Baha al-Din Sam II

**Baha al-Din Sam II**
Baha al-Din Sam II
Ghurid
Father	Shams al-Din Muhammad ibn Masud
Mother	Sister of Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad
Religion	Sunni Islam

Baha al-Din Sam II (

Bamiyan

, ruling from 1192 to 1206.

Origins and rise

Baha al-Din Sam II was the son of

Mu'izz al-Din Muhammad shortly deposed Abbas, and replaced him with Baha al-Din.^[1]

Reign

Shortly after his ascension, Baha al-Din became famous among his subjects, and patronized many scholars such as the prominent

Khwarazmian dynasty, which was supported by their suzerain Kara-Khitans; the Khwarazmians attacked Herat, while the Kara-Khitans invaded Guzgan, and demanded tribute from Baha al-Din.^[2] However, the Ghurids shortly managed to inflict a heavy defeat on the two empires, and then used the opportunity to conquer Marv, Sarakhs, Nasa, Abiward, Tus, and Nishapur.^[2] Several Ghurid princes were shortly appointed as the governor of the cities, which included a nephew of Baha al-Din's grandfather Fakhr al-Din Masud, Taj al-Din Zangi

.

In March 1203, Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad died of illness, and was succeeded by his brother Mu'izz al-Din Muhammad as the head of the Ghurid dynasty. Shortly after Ghiyath's death, however, the Khwarazmian-shah

Ghur, but suffered a heavy defeat during the retreat. After Mu'izz's return to Ghur, he, along with Baha al-Din prepared a new Ghurid expedition into Khwarezm. During the same period, a Ghurid prince named Ala al-Din Atsiz

married a daughter of Baha al-Din.

However, Mu'izz al-Din was soon assassinated in 1206, which resulted in a civil war; Baha al-Din Sam was supported by the native Iranian soldiers, while the Turkic

ghulams supported Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad's son Ghiyath al-Din Mahmud.^[3] Baha al-Din Sam II, however, died a few days later of illness,^[4] and was succeeded by his son Jalal al-Din Ali, who, along with his brother Ala al-Din Muhammad, were supported by their father's supporters.^[3]

References

^ Richards 2010, p. 95.
^ ^a ^b Bosworth 1968, p. 164.
^ ^a ^b Bosworth 1968, p. 165.
^ Richards 2010, p. 96.

Sources

C. Edmund, Bosworth (2001). "GHURIDS". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
ISBN 0-521-06936-X
.

Richards, D.S. (2010). The Chronicle of Ibn al-Athir for the Crusading Period from al-Kamil fi'l-Ta'rikh. Part 3. Ashgate Publishing. pp. 1–344.
ISBN 978-0-7546-6952-4
.

Preceded by Abbas ibn Muhammad	Bamiyan 1192–1206	Succeeded by Jalal al-Din Ali

[FOOTNOTERichards201095-1] Richards 2010, p. 95.

[FOOTNOTEBosworth1968164-2] Bosworth 1968, p. 164.

[FOOTNOTEBosworth1968165-3] Bosworth 1968, p. 165.

[FOOTNOTERichards201096-4] Richards 2010, p. 96.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

Ghur (before 879–1215)		Amir Suri Muhammad ibn Suri Abu Ali ibn Muhammad Abbas ibn Shith Muhammad ibn Abbas Qutb al-din Hasan Izz al-Din Husayn Sayf al-Din Suri Baha al-Din Sam I Ala al-Din Husayn Sayf al-Din Muhammad Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad Muhammad of Ghor Ghiyath al-Din Mahmud Baha al-Din Sam III Ala al-Din Atsiz Ala al-Din Ali
In Ghazni (1151-1152 and 1173–1215)	Ala al-Din Husayn Muhammad of Ghor Ala al-Din Muhammad Ghiyath al-Din Mahmud Baha al-Din Sam III Ala al-Din Atsiz Ala al-Din Ali
In Bamiyan (1152–1215)	Fakhr al-Din Masud Shams al-Din Muhammad ibn Masud Abbas ibn Muhammad Baha al-Din Sam II Jalal al-Din Ali
Minor domains	Ala al-Din Ali (Nishapur, 1200-1204) Taj al-Din Zangi (Sarakhs, 1200-1204)