Animal Drug Availability Act 1996
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| Long title | An Act to amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to provide for improvements in the process of approving and using animal drugs, and for other purposes. |
|---|---|
| Acronyms (colloquial) | ADAA |
| Nicknames | Animal Drug Availability Act of 1995 |
| Enacted by | the 104th United States Congress |
| Effective | October 9, 1996 |
| Citations | |
| Public law | 104-250 |
| Statutes at Large | 110 Stat. 3151 |
| Codification | |
| Acts amended | Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act |
| Titles amended | 21 U.S.C.: Food and Drugs |
| U.S.C. sections amended | |
| Legislative history | |
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The Animal Drug Availability Act 1996 (ADAA) is a
animal health industry.[1]
Overview
The Animal Drug Availability Act specifies the conditions in which the U.S. Secretary of Health can refuse the application of a new drug. The possibility of an unconsidered hazard is not a permitted ground for refusing an application. The implications of the act include:[1]
- more relaxed controls on field studies unless requested and justified by the Center for Veterinary Medicine;
- a strict demand for proof of efficacy;
- a definition of adequate and well controlled procedures for field trials;
- supporting labeling focused on the range of recommended or acceptable dosages;
- the creation of animal drugs.
Details
Antibiotics in agriculture before ADAA statute
body weight gain, improve the food-to-weight gain ratio, and increase the voluntary intake of food equals 3.1 million pounds in cows, feeding swine with 11 million pounds, and poultry with 2 million pounds.[2] For each of these livestock species the subtherapeutic use is substantially higher: this contributes unnecessarily to possible microbial resistance. Those quantities preceded the ADAA, so approving veterinary feed including antibiotics for market contributed to progressing livestock medication. In 2003 the over 24 million pounds of antibiotics used for subtherapeutic use were distributed as follows: 10.3 million pounds for swine, 10.5 million pounds fed to poultry, and 3.7 million pounds given to cows.[3]
Antibiotic resistant bacteria
The Union of Concerned Scientists estimate healthy
Subway and Carl's Jr. to discontinues fluoroquinolone use in associated feedlots.[3]
Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus infection
VRE infection has been positively correlated to avoparcin use; around the time of Americas ADAA in 1996 Denmark banned this specific growth promoter and found the flocks at slaughter had a decreased occurrence of VRE to 12% in 1998 from 82% in 1995.[5]
References
- ^ PMID 25121246.
- ^ PMID 9426941.
- ^ a b c "Antibiotics In Agriculture: Policy Issues Package". State Environmental Resource Center. June 27, 2003. Archived from the original on 2010-01-14. Retrieved 2010-03-20.
- ^ "Fact sheet N°268. Use of antimicrobials outside human medicine and resultant antimicrobial resistance in humans". World Health Organization. January 2002. Archived from the original on 2010-02-16. Retrieved 2010-03-20.
- PMID 10341169.