Aratashen
40°07′43″N 44°13′39″E / 40.12861°N 44.22750°E
Aratashen
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Aratashen (
Archaeology
A neolithic-chalcolithic tell is located south of the town.
The first occupation phase at Aratashen was
Also the pottery, after it appears, is somewhat similar. The best parallels are with Kul Tepe of Nakhichevan to the south, and with the northern Near East, such as the lower levels of Hajji Firuz Tepe, at Dalma Tepe, and at Tilki Tepe.
The Shulaveri-Shomutepe culture, that developed in the neighbouring Kura basin and the Karabakh steppe, does not have close parallels with the early Aratashen artifacts.[1]
At Aratashen,
Other types of pottery appear at the end of the fifth millennium BC. At this time, the plain of Ararat was in contact with the contemporary populations of northern Mesopotamia, and also with those of the ‘Sioni culture’ of the Kura basin.
The pottery of the second occupation phase of Aratashen is becoming close to that in the Ararat plain. Here we see the influence of the Late Chalcolithic horizon of approximately 4300–3500 BC in the whole of northern Mesopotamia, such as:
- "... development of straw-tempered ware, initial use of the slow wheel, early forms of standardization in manufacture and typological features ("Coba bowls"), a frequent surface treatment with light scraping..."[3]
This pottery has many Transcaucasian, or Sioni culture features. Sioni culture generally succeeded the Shulaveri-Shomutepe culture in some areas. Here we already see the features of the later Kura–Araxes culture pottery.[4]
Metalwork
There's evidence of very early metallurgy at Aratashen, going back to the first half of the sixth millennium BCE. According to A. Courcier,
In the Neolithic level IId of Aratashen, dated to the beginnings of the sixth millennium BCE, several fragments of copper ores (malachite and azurite) and 57 arsenical copper beads were discovered.[5] Close to Aratashen, at Khatunark, one fragment of copper ore (malachite) has been discovered in a level dated to the first half of the sixth millennium BCE.[6] This artefact, together with those found at Aratashen, suggest the nascent emergence of metallurgy in the Ararat region already during the Late Neolithic.[7]
At Aratashen and Khatunakh/
See also
References
- ^ Ruben BADALYAN, Pierre LOMBARD, THE NEOLITHIC AND CHALCOLITHIC PHASES IN THE ARARAT PLAIN (ARMENIA): THE VIEW FROM ARATASHEN (PDF file) 2004
- ISBN 978-0-19-993541-3.
- ^ Ruben BADALYAN, Pierre LOMBARD, THE NEOLITHIC AND CHALCOLITHIC PHASES IN THE ARARAT PLAIN (ARMENIA): THE VIEW FROM ARATASHEN (PDF file) 2004
- ^ Ruben BADALYAN, Pierre LOMBARD, THE NEOLITHIC AND CHALCOLITHIC PHASES IN THE ARARAT PLAIN (ARMENIA): THE VIEW FROM ARATASHEN (PDF file) 2004
- ^ Meliksetian 2009; Badalyan et al. 2007, pp. 52–53
- ^ Badalyan and Harutyunyan 2008
- ^ A. Courcier (2014), "Ancient Metallurgy in the Caucasus From the Sixth to the Third Millennium BCE" In B. W. Roberts, C. P. Thornton (eds.), Archaeometallurgy in Global Perspective DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-9017-3_22
External links
- Aratashen at GEOnet Names Server
- World Gazeteer: Armenia[dead link] – World-Gazetteer.com
- Report of the results of the 2001 Armenian Census, Statistical Committee of Armenia
- Kiesling, Brady (June 2000). Rediscovering Armenia: An Archaeological/Touristic Gazetteer and Map Set for the Historical Monuments of Armenia (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 November 2021.