[5] In the essay, Osler advocates two qualities "imperturbability" and "equanimity", which he defined as "coolness and presence of mind under all circumstances".^[1]

1904 and 1906

In 1904, Aequanimitas was published by H. K. Lewis in Aequanimitas with Other Addresses to Medical Students, Nurses and Practitioners of Medicine, a collection of his essays.^[1] A second edition was produced in 1906 by P. Blakiston's Son & Co. in Philadelphia,^[6] and H.K. Lewis in London.^[7]

Eli Lilly & Company

Following Osler's death, an expanded version of the book appeared as a third edition in 1932.^[8][9] It omits the essays "A Way of life", "A man's redemption of man" and "The old humanities and new science", and became more widely available than the previous editions.^[2]

Between 1932 and 1953,

Through the years Osler's ideal of "Aequanimitas" has been criticised on the grounds that it excludes empathy, sympathy, or emotional resonance with patients.[2] One of the strongest critiques was presented by Gerald Weissmann in his book The Woods Hole Cantata (1985).^[11] It had been published the previous year in Hospital Practice, as an essay entitled "Against Aequanimitas".^[12] Weissmann's assessment of Osler led him to conclude that Osler's advice held "the public tone of the academic snob".^[12] After reciting Osler's description of "imperturbability", Weissmann held the opinion that "the Oslerian view is not only devoid of passion, but [also] of joy".^[12]

Osler however, did not that day in 1889 intend to give the graduating medical students comprehensive advice about how to practice medicine.^[13] His involvement was a relatively small part of a busy commencement programme, in which the principal honoree was the retiring professor of surgery, David Hayes Agnew ("Agnew day").^[2][13] Charles S. Bryan later explains that Osler deliberately confined his remarks to two of the qualities the students would need in practice. Osler emphasized the need to balance "head" and "heart".^[14] In his interpretation the balance varies according to the nature of the task at hand and Aequanimitas is best understood as emotions appropriate to the circumstances rather than as indifference as suggested by the critiques.^[14]

The term aequanimitas has become a motto.[16] At Johns Hopkins, it appears on ties and scarves worn by the housestaff,^[16] and was mentioned in the television programme House.^[16]

A similar concept to aequanimitas was addressed by Steve Jobs at Stanford University in 2005.^[17] Daniel Goleman's notion of emotional intelligence has been described as a modern variation of aequanimitas.^[17]

References