Ala al-Dawla Muhammad

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Ala al-Dawla Muhammad
Kakuyid dynasty
Reign1008 – September 1041
SuccessorFaramurz (Isfahan)
Garshasp I (Hamadan)
DiedSeptember 1041
Jibal
HouseKakuyid
FatherRustam Dushmanziyar
ReligionShia Islam

Muhammad ibn Rustam Dushmanziyar (

Deylami language
, and is related to the Persian word "kaka". Muhammad died in September 1041 after having carved out a powerful kingdom which included western Persia and Jibal. However, these gains were quickly lost under his successors.

Origins

Map of northern Iran

Buyid emir Majd al-Dawla and Shams al-Dawla
. Both were under the tutelage of their mother Shirin until her death in 1029.

Reign

Given these family ties, it is not surprising that from 1007 to 1008 Ala al-Dawla was the governor of

ispahbadh
) from Tabaristan.

Five years later, Ala al-Dawla won a great victory over his rivals at

caliph Al-Qadir
, the title of "Husam Amir al-mu'manin" (Sword of the commander of the faithful).

In 1029, Majd al-Dawla was deposed by the

Mas'ud I, the son of the Ghaznavid sultan, who wanted to liberate the Abbasids from Buyid control, proceeded further into western Iran, where he defeated various rulers, including Ala al-Dawla, who fled to Ahvaz to seek help from the Buyids, but he quickly made peace with the Ghaznavids and returned as their vassal, where he accepted to pay an annual tribute of 200,000 dinars. The Ghaznavids, however, were not able to hold their conquests which were distant from Ghazni, without trouble. Ala al-Dawla managed to briefly occupy Ray from the Ghaznavids in 1030. In 1035, Mas'ud I again defeated Ala al-Dawla who fled to once again fled to the Buyids in Ahvaz, where he later fled to northwestern Iran. Ala al-Dawla then began recruiting a powerful force of Turkmens
in order to re-gain his lost domains.

In 1037/38, Ala al-Dawla, along with his forces, once again occupied Ray from Ghaznavids. In the following years, Ala al-Dawla began constructing massive defensive walls around Isfahan.[6] Which later saved it from the Turkmen nomads who sacked and plundered some places in west and central Iran in 1038/39, including the city of Hamadan.

Death

Ala al-Dawla died in September 1041 when he was campaigning in western Persia against the

Seljuqs
.

Legacy

Ala al-Dawla was a great military commander who managed to protect his kingdom from its neighbors, including the Buyids, Ghaznavids and Seljuqs. He invited the philosopher

Ghurids under their ruler Ala al-Din Husayn.[5]
: 773–774 

References

  1. ^ Bosworth 1978, p. 465.
  2. ^ Huart 1993, p. 667-668.
  3. ^ Kennedy 2004, p. 244.
  4. ^ Bosworth 1968, p. 37.
  5. ^ a b c d Bosworth 1998.
  6. ^ Bosworth 1968, p. 40.

Sources

  • ISBN 0-521-06936-X
    .
  • Janine and Dominique Sourdel, Historical Dictionary of Islam, Éd. PUF,
    ISBN 978-2-13-054536-1
    , article Kakuyids, pp. 452–453.
  • Bosworth, C. E. (1978). "Kākūyids". In
    OCLC 758278456
    .
  • Bosworth, C. Edmund (1998). "KĀKUYIDS". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XV, Fasc. 4. London et al.: C. Edmund Bosworth. pp. 359–362.
  • Bosworth, C. Edmund (1984). "ʿALĀʾ-AL-DAWLA MOḤAMMAD". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. I, Fasc. 7. London et al.: C. Edmund Bosworth. pp. 773–774.
  • ISBN 0-521-20093-8
    .
  • Bosworth, C. Edmund (1997). "EBN FŪLĀD". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VIII, Fasc. 1. London et al.: C. Edmund Bosworth. pp. 26–27.
  • Huart, CL. (1993). "Kākōyids". E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, Volume IIII. Leiden: BRILL. pp. 667–668.
    ISBN 9789004097902
    .
  • ISBN 978-0-582-40525-7
    .
Preceded by
None
 Kakuyid Emir of Isfahan
1008 – September 1041 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
None
Kakuyid Emir of Hamadan

1023 – September 1041 		Succeeded by
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