Bernat de Rocafort

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Engraving showing the arrest of Rocafort by his men

Bernat de Rocafort was the third leader of the Catalan Company, from 1307 until 1309.

Bernat was of humble birth,

almogàvers to join the Catalan Company. He was soon made its seneschal (manescal de la host), replacing the late Corberán de Alet of Navarre.[2][3] In August 1303, Bernat commanded the almogàvers at the Battle of Ania, while Roger de Flor commanded the cavalry.[3]

Following the murder of Roger de Flor at the order of the

Byzantine emperor Michael IX Palaiologos, the Catalans elected Berenguer d'Entença as their leader, and took over the fortress of Gallipoli as their own. Entença was soon after captured by a Genoese fleet, and Rocafort was chosen as his successor, with a council of twelve to assist him.[1] Under Rocafort's leadership, the Catalans inflicted defeats on the Byzantines, and raided much of Thrace, plundering its cities.[1] They were strengthened by the arrival of 3,800 Turkish auxiliaries, many of whom converts to Christianity.[1]

However, Rocafort's position was threatened when Entença secured his release from captivity. Upon his return, Entença was murdered by Rocafort's relatives.

Chalcidice peninsula in August. From there they continued their raids, plundering the monasteries of Mount Athos in summer 1308.[5][6]

Having effectively burned his bridges with the

Saint Demetrios, the city's patron saint, and a royal crown, and aimed to extend his dominion over the Duchy of Athens. To that end, he entered into negotiations with the childless duke, Guy II de la Roche, for a marriage with his sister, Jeannette de Brienne. Guy II sent envoys to Kassandreia, and toyed with the idea of using the Catalans to pursue his wife's claims on the neighbouring Principality of Achaea. These plans were opposed by Venice, however, who saw the Catalans as a threat to her own colonies in Greece; and the negotiations had not borne fruit when Rocafort himself was deposed by the Company, who had tired of his increasingly despotic rule.[8]

After his dismissal, Rocafort was arrested and handed over to the ward of Cepoy. The latter, wary of staying with the Catalans any longer, absconded in the middle of night with his prisoner, and took ship to Naples. There King Robert of Naples threw Rocafort in the dungeons of Aversa, where he was left to die of hunger.[9] In the meantime, the Catalans, enraged at the sudden departure of their leader, had a sudden change of heart, and killed the fourteen captains who had led the revolt against Rocafort. No new leader was elected in his place, partly owing to the lack of figures prominent enough to occupy such a position; instead, they elected a four-man committee, chosen equally from among the cavalry and the infantry, to lead them along the council of twelve already established.[10]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f Miller 1908, p. 215.
  2. ^ Ángel Boya Balet (2014), La compañía de almogávares en Grecia, Liber Factory, p. 328.
  3. ^ a b R. G. Keightley (1979), "Muntaner and the Catalan Grand Company", Revista Canadiense de Estudios Hispánicos, 4 (1): 37–58.
  4. ^ Miller 1908, pp. 215–217.
  5. ^ Miller 1908, pp. 216, 217.
  6. ^ Setton 1975, p. 169.
  7. ^ Miller 1908, pp. 217–218.
  8. ^ Miller 1908, p. 218.
  9. ^ Miller 1908, pp. 218–219.
  10. ^ Miller 1908, p. 219.

Sources

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