Aston Rowant National Nature Reserve

Aston Rowant

Notification		1988
Location map	Magic Map

Aston Rowant National Nature Reserve is located on the north-west escarpment of the Chiltern Hills, in the Chilterns Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.^[1] It has an area of 159.1 hectares (393 acres),^[2] and most of it is a 128.5 hectares (318 acres) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest.^[3][4] It is listed as a Grade 1 site in A Nature Conservation Review.^[5] The reserve is in several sections, mostly in the parish of Lewknor in Oxfordshire, with smaller sections in the parish of Stokenchurch in Buckinghamshire.

The reserve is home to plants and butterflies of

.

As well as chalk grassland, the reserve contains woodland with

red kites

are resident.

Habitats

The Aston Rowant reserve is managed by

at Aston Rowant Wood.

Flowers

Aston Rowant is especially noted in spring and summer for the wildflowers and orchids associated with close-cropped chalk grassland, managed by careful grazing regimes. Orchid species recorded include

• Flowers at Aston Rowant NNR
• 
  Small scabious
• 
  Ragged robin
• 
  Dog rose

• 
  Chalk fragrant orchid
• 
  Yellow rattle
• 
  Pyramidal orchid
• 
  Hoary plantain
• 
  Yellow-wort

Butterflies

The chalk grassland habitat is particularly attractive to many species of butterflies such as the Adonis blue, the chalkhill blue, marbled white, silver-spotted skipper, the dark green fritillary, and the silver-washed fritillary.^[6] Over 30 species of butterflies have been recorded on the reserve.

• Butterflies at Aston Rowant NNR
• 
  Adonis blue, Lysandra bellargus
• 
  Chalkhill blue, Polyommatus coridon
• 
  Marbled white, Melanargia galathea
• 
  Silver-spotted skipper, Hesperia comma
• 
  Silver-washed fritillary, Argynnis paphia

Mammals

.

Reintroductions

In 1989, the Aston Rowant NNR became one of the initial four sites selected by the

, which had become extinct in England and Scotland due to persecution since the early 1900s, and reduced to a residual population of a few dozen pairs in central Wales. Initially birds were brought in from Spain but the reintroduction programme based in the Chilterns was so successful that the local population has now self-generated to a level of approximately 200 pairs[7] and chicks are now taken from the Chilterns population for reintroduction projects elsewhere in the UK.^[8]

In the summer of 2004, seeds of the interrupted brome grass, which had become extinct in the wild, were dispersed at the Aston Rowant NNR. The plants successfully germinated, fruited and persisted. This marked the first extinct plant to be re-introduced into the wild in British history.^[9]

M40 controversy

The M40 motorway passes through the reserve, where the Aston Rowant Cutting creates an important geological exposure of the Coniacian chalk strata, and drops the motorway down onto the Oxfordshire plain between Junction 5 Stokenchurch and junction 6 Watlington. This section of the "Midlands Link" motorway opened in 1974 after a Public Enquiry. The event helped to motivate conservation groups to oppose infrastructure projects that would damage protected natural habitats, such as the M3 cutting through Twyford Down near Winchester, which could have been protected by tunnelling.^[10]

References

51°39′54″N 0°57′00″W / 51.665°N 0.95°W / 51.665; -0.95