Balfour, New Zealand

Coordinates: 45°50′S 168°35′E / 45.833°S 168.583°E / -45.833; 168.583
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Balfour
Map
Coordinates: 45°50′S 168°35′E / 45.833°S 168.583°E / -45.833; 168.583
CountryNew Zealand
Rob Scott
 • Southland MPJoseph Mooney
 • Te Tai Tonga MPTākuta Ferris
Area
[1]
 • Total0.48 km2 (0.19 sq mi)
Population
 (June 2023)[2]
 • Total130
 • Density270/km2 (700/sq mi)

Balfour is a small town located in the

Southland
region of New Zealand.

Accounts of Balfour's naming differ: according to one report, it was named after an employee of the Waimea Company who lived there; alternatively it may have been named after James Melville Balfour,[3] Marine Engineer to the New Zealand Government[4] and uncle of Robert Louis Stevenson.[5]

Geography

Balfour is located between the

New Zealand State Highway 94, the main road linking Gore with the tourist destination of Milford Sound
.

Demographics

Balfour is described as a rural settlement by Statistics New Zealand. It covers 0.48 km2 (0.19 sq mi),[1] and had an estimated population of 130 as of June 2023,[2] with a population density of 271 people per km2. It is part of the much larger Lumsden-Balfour statistical area.[6]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
2006138—    
2013126−1.29%
2018117−1.47%
Source: [7]

Balfour had a population of 117 at the

2006 census
. There were 48 households, comprising 66 males and 54 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.22 males per female. The median age was 40.8 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 18 people (15.4%) aged under 15 years, 27 (23.1%) aged 15 to 29, 42 (35.9%) aged 30 to 64, and 30 (25.6%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 94.9% European/Pākehā, 10.3% Māori, and 2.6% Asian. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 53.8% had no religion, and 35.9% were Christian.

Of those at least 15 years old, 6 (6.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 33 (33.3%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $34,300, compared with $31,800 nationally. 9 people (9.1%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 51 (51.5%) people were employed full-time, and 18 (18.2%) were part-time.[7]

Railway

In 1880, the

Kingston Flyers that gave their name to today's Kingston Flyer tourist train in Kingston passed through Balfour on their way to Gore or Dunedin
from the 1890s through to Easter 1957.

With the improvement of road transportation and changes in government regulations, the railway lost its profitability, and in 1971, most of it was closed. Balfour now became the terminus of a short branch line from Lumsden, and it was hoped that shipments of wheat from surrounding farms would provide sufficient traffic to keep the line open. Unfortunately, the quantities of traffic desired from Balfour did not eventuate and the railway was closed on 15 January 1978. Today, the old Balfour station platform has been incorporated into a children's playground.[8]

Economy

The town's industry is predominantly agricultural. In the surrounding area, cattle, sheep, grain, and deer are farmed. A dairy factory once operated in the town. Dairy farming has again become economically important in recent years. A lime works, started in 1910, recently closed.[9]

Education

Balfour School is a state contributing primary school for years 1 to 6[10] with a roll of 69 as of February 2024.[11] The school was established in 1887.[12]

Sport

Balfour annually hosts a

fishing.[9]

References

  1. ^ a b "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Subnational population estimates (RC, SA2), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2023 (2023 boundaries)". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 25 October 2023. (regional councils); "Subnational population estimates (TA, SA2), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2023 (2023 boundaries)". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 25 October 2023. (territorial authorities); "Subnational population estimates (urban rural), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2023 (2023 boundaries)". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 25 October 2023. (urban areas)
  3. ISBN 0-790-00761-4
    .
  4. ^ "The Late Messrs Balfour and Paterson", Otago Daily Times, 23 Dec. 1869, p. 2
  5. ^ Paul Gittins (1997), Epitaph, Auckland: Random House, p. 160
  6. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Lumsden-Balfour
  7. ^ a b "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. 7029187.
  8. ^ David Leitch and Brian Scott, Exploring New Zealand's Ghost Railways, revised edition (Wellington: Grantham House, 1998 [1995]), 111-12.
  9. ^ a b Northern Southland Naturally, "Balfour" Archived 2005-05-27 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 3 November 2007.
  10. ^ Education Counts: Balfour School
  11. ^ "New Zealand Schools Directory". New Zealand Ministry of Education. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
  12. ^ "Balfour - The Balfour Public School". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand. Vol. Otago & Southland Provincial Districts. 1905. p. 1039.
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