Ambrose of Optina

Saint Ambrose of Optina
Russian Orthodox Church Abroad
Feast	23 October [O.S. 10 October] (Repose) 10 July [O.S. 27 June] (Uncovering of Relics)
Attributes	Clothed as a monk, sometimes holding a scroll

Ambrose of Optina (Russian: Амвросий Оптинский; birth name: Aleksander Mikhaylovich Grenkov, Russian: Александр Михайлович Гренков, December 5, 1812, Bolshaya Lipovitsa settlement,

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Biography

Aleksandr was born in the family of sexton Mikhail Fyodorovich Grenkov and Marfa Nikolayevna Grenkova. He was the sixth of eight children. At the age of 12 Aleksandr entered the Tambov clerical school and later the Tambov theological seminary. In 1835, shortly before the graduation, Aleksandr became severely ill and made a vow if he got well to become a monk. He recovered but delayed his decision and became a private teacher in a family of a landlord and later in the Lipetsk clerical school. During summer vacation, Aleksandr met a well-known elder Hilarion from the village of Troekurovo. Hilarion advised: "Go to Optina and you will be experienced. You could go to Sarov too, but there are no more experienced elders there" (at that time, Seraphim of Sarov already reposed). Hilarion added: "They need you there". After this advice, in 1839, Aleksandr entered the Optina Monastery in Kaluga guberniya when the monastery was in its spiritual heyday. His first guide was Starets (Elder) Leonid and then later Starets Makary, whom Ambrose shared a cell with. This gave him get help in his spiritual progress.

Ambrose had a very lively humor and sociable character which conflicted with his more

(priest). On the trip to Kaluga for ordination, Ambrose caught cold. Since then, his health became so poor that he almost could not serve as a priest.

Due to illness Ambrose was forced into semi-reclusion for several years. This seclusion allowed him to concentrate on the mastering of the

(Elder) out of love for all people he counseled and any who sought him.

When Macarius died in September, 1860, Ambrose replaced him as the principal elder of the monastery. Ambrose remained the principal staretz of Optina for 30 years. Ambrose was visited by countless people, and his love for every person was so strong that he would even see people when he had passed the point of exhaustion being forced to lay down. Even then he would not refuse to listen to people coming to him to seek his counsel. The staretz had the gift of being able to see into people's souls where no secret was hidden from him. There is abundant testimony to his clairvoyance and gift of healing which he tried to conceal.^[1] Known for his deep kindness and compassion, no one's question or counsel was refused.

Being able to give wise advice to other people, Ambrose, due to his humility, sought advice from others without relying on his own mind even having the gift of reasoning. After the death of Macarius, having no one to turn to in his monastery, he turned first to his bishop Gregory. And over time, learning from some credible people about one hidden, wandering spiritual elder, Ambrose immediately tried to get close to him. He constantly wrote secret letters to this elder with the intention to do everything with the advice of another person in which he saw the expression of the will of God – not following own will.^[2]

Ambrose founded

were placed in the Vvedensky Church of the Monastery.

Cultural allusions

Elder Nektary of The Brothers Karamazov referred to Ambrose as "an earthly angel and a heavenly man." Ambrose is supposed to have been seen surrounded by the uncreated light more than once. In the Russian Orthodox tradition, this is the definitive sign of transfiguration and citizenship in the Kingdom of Heaven to come, or paradise, similar to what has been attributed to Seraphim of Sarov.

Ambrose was also a subject in Velikoe v malom i Antikhrist by

.

Quotes

• "One should live without hypocrisy and behave in such a way as to set an example, then our actions will be right, otherwise they will turn out bad" (Russian: «Нужно жить нелицемерно и вести себя примерно, тогда дело наше будет верно, а иначе выйдет скверно»)
• "Live without cares, judge no-one, vex no-one, and honour everyone" («Жить - не тужить, никого не осуждать, никому не досаждать, и всем мое почтение»)
• "From kindness, people see things entirely differently."
• "Do not be greatly disturbed by the arrangement of your fate. Have only the unwavering desire for salvation and, standing before God, await His help until the time comes."

Works

• Answer to those who are favorable to the Latin Church. Ответ благосклонным к Латинской Церкви (in Russian)
• Fear of God / Страх Божий. (in Russian)
• Отечник. Христианский брак Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine

See also

• Seraphim of Sarov
• Optina Monastery
• Kazan St Ambrose Convent
• Lev of Optina

References

External links

• Venerable Ambrose of Optina Orthodox
  synaxarion
• Optina martyrs: the three monks murdered in 1993
• Optina elders
• Life of the blessed Starets Ambrose of Optina
• Views of the monastery (in Russian)